Результаты поиска

Circulating biosignatures in multiple myeloma and their role in multidrug resistance.

A major obstacle to chemotherapeutic success in cancer treatment is the development of drug resistance. This occurs when a tumour fails to reduce in size after treatment or when there is clinical relapse after an initial positive response to treatment. A unique and serious type of resistance is multidrug resistance (MDR). MDR causes the simultaneous cross resistance to unrelated drugs used in chemotherapy. MDR can be acquired through genetic alterations following drug exposure, or as discovered by us, through alternative pathways mediated by the transfer of functional MDR proteins and nucleic

Hyaluronic Acid as a Modern Approach in Anticancer Therapy-Review.

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a linear polysaccharide and crucial component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), maintaining tissue hydration and tension. Moreover, HA contributes to embryonic development, healing, inflammation, and cancerogenesis. This review summarizes new research on the metabolism and interactions of HA with its binding proteins, known as hyaladherins (CD44, RHAMM), revealing the molecular basis for its distinct biological function in the development of cancer. The presence of HA on the surface of tumor cells is a sign of an adverse prognosis. The involvement of HA in malignancy h

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… It is extruded by the ABC transporter across the cell membrane into the extracellular space [ 30 ]. HAS1 is the least active enzyme producing HA, and its role in health and disease remains relatively poorly understood [ 31 ]. …

New Insights Into the Role of Neutrophils in Lymphoma.

Under physiological conditions, neutrophils exhibit remarkable tissue surveillance capabilities, infiltrating interstitial spaces within secondary lymphoid organs such as lymph nodes and spleen, and even actively patrolling nodal tissues. These observations provide groundbreaking insight into the functional heterogeneity of neutrophils while offering new perspectives on the tumor microenvironment (TME) in lymphomas. A critical question arises: what roles might these specialized, lymphoid tissue-resident neutrophils play in lymphomagenesis through their unique phenotypic and functional adaptati

Landscape of small nucleic acid therapeutics: moving from the bench to the clinic as next-generation medicines.

The ability of small nucleic acids to modulate gene expression via a range of processes has been widely explored. Compared with conventional treatments, small nucleic acid therapeutics have the potential to achieve long-lasting or even curative effects via gene editing. As a result of recent technological advances, efficient small nucleic acid delivery for therapeutic and biomedical applications has been achieved, accelerating their clinical translation. Here, we review the increasing number of small nucleic acid therapeutic classes and the most common chemical modifications and delivery platf

Corticosteroid-associated osteonecrosis in paediatric compared with adult patients: are they the same disease?

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a debilitating condition with a poorly characterized pathogenesis. Among the reported aetiologies, excessive alcohol consumption and corticosteroid administration are leading causes. Corticosteroids are often administered as a life-saving treatment for primary oncological or autoimmune conditions, but the subsequent development of ONFH can significantly impair the quality of life of both paediatric and adult patients. This review provides a comprehensive summary and critical analysis of recent advances in the understanding of corticosteroid-associate

A novel application perspective of the clinical-used drug verapamil on osteoporosis via targeting Txnip.

BACKGROUND: RANKL and SCLEROSTIN antibodies have provided a strong effective choice for treating osteoporosis in the past years, which suggested novel molecular target identification and therapeutic strategies development are important for the treatment of osteoporosis. The therapeutic effect of verapamil, a drug previously used for cardiovascular diseases, on diabetes was due to the inhibition of TXNIP expression, which has also been reported as a target in mice osteoporosis. Whether verapamil-inhibited TXNIP expression is related to osteoporosis and how it works on the molecular level is wor

Management of Long Bones Metastatic Disease: Concepts That We All Know but Not Always Remember.

Bones are the third most common site of metastatic disease. Treatment is rarely curative; rather, it seeks to control disease progression and palliate symptoms. Imaging evaluation of a patient with symptoms of metastatic bone disease should begin with plain X-rays. Further imaging consists of a combination of (PET)-CT scan and bone scintigraphy. We recommend performing a biopsy after imaging workup has been conducted. Metastatic bone disease is managed with a combination of systemic treatment, radiotherapy (RT), and surgery. External beam RT (EBRT) is used for pain control and postoperatively

Controlled Drug Delivery Systems for Oral Cancer Treatment-Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), which encompasses the oral cavity-derived malignancies, is a devastating disease causing substantial morbidity and mortality in both men and women. It is the most common subtype of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which is ranked the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Despite promising advancements in the conventional therapeutic approaches currently available for patients with oral cancer, many drawbacks are still to be addressed; surgical resection leads to permanent disfigurement, altered sense of self and debilitating physiologica

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Exosomes Exosomes are membranous vesicles with sizes between 40–120 nm that are secreted by different cells, such as dendritic cells, macrophages, mesenchymal stem cells, endothelial, and epithelial cells, into the extracellular space [ 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 ]. …

New players in the landscape of renal cell carcinoma bone metastasis and therapeutic opportunities.

Approximately one-third of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients develop osteolytic bone metastases, leading to skeletal complications. In this review, we first provide a comprehensive perspective of seminal studies on bone metastasis of RCC describing the main molecular modulators and growth factor signaling pathways most important for the RCC-stimulated osteoclast-mediated bone destruction. We next focus on newer developments revealing with in-depth details, the bidirectional interplay between renal cancer cells and the immune and stromal microenvironment that can through epigenetic r

Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids on Tumor Microenvironment: A Molecular Switch in Neoplasia Transformation.

