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Initial management of necrotizing external otitis: errors to avoid.

OBJECTIVES: Diagnostic and therapeutic practice guidelines have been established for classical forms of benign otitis externa. However, these guidelines do not include unusual forms of the disease, especially "invasive" otitis externa. No consensual diagnostic flow diagram has been published in the literature, which frequently results in delayed diagnosis and inappropriate primary care management. The objective of this study was to analyse the primary care management practices of malignant otitis externa (MOE). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 22 cases of MOE managed in our tertia

West Nile virus infection in a teenage boy with acute lymphocytic leukemia in remission.

West Nile Virus (WNV) infection is an important cause of encephalitis. Although the medical literature contains examples of WNV encephalitis in susceptible, mainly elderly, immunocompromised hosts, few case reports have described pediatric cases. The authors describe an adolescent with acute lymphocytic leukemia and WNV encephalitis. Surveillance studies indicate an increase in WNV activity. Physicians need to be aware of WNV activity in their community and consider WNV as a potential source of infection.

Evaluating the Use of Meropenem in Hematologic Patients with Febrile Neutropenia: A Retrospective Observational Single-Cohort Study.

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… This study aims to determine the frequency of bacteria resistant to ceftazidime, piperacillin/ tazobactam, and meropenem in diagnostic cultures in haematology patients admitted with febrile neutropenia to our hospital. … Our antibiotics of interest were ceftazidime, piperacillin/ tazobactam, and meropenem. Only the first diagnostic blood and urine samples, taken after the occurrence of fever, were included in the results. …

Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in humans, animals and the environment in Northwest Amhara, Ethiopia.

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing K. pneumoniae (ESBL-PKP) and carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae (CPKP) are major causes of life-t … = 5) were MDR. Nearly all (40/43, 93%) CPKP isolates were resistant to the last-resort antibiotics, ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem-vaborbactam. Neonates had higher odds of culture-positive K. pneumoniae compared with adults aged 18-49 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 27.79, 95% CI: 3.47-222.42, p = 0.002). The high prevalence of ESBL-PKP and CPKP in hum …

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiles of Salmonella enterica serotypes isolated from necropsied horses in Kentucky.

UNLABELLED: Salmonella is a foodborne pathogen that poses a significant threat to global public health. It affects several animal species, i … were identified as multidrug-resistant (MDR), with resistance to gentamicin, amikacin, ampicillin, ceftazidime, ceftiofur, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. We found that beta-lactamase-producing genes blaTEM, blaCTXM, and blaSHV2 were identified in 11.5% of the isolates, while only 3.8% carried the blaOXA-9 gene. The presence of MDR pathog …

Changing Trends in Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Bloodstream Infection (BSI) in Secondary Care Hospitals of India.

Introduction Bloodstream infection (BSI) and subsequent sepsis are life-threatening medical conditions. The onset of antimicrobial resistanc … enem resistance in 63.3% and colistin resistance in 14% of cases. Among the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, ceftazidime resistance was identified in 61.2%, piperacillin-tazobactam resistance in 55%, carbapenem resistance in 32.8%, and colistin resistance in 38.3% of cases. Among the Acinetobacter spp., piperacillin-tazobactam resistance was identified in 72.7%, carba …

Antibiotic regimens for early-onset neonatal sepsis.

BACKGROUND: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is the third leading cause of neonatal mortality globally consti … s gentamicin; one trial compared piperacillin with ampicillin plus amikacin; and one trial compared ceftazidime with benzylpenicillin plus gentamicin. None of the five comparisons found any evidence of a difference when assessing all-cause mortality, serious adverse events, circulatory support, nephrotoxicity, neurological developmental impairment, or necroti …

The Infectious and Noninfectious Dermatological Consequences of Flooding: A Field Manual for the Responding Provider.

