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Dual enzymatic inhibition and toxicity profiling of polymethoxylated flavones isolated from Knema malayana.

The present study reports the isolation and characterization of secondary metabolites from the methanolic extract of Knema malayana leaves, including five polymethoxylated flavones 3',4',5,7-tetramethoxyflavone (1), 3',4',5',5,7-pentamethoxyflavone (2), 4'-hydroxy-3',5',5,7-tetramethoxyflavone (3), 3-hydroxy-3',4',5',5,7-pentamethoxyflavone (4), and 3,3',5',5,7-pentamethoxyflavone (5). Structural elucidation was performed using 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), IR, MS, and, in the case of compound (2), single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their

Using Artificial Intelligence to Identify Patterns and Predictors of Adverse Drug Reactions in Cardiovascular Patients: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool for improving the detection, prediction, and prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in cardiovascular (CV) medicine, a domain characterized by high drug utilization, complex multimorbidity, and substantial polypharmacy. Traditional pharmacovigilance (PV) systems, particularly spontaneous reporting, remain limited by underreporting, variable data quality, and delayed signal recognition, underscoring the need for computationally enhanced approaches. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on AI applications across

Age-Dependent Cardiovascular Adverse Event Reporting With Pathway-Directed Anticancer Therapies in Children and Adults: A VigiBase Disproportionality Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac monitoring in children receiving pathway-directed anticancer therapies is largely extrapolated from adult cardio-oncology practice. Developmental differences in cardiovascular physiology raise the possibility that treatment-related cardiovascular toxicity may not present similarly across ages. Whether the pattern of cardiovascular adverse events associated with these therapies differs between children and adults remains uncertain. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective pharmacovigilance study using VigiBase, the World Health Organization global database of individual case s

Prognostic Value of Biomarkers in Cancer Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have improved outcomes for several malignancies, but cancer patients face an increased risk of cardiovascular disease due to shared risk factors, similar biological mechanisms, and cardiotoxic side effects of therapy. Effective risk stratification strategies are urgently needed. OBJECTIVES: This study explored the association between the biomarkers with the risks of acute cardiovascular hospitalizations and death in cancer patients receiving ICI therapy. METHODS: We used electronic health records of patients treated with ICI who had available b

Временные тенденции и различия в показателях смертности от сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний среди взрослых с множественными миеломами в Соединенных Штатах, 1999-2023.

Новелловые лечебные агенты существенно улучшили выживание многих миэлома (ММ), в результате чего сердечно-сосудистые заболевания (КВД) стали основной причиной смертности, не связанной с раком. Потому что MM в основном затрагивает пожилых людей (средний возраст) 69 ) при повышенном сердечно-сосудистом риске мы сосредоточили внимание на взрослых ≥ 45 Годы. Комплексные национальные данные о временных тенденциях и демографических диспропорциях в смертности, связанной с КЖР, среди пациентов с ОМ остаются ограниченными. Methods Мы провели ретроспективный анализ с использованием данных базы данных CD

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… Therapy-related cardiotoxicity, particularly from PIs, constitutes a major contributor. … Jiang W Zhao W Huang H Strain-guided management of potentially cardiotoxic cancer therapy J Am Coll Cardiol 2021 77 22 2869 70 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.12.074 34082917 Jiang W, Zhao W, Huang H. Strain-guided management of potentially cardiotoxic cancer therapy. …

A systematic review and meta-analysis of human population studies on the association between exposure to toxic environmental chemicals and left ventricular dysfunction (LVD).

BACKGROUND: Exposure to environmental chemicals has been associated with an elevated risk of heart failure (HF). However, the impact on early markers of HF, such as left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), remains limited. OBJECTIVE: To establish a foundation of evidence regarding early HF markers and their association with environmental pollutants, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. METHODS: The search, conducted on October 13th, 2023, encompassed PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science without filters, focusing on observational studies reporting myocardial geometrical, structural,

Protein-protein interaction of LDH and CRP-1 with hematotoxin snake venom proteins of all species of snake: An in silico approach.