The efficacy of chemotherapy depends on the tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment consists of a complex cellular network that can exert both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on tumor genesis. Given the increasing interest in the effectiveness of cannabis, cannabinoids have gained much attention as a potential chemotherapy drug. Cannabinoids are a group of marker compounds found in Cannabis sativa L., more commonly known as marijuana, a psychoactive drug used since ancient times for pain management. Although the anticancer potential of C. sativa, has been recognized previously, increa

Spinal lesions: a comprehensive radiologic overview.

Spinal lesions encompass a diverse range of pathologies, including primary and secondary tumors, infectious processes, vascular malformations, traumatic injuries, and degenerative conditions, each with distinct imaging characteristics crucial for accurate diagnosis and management. Imaging plays vital roles in assessing lesion morphology, anatomical localization, and neurological impact, guiding clinical decision-making and therapeutic planning. This review systematically explores spinal lesions based on their anatomical compartments, highlighting key radiological features and providing a compr

Cardiac Amyloidosis: A Narrative Review of Diagnostic Advances and Emerging Therapies.

Background/Objectives: Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an underdiagnosed and potentially life-threatening infiltrative cardiomyopathy characterized by the extracellular deposition of misfolded amyloid fibrils in cardiac tissue. It is most commonly associated with light-chain (AL) amyloidosis and transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis, either hereditary or wild-type. The disease often presents with non-specific symptoms, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, diagnostic strategies, and current therapeutic approaches for card

Defining diagnostic trajectories in patients with podocytopathies.

Podocytopathies are glomerular disorders in which podocyte injury drives proteinuria and progressive kidney disease. They encompass a broad spectrum of aetiologies, resulting in pathological pictures of minimal-changes, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, diffuse mesangial sclerosis or collapsing glomerulopathy. Despite improvement in classifying podocytopathies as a distinct group of disorders, the histological definition fails to capture the relevant biological heterogeneity underlying each case, manifesting as extensive variability in disease progression and response to therapies. Increasin

Mitochondrial metabolism as a potential therapeutic target in myeloid leukaemia.

While the understanding of the genomic aberrations that underpin chronic and acute myeloid leukaemia (CML and AML) has allowed the development of therapies for these diseases, limitations remain. These become apparent when looking at the frequency of treatment resistance leading to disease relapse in leukaemia patients. Key questions regarding the fundamental biology of the leukaemic cells, such as their metabolic dependencies, are still unresolved. Even though a majority of leukaemic cells are killed during initial treatment, persistent leukaemic stem cells (LSCs) and therapy-resistant cells

Lymph node metastasis in cancer progression: molecular mechanisms, clinical significance and therapeutic interventions.

Lymph nodes (LNs) are important hubs for metastatic cell arrest and growth, immune modulation, and secondary dissemination to distant sites through a series of mechanisms, and it has been proved that lymph node metastasis (LNM) is an essential prognostic indicator in many different types of cancer. Therefore, it is important for oncologists to understand the mechanisms of tumor cells to metastasize to LNs, as well as how LNM affects the prognosis and therapy of patients with cancer in order to provide patients with accurate disease assessment and effective treatment strategies. In recent years

Роль CD20+T клеток в раннем множественном склерозе.

Релапсирующий множественный склероз (RRMS) — хроническое иммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризующееся эпизодическими рецидивами неврологических симптомов. Ранняя диагностика и лечение пациентов имеют ключевое значение для предотвращения рецидивов и необратимого ущерба для ЦНС. Вместе с тем развитие методов лечения, ориентированных на ранние МЗ, сдерживается отсутствием знаний о патогенезе ранней МЗ. В RRMS повреждение нервной ткани вызывается иммунными клетками CNS, в том числе Т. Таким образом, цель этого исследования заключалась в изучении ранних случаев инфильтр

ISEV2020 Резюме

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Integumentary System

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Current Status and Perspectives of Protease Inhibitors and Their Combination with Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Cancer Therapy.

In cancer treatments, many natural and synthetic products have been examined; among them, protease inhibitors are promising candidates for anti-cancer agents. Since dysregulated proteolytic activities can contribute to tumor development and metastasis, antagonization of proteases with tailored inhibitors is an encouraging approach. Although adverse effects of early designs of these inhibitors disappeared after the introduction of next-generation agents, most of the proposed inhibitors did not pass the early stages of clinical trials due to their nonspecific toxicity and lack of pharmacological

Amyloidosis with Cardiac Involvement: Identification, Characterization, and Management.

Purpose of reviewAmyloidosis is a protein deposition disease whereby a variety of precursor proteins form insoluble fibrils that deposit in tissues, causing organ dysfunction and, many times, death. Accurate characterization of the disease based on the nature of the precursor protein, organ involvement, and extent of disease is paramount to guide management. Cardiac amyloidosis is critical to understand because of its impact on prognosis and new treatment options available.Recent findingsNew imaging methods have proven to be considerably valuable in the identification of cardiac amyloid infilt

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Classic LVH is characterized by myocyte hypertrophy; however, cardiac amyloidosis is caused by deposition of amyloid fibrils in the extracellular space, thus producing a marked increase in the extracellular volume. …