Meteorological data show that disastrous floods are increasingly frequent and more severe in recent years, perhaps due to climatic changes s … a variety of skin findings or as a nonspecific febrile illness, and preferred treatment consists of ceftazidime or a carbapenem with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) for 2 weeks, then continuing TMP/SMX for at least 3 months. Leptospirosis is a waterborne zoonosis that is often prevalent after heavy rains or flooding. Different forms exist, including F …

[An analysis of resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens isolated from 13 teaching hospitals in 2011].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogen profile of nosocomial infection in China, and to survey the susceptibility rates of these pathogens t … xacin were about 90% or above. Susceptibility rates of B. cepacia to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ceftazidime and meropenem were all 100%. Several P.aeruginosa and A. baumannii strains were resistant to all tested antibiotics except polymyxin B. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogen profile is different in different types of infection. The prevalence of multi-drug res …

Silver nanoparticles in therapeutics: development of an antimicrobial gel formulation for topical use.

Silver is an effective antimicrobial agent with low toxicity, which is important especially in the treatment of burn wounds where transient … tion of SNP with commonly used antibiotics was investigated, the observed effects were synergistic (ceftazidime), additive (streptomycin, kanamycin, ampiclox, polymyxin B) and antagonistic (chloramphenicol). Interestingly, SNP exhibited good anti-inflammatory properties as indicated by concentration-dependent inhibition of marker enzymes (matrix metalloprotei …

Post-intravitreal injection endophthalmitis secondary to Turicella otitidis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Endophthalmitis is a rare but potentially devastating complication of intravitreal injection. The causative organism plays an important role in prognosis following endophthalmitis. Here we present the first reported case of Turicella otitidis endophthalmitis, which is notable for a delayed presentation. CASE PRESENTATION: A 71 year old male who was receiving intravitreal aflibercept injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration presented 4 weeks after his most recent intravitreal injection and was found to have endophthalmitis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing

Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain 1128105, the first known clinical isolate possessing the cfr multidrug resistance gene.

The Cfr methyltransferase confers resistance to six classes of drugs which target the peptidyl transferase center of the 50S ribosomal subunit, including some oxazolidinones, such as linezolid (LZD). The mobile cfr gene was identified in European veterinary isolates from the late 1990s, although the earliest report of a clinical cfr-positive strain was the 2005 Colombian methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolate CM05. Here, through retrospective analysis of LZD(r) clinical strains from a U.S. surveillance program, we identified a cfr-positive MRSA isolate, 1128105, from Januar

Strain-specific outer membrane vesicle-mediated transfer of a blaOXA-24-like plasmid in Acinetobacter baumannii restricts cross-species dissemination.

The rapid rise of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp. poses a major global health threat. In Acinetobacter spp., carbapenem resistance is … ct supernatant transfer at 3.2 × 10⁻⁸ transformants per CFU, and conferred resistance to meropenem, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone/sulbactam. Transfer was strictly donor-specific, with no transmission observed across 13 non-A. baumannii strains, and recipient strains failed to retransmit the plasmid, indicating a strong cross-species barrier and a non-reciproc …

Bacterial, Antimicrobial, and Clinical Profile of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolates From Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) are a major cause of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care uni … resistance was high for meropenem (96, 95.05%), netilmicin (94, 93.07%), amikacin (93, 92.08%), and ceftazidime (92, 91.09%). In contrast, nitrofurantoin showed the lowest resistance (5, 11.63%) and the highest susceptibility (38, 88.37%) among urine isolates. The second most effective antimicrobial combination was piperacillin/tazobactam, with susceptibility …

Cefepime-Taniborbactam: A Novel Cephalosporin/β-Lactamase Inhibitor Combination.

Taniborbactam (formerly known as VNRX-5133) is a novel bicyclic boronate β-lactamase inhibitor of serine β-lactamases (SBLs) [Ambler classes A, C, and D] and metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) [Ambler class B], including NDM and VIM, but not IMP. Cefepime-taniborbactam is active in vitro against most isolates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA