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Seroepidemiologic evidence for murine and scrub typhus in Malang, Indonesia.

Indonesian military personnel stationed in Malang, East Java were among troops deployed to central Cambodia as part of the United Nations' Transition Authority Cambodia peace-keeping operation in 1992. Predeployment blood samples obtained from a cohort of Indonesian soldiers indicated a high prevalence of antibodies to antigens of Rickettsia typhi or Orientia (formerly Rickettsia) tsutsugamushi, the etiologic agents for murine and scrub typhus, respectively. To evaluate the potential risk of these rickettsial diseases in the Malang area, a subsequent seroepidemiologic survey was conducted. Thi…

[A new natural focus of scrub typhus found in Hunchun].

From May to June 1992, Apodemus agrarius and Apodemus speciosus were captured in Hunchun, Jilin Province. Four strains of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi were isolated from viscera of rats and trombiculid mites. At the same time, the antibody against Rickettsia tsutsugamushi was assayed in the sera of the local people and the wild rats. The positive rates were 15.2% and 16.4%, respectively. The above results showed that a natural focus of scrub typhus exists in Hunchun area.

У детей с неясной температурой в тропиках скреб и тиф-мурин.

В период с октября 1985 года по февраль 1987 года у 320 детей с неизвестной температурой не менее 1 недели был диагностирован 28 (8,7 процента) случаев стирания и тифа. Скруб тифа — сельская болезнь, характеризующаяся лихорадкой, тахипней и гепатоспленомегали. Кожная сыпь была редкой, а эшар отсутствовал. У четырёх пациентов была пневмония, а у двоих — менингит. Мюрин тифа, более городское заболевание, был более мягким, а половина пациентов были представлены исключительно из-за ночной лихорадки. Немного увеличенная печень и кожная сыпь были единственными существенными физическими признаками. Н

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Between October, 1985, and February, 1987, 28 (8.7%) cases of scrub and murine typhus were diagnosed among 320 children with greater than or equal to 1 week history of obscure fever. Scrub typhus is a rural disease and characterized by fever, tachypnea and hepatosplenomegaly. Skin rash was rare and eschar was absent. Four patients had pneumonia and two had m…

Serodiagnosis of scrub typhus with antigens immobilized on nitrocellulose sheet.

This study was designed to develop a simple method for serodiagnosis of scrub typhus. The basis of the method is detection of anti-Rickettsia tsutsugamushi antibody in patient serum by reaction with antigens dot blotted on a nitrocellulose sheet (NCS). The final evaluation of the reaction is performed by observing the color intensity which develops as a result of sequential treatments of the NCS with peroxidase-conjugated anti-human immunoglobulin G or immunoglobulin M antibody and with the substrate of the enzyme. After various trials, we found that the best results were obtained by using a p…

Scrub typhus: a common cause of illness in indigenous populations.

An explanation was sought for the disparity between the low reported incidence of scrub typhus and the high prevalence of antibody to Rickettsia tsutsugamushi in the rural population of Malaysia. A combination of isolation of the organism, titration of antibody by indirect immunofluorescence, and the Weil-Felix test was used to confirm infections. Scrub typhus was found to be very common, causing 23% of all febrile illnesses at one hospital. The infection was particularly prevalent in oil-palm workers, causing an estimated 400 cases annually in a population of 10,000 people living on one plant…

Clinicoepidemiologic characteristics of scrub typhus and murine typhus: A multi-center study in southern Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to offer key features to differentiate scrub typhus (ST) and murine typhus (MT) at the early stage of the diseases and provide clinicoepidemiologic characteristics of ST and MT in southern Taiwan, a region where both diseases are endemic. Comparison of doxycycline treatment efficacy between the two diseases by matching disease severity and delayed treatment had never been investigated. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of cases of ST and MT in four hospitals in southern Taiwan. Propensity-score matching was used to analyze the defervescence curves between p…

Coagulation and inflammation in scrub typhus and murine typhus--a prospective comparative study from Laos.

Scrub typhus (caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi) and murine typhus (caused by Rickettsia typhi) cause up to 28% of febrile episodes in Thailand and Laos. The current understanding of coagulation and inflammation in the pathogenesis of these clinically very similar vasculotropic diseases is limited. This study compared human in vivo changes in 15 coagulation, inflammation and endothelial activation markers in prospectively collected admission and follow-up samples of 121 patients (55 scrub typhus, 55 murine typhus, and 11 typhus-like illness) and 51 healthy controls from Laos. As compared with c…

Multimodal imaging of ASHH in a case of Scrub Typhus Retinopathy.

PURPOSE: To report a case of scrub typhus retinopathy presenting with angular sign of Henle layer hyperreflectivity (ASHH) on optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: This is a retrospective case report with multimodal imaging. RESULTS: A 43-year-old Indian man presented with sudden, painless diminution of vision in both eyes,(left more than right) following a febrile illness. He was diagnosed with scrub typhus based on positive IgM ELISA. Fundus examination revealed scattered intraretinal haemorrhages in both eyes and a yellowish foveal lesion in the left eye. Optical coherence tomograp…

Clinical, Molecular, and Immunological Characteristics of Scrub Typhus in Nepal.

In a serologically diagnosed Nepalese scrub typhus cohort (n = 77), gastrointestinal symptoms were common. We assessed Orientia tsutsugamushi DNA in serum and performed TSA56 genotyping. Orientia DNA was detected in 10 of 77 samples (12%). TSA56 sequencing identified 4 genotypes. Polymerase chain reaction positivity was associated with diarrhea, groin lymphadenopathy, and stronger Th1-type cytokine responses.

Ocular Manifestations of Scrub Typhus and Their Association with In-Hospital Mortality.

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is a major cause of acute febrile illness in Asia and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. A prospective observational study (July 2021 to October 2022) was conducted at a tertiary referral center in Northern India to determine the incidence of ocular manifestations and their association with in-hospital mortality. Patients aged ≥12 years with laboratory-confirmed scrub typhus were enrolled. Ocular examinations were performed within 24 hours of admission by a trained emergency physician and independently validated by an ophthal…

An unusual presentation of scrub typhus as tetany: A case report.

Scrub typhus is a mite-borne rickettsial infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi and is transmitted through the bite of larval trombiculid mites. It is an important cause of acute febrile illness in endemic regions. Although the disease typically presents with fever, rash, lymphadenopathy, and eschar, its clinical manifestations are highly variable and may include severe systemic complications. We report a case of scrub typhus presenting with symptomatic hypocalcaemia and hypophosphataemia probably the result of renal tubular electrolyte loss, highlighting a potentially under-recognized met…

Clinical Characteristics and Evolution of Ocular Manifestations in Scrub Typhus.

Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi infection, manifests with fever, rash, eschar, pneumonia, hepatosplenomegaly, and lymphadenopathy. We conducted a review of the ocular manifestations post-infection and found a high incidence (67%) during the recovery phase (2-4 weeks), particularly prevalent in the tropical Tsutsugamushi triangle. Despite China, only three cases of optic neuritis had been reported, suggesting its rarity due to early antibiotic administration, we present the first documented case of binocular optic neuroretinitis due to Orientia tsutsugamushi infection in China. O…