OBJECTIVE: Snake bite-induced elevation of serum LDH and CRP-1 is considered as useful biomarkers of hemotoxic. The snake venom contains proteins and may result in various envenomation such as bleeding, inflammation, and pain, cytotoxic, cardiotoxic, or neurotoxic effects. This in silico study was aimed to screen the snake venom proteins and to find out the most interactive hemotoxic venom protein against LDH and CRP-1 proteins as biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To validate the hypothesis of the prospective interaction of snake venom proteins, molecular docking analysis was used in the cur

[Core connotation of compatibility of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma herb pair under physiological/ pathological conditions based on metabolomics and network pharmacology].

This study aims to explore the core connotation of the compatibility of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata(Fuzi)-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizo … ding calcium and cAMP signaling pathways. The network of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma reducing the cardiotoxicity of Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata involved 36 metabolites, 59 targets, and 11 pathways, including adrenergic signaling and tricarboxylic acid cycle in cardiomyocytes. The experimental results of protein expression verified the reliability of the …

Late Sequelae of Radiotherapy—The Effect of Technical and Conceptual Innovations in Radiation Oncology.

BACKGROUND: Approximately half of all patients with tumors need radiotherapy. Long-term survivors may suffer from late sequelae of the treat … ron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET-CT) in radiation treatment planning. Cardiotoxicity has been reduced with regard to the risk of coronary heart disease after radiotherapy for Hodgkin's lymphoma (hazard ratio [HR] 0.44 [0.23; 0.85]). It was also found that the rate of radiation- induced pneumonitis dropped from 7.9% with conformal tr …

Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Induces Cardiac Dysfunction with Cardiac Lipid Overload and Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Protein Up-Regulation.

Heart failure is a major cause of death worldwide with insufficient treatment options. In the search for pathomechanisms, we found up-regulation of an enzyme, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (Scd1), in different experimental models of heart failure induced by advanced atherosclerosis, chronic pressure overload, and/or volume overload. Because the pathophysiological role of Scd1/SCD in heart failure is not clear, we investigated the impact of cardiac SCD upregulation through the generation of C57BL/6-Tg(MHCSCD)Sjaa mice with myocardium-specific expression of SCD. Echocardiographic examination showed

Perhexiline treatment improves toxic effects of β-adrenergic receptor stimulation in experimental peripartum cardiomyopathy.

AIMS: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a pregnancy-associated cardiomyopathy that occurs in previously heart-healthy women towards the end of pregnancy or in the first months after delivery and is characterized by heart failure due to systolic dysfunction. The clinical course of PPCM differs between mild symptoms and severe forms with acute heart failure complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS). Treatment of CS complicating PPCM is challenging, as β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation seems to be associated with progression of heart failure and adverse outcome. This experimental study aims

Changes in Cardiovascular Biomarkers With Breast Cancer Therapy and Associations With Cardiac Dysfunction.

Background We examined the longitudinal associations between changes in cardiovascular biomarkers and cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) in patients with breast cancer treated with cardotoxic cancer therapy. Methods and Results Repeated measures of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), myeloperoxidase, placental growth factor, and growth differentiation factor 15 were assessed longitudinally in a prospective cohort of 323 patients treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab followed over a maximum of 3.7 years w

Coronary artery myointimal dysplasia in patients with pheochromocytoma-possible causal relationship: pathophysiology and clinical implication with reference to Takotsubo cardiomyopathy and spontaneous coronary dissection.

Myocardial damage in catecholamine cardiomyopathy, characterized by patchy myocyte necrosis commonly with contraction band appearances, inte … ardiomyopathy, including Takotsubo or stress cardiomyopathy. Together with the direct catecholamine cardiotoxicity, they result in diffuse microscopic ischemic necrosis and fibrosis. Depending on the type of catecholamine overproduction and action, together with the characteristic anatomic distribution and density of the various types of adrenergic receptors in …

[Acute intoxication in adults - what you should know].

Ingestion of household products and plants are the leading cause for calls to the poison control centres as far as children are involved. Severe intoxication in children has become infrequent due to childproofed package and blister packs for drugs. Chemical accidents in adults give rise to hospital admission in only 5 %. Suicidal selfpoisonings are still a challenge for paramedics, emergency and hospital doctors. Natural toxins as amatoxins, cholchicine and snakebites can lead to severe intoxication. Sedatives, antidepressants and analgesics are the drugs which are often used for suicidal inte

Myocardial metabolism in toxin-induced heart failure and therapeutic implications.

BACKGROUND: Under normal conditions, myocardial metabolism is 60-80% reliant on the oxidation of fatty acids. This can be modified by conditions such as ischemia or poisoning with specific drugs, with the myocardium becoming more dependent on carbohydrate metabolism for energy. Acute poisoning with cardiotoxic drugs may be complicated by heart failure that is at present usually treated by inotropic drugs and vasopressors. However, changes in metabolic processes in poisoning may offer an opportunity for novel therapies. CURRENT EVIDENCE: The scientific evidence obtained from ischemia-reperfusi

The efficacy and safety of 30 mg fexofenadine HCl bid in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis is one of the most common chronic disorders in children. It is also one of the most common causes of absence from school. This study reports on the efficacy and safety of a twice-daily oral dose of fexofenadine HCl 30 mg in Asian children aged 6-11 years diagnosed with seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis. A total of 100 children with a history of allergic rhinitis for more than one year and a positive prick skin test response to at least one of the common aeroallergens in Thailand were enrolled in this multi-center, open-label, non comparative study. The severity of indiv

Parameter estimation in longitudinal studies with outcome-dependent follow-up.

In many observational studies, individuals are measured repeatedly over time, although not necessarily at a set of prespecified occasions. Instead, individuals may be measured at irregular intervals, with those having a history of poorer health outcomes being measured with somewhat greater frequency and regularity; i.e., those individuals with poorer health outcomes may have more frequent follow-up measurements and the intervals between their repeated measurements may be shorter. In this article, we consider estimation of regression parameters in models for longitudinal data where the follow-u

The efficacy and safety of fexofenadine HCl and pseudoephedrine, alone and in combination, in seasonal allergic rhinitis.

BACKGROUND: Antihistamines effectively treat seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), although the ability of this drug class to reduce nasal congestion is limited. Nasal decongestants effectively treat nasal congestion but not the histamine-related components of SAR. Therefore antihistamine/nasal decongestant combinations are commonly used to maximize the treatment of SAR. Fexofenadine HCl is a nonsedating, long-acting H1 receptor antagonist that provides fast and effective relief from SAR. It is well tolerated, with no sedative or cardiotoxic effects. OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the efficacy a

Stress echocardiography beyond coronary artery disease.

Doppler echocardiography has become the major diagnostic tool of evaluation of valvular heart disease and the cardiomyopathies because of its ability to provide valuable haemodynamic information accurately and non-invasively. It is therefore ideally suited for haemodynamic stress testing in these patients. In aortic stenosis, dobutamine echocardiography can distinguish severe from non-severe stenosis in patients with depressed left ventricular function, low transvalvular gradients, and a relatively small (flow-related) valve area at baseline. Patients with non-severe aortic stenosis increase c

Escalation of Resting Heart Rate and Tachycardia as a Response to Thoracic Radiotherapy: Implications for Cardiovascular Outcomes after Radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Cardiac toxicity is a well-recognized, but poorly understood complication of radiotherapy (RT). In non-oncological settings, there is an established relationship between resting heart rate and cardiovascular health. OBJECTIVES: To study the incidence and pattern of resting heart rate (rHR) as an early sign of cardiotoxicity among patients with non-metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with RT. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed serial rHR measurements of consecutive patients with locally advanced NSCLC treated with definitive chemoradiation (CRT) over 6-7 weeks …