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Практические рекомендации в отношении инфекционных профилактических мероприятий и вакцинации нескольких пациентов, страдающих миэломой.

Инфекции по-прежнему являются одной из основных причин заболеваемости и смертности во множестве миеломы (ММ), обусловленной взаимосвязью между иммунной дисфункцией, вызванной болезнями, и иммунодепрессией, связанной с лечением. Внедрение протеазных ингибиторов, иммуномодуляционных препаратов, моноклонных антител, биконкретных антител и химеорической антигенной рецепторной терапии Т (CAR-T) заметно улучшило выживание при одновременном изменении ландшафта инфекционных рисков. Различные стратегии обращения ставят под угрозу иммунитет в рамках различных механизмов. Обычная химиотерапия и некоторые

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Infections remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in multiple myeloma (MM), driven by the interplay between disease-induced immune … eening, antimicrobial and antifungal prophylaxis, antiviral strategies, immunoglobulin replacement, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use, and vaccination. Emphasis is placed on bispecific antibodies and CAR-T cell therapies, where infectious risk is greatest and prophylactic strategies are evolving most rapidly. Immunoglobulin replacement is highlighted as an increasingly relevan …

Microbiome-derived metabolites from vitamin B2 and B9 pathways modulate MAIT cells from multiple sclerosis patients.

BACKGROUND: Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells recognize microbial vitamin B2 and B9 metabolites via MR1 and have been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS). How patient-specific gut microbiota shape human MAIT-cell pathogenicity at the clonal level remains unknown. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We generated 62 MAIT-cell clones from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and 50 from healthy controls (HCs). Clones were stimulated with riboflavin- or folate-pathway metabolites, paraformaldehyde-fixed patient-matched gut bacterial isolates, or interleukin (IL)-12/IL-18. Activati

Navigating Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in a Patient With Myelodysplastic Syndromes Transitioning to Acute Myeloid Leukemia Post Transplant: A Case Study.

We present a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis with UL97 resistance in a patient undergoing treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), highlighting the complex interplay between hematological malignancies and CMV management. A 49-year-old female patient with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with 4.5% blasts and TP53 mutations ((variant allele frequency (VAF)) 5.2%) underwent an allogeneic stem cell transplant complicated by acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) and subsequent CMV viremia. Her UL97 resistance posed significant challenges to CMV management, necessitating a transition from

The impact of romiplostim use for chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia on immediate and long-term outcomes in gynecologic malignancies.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the use of romiplostim, a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, to treat chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) in gynecologic malignancies. METHODS: A retrospective study of patients with gynecologic malignancies who received romiplostim between 2008 and 2024 at a single institution. Response to romiplostim was defined as a platelet count of at least 75 × 109/L and an increase in platelet count by at least 30,000/μL 3-4 weeks after romiplostim initiation. Patient characteristics and outcomes were compared between responders and non-responders. RESULTS: Of 147 patient

Evaluation of efficacy of GCSF in reducing neutropenia among carcinoma patients undergoing anti-cancer chemotherapy. A prospective cohort study.

The use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) to control febrile neutropenia (FN) caused by anti-cancer chemotherapy is well documented but it still needs to evaluated with respect to the specific type of cancer and chemotherapeutic agents. The present study evaluates the efficacy of adjunctive GCSF for treating FN after taking anticancer therapy by measuring clinical, hematological and microbiological outcomes. It is a single center study conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC), Peshawar, Pakistan. Adult patients of both genders, suffering from different types of sarcomas and t…

Higher levels of urinary extracellular vesicles and immune mediators are related to acute infection severity during the post-COVID period.

INTRODUCTION: We investigated circulating and urinary inflammatory mediators and extracellular vesicles (EVs) in association with clinical and laboratory findings during the post-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) period. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with individuals with history of COVID-19 stratified according to the presence of post-COVID condition (PCC) and hospitalization during the acute phase. Circulating and urinary levels of 27 inflammatory mediators were quantified by multiplex assays. EVs were isolated by differential centrifugation and assessed by nanoscale flow

Antibody Responses Elicited by Vaccination with Recombinant LaSota Virus Expressing IBV Spike in Chickens with Maternal Antibodies.

Vaccination with a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) LaSota (LS) strain expressing Arkansas (Ark) -type infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) spike ectodomain (Se) protein and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GMCSF) (rLS/ArkSe.GMCSF, where rLS stands for recombinant LS) was evaluated in chickens of commercial origin with NDV and IBV maternally derived antibodies (MDAs). Chickens were vaccinated ocularly with rLS/ArkSe.GMCSF at either 2, 8, 15, or 30 days of age (DOA). Control chickens were vaccinated with the rLS virus (not expressing IBV SE or GMCSF) on the same days. Spe

Machine learning-based prediction of G-CSF-induced hematopoietic stem cell mobilization outcomes in healthy volunteers.

Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSC-T) has been established as a fundamental therapeutic intervention for a wide range of hematological malignancies and disorders, with a proven record of efficacy spanning over five decades. Peripheral blood (PB) has become the haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) source of choice, surpassing bone marrow, owing to its cost-effectiveness, reduced invasiveness, higher cell yields, and shorter hospitalizations. Clinically, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration is the standard procedure for inducing HSC mobilization. Nevertheless, a sign

Current Evidence on Cabazitaxel for Prostate Cancer Therapy: A Narrative Review.

The incidence of prostate cancer (PC) has recently increased in Japan. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been a key treatment in patien … cabazitaxel (particularly, the incidence of neutropenia) can be managed through prophylactic use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, as well as a lower dosage and possibly variation of the dosage interval. However, a certain dose intensity is required because neutropenia has been identified as a potential prognostic indicator for treatment effectiveness. In the ARSI era for mCSP …

Cobalt protoporphyrin IX induces transient, dose- and time-dependent granulocyte mobilization with mild metabolic effects in mice.

BACKGROUND: Recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the most commonly used agent for treating neutropenia and mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for transplantation. However, some patients do not respond effectively to the currently used mobilization protocols. To address this, new therapeutic approaches are needed. A potential strategy is pharmacological induction of endogenous mobilizing factors via cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPP). CoPP mobilizes HSCs and granulocytes by increasing endogenous G-CSF, though optimal dosing and potential side effects remain unclear.…

Etoposide + cytarabine + pegfilgrastim versus cyclophosphamide + G-CSF for stem cell mobilization in patients with poorly mobilized multiple myeloma and lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: In multiple myeloma (MM) or lymphoma with poor mobilization, the combination of etoposide, cytarabine (Ara-C), and pegfilgrastim (EAP) appears to have higher mobilization efficacy than cyclophosphamide (Cy) plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (CG) regimens. The purpose of this study was to examine whether there were differences in efficacy and toxicity between the two mobilization regimens. METHODS: All data were collected from Department of Hematology at the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University from May 2016 to March 2023. And data from EAP regimen wer…

The immune checkpoint pathophysiology of depression and chronic fatigue syndrome due to preeclampsia: focus on sCD80 and sCTLA-4.

BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric disorders in preeclampsia (PE) women are prevalent and worsen PE outcome. Immune-related biomarkers including soluble sCD80 and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (sCTLA-4) are not well studied in relation to depression, anxiety, and chronic fatigue due to PE. METHODS: The aim is to study serum immune-inflammatory biomarkers of PE and delineate their associations with the Hamilton Depression (HAMD), Anxiety (HAMA), and Fibro-Fatigue (FF) rating Scale scores. sCD80, sCTLA-4, vitamin D, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, zinc, copper, magnesium, and cal

Pharmacological Strategies for the Management of Severe Alcohol-associated Hepatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is a severe form of alcohol-associated liver disease, with a short-term mortality of up … corticosteroids plus N-acetylcysteine over corticosteroids alone (RR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.16‒0.78), for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor combined plus pentoxifylline over pentoxifylline alone (RR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.13‒0.54), and metadoxine combined with corticosteroids over corticosteroids alone (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.25‒0.90) or pentoxifylline (RR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.26‒0.96). The certaint …

WITHDRAWN: Characterization of Interstitial Lung Disease Subtypes by Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cytokine Profiles: A Cluster-Based Approach.

OBJECTIVE: To identify subgroups of ILD based on BALF cytokine profiles using cluster analysis and explore their clinical relevance and relationship with traditional disease classification, with particular focus on rheumatoid arthritis-associated ILD (RA-ILD). METHODS: We reanalyzed the BALF cytokine dataset. BALF samples were collected from 84 patients with various types of ILDs, including 14 with IPF, 18 with NSIP, 6 with organizing pneumonia, 17 with sarcoidosis, 19 with myositis-associated ILD, and 10 with RA-ILD. A multiplex bead assay was used to measure the levels of the 17 cytokines.

Novel use of hyperbaric oxygen treatment for treatment-resistant disseminated Saksenaea and Fusarium in a patient on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a case report.

Filamentous soil moulds such as Saksenaea and Fusarium are angioinvasive fungi responsible for severe disseminated infections. Saksenaea causes zygomycosis, with disseminated cases having over ninety percent mortality. Fusarium, a hyphomycetes mould, can also cause disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals, with high mortality. We describe the case of a normally healthy 20-year-old male who survived major traumatic injuries resulting from an aviation incident. He subsequently developed disseminated cutaneous zygomycetes (Saksenaea) and Fusarium infection with associated immunosu

Healthcare resource use and clinical events associated with neutropenia among adult kidney transplant recipients receiving valganciclovir or ganciclovir prophylaxis: a matched case-control cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus prophylaxis with valganciclovir and ganciclovir is associated with increased neutropenia risk in kidney transplant recipients. This study assessed the association between neutropenia and short-term healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and clinical events for adults receiving valganciclovir and/or ganciclovir prophylaxis post-kidney transplantation in the United States. METHODS: Adult kidney transplant recipients from 2012 to 2020 who received valganciclovir and/or ganciclovir prophylaxis were identified in the TriNetX database. Patients with a neutropenia event d

Enhanced MAPK signaling induced by CSF3R mutants confers dependence to DUSP1 for leukemic transformation.

Elevated MAPK and the JAK-STAT signaling play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of chronic neutrophilic leukemia and atypical chronic myeloi … vival while dampening the apoptotic stimuli. Herein, we demonstrate that enhanced MAPK signaling in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 3 receptor (CSF3R)-driven leukemia upregulates the expression of dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) to suppress the apoptotic stimuli crucial for leukemogenesis. Consequently, genetic deletion of Dusp1 in mice conferred synthetic lethality to CS …

Effects of Intrauterine Infusion of G-CSF and HCG on Peripheral Blood Treg and Pregnancy Outcome in Patients with Thin Endometrium Undergoing Frozen-thawed Embryo Transfer.

BACKGROUND: Patients with thin endometrium undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer often encounter challenges with pregnancy outcomes. Enhancing endometrial receptivity and immune tolerance may improve these outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of intrauterine perfusion of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) on regulatory T cells (Tregs) and pregnancy outcomes in patients with thin endometrium undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer. METHODS: 150 patients with thin endometrium were randomly assigned to three groups: a control grou…

Evaluation of Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitors as Potential Therapies for ELANE Associated Neutropenia.

Neutrophil elastase (ELANE) mutations are the most common cause of cyclic (CyN) and congenital neutropenia (SCN), two autosomal dominant disorders causing recurrent infections due to impaired neutrophil production. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) corrects neutropenia but has adverse effects, including bone pain and in some cases, an increased risk of myelodysplasia (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an alternative but is limited by its complications and donor availability. Alternative therapies are needed, particularly for patients …

The Effect of High Intensity Interval Exercise on Platelet Engraftment in Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT).

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a frequent complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Although platelet transfusion … ercise capacity, patients in the HIIE group performed a graded exercise test. All patients received granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for 5 days, followed by a HIIE trial. After 5 min warm up at 10 to 20% of peak power, patients in the HIIE group performed an HIIE protocol that included 12 intervals of one-minute work at 100% peak power interspersed by one-minute active rest at 20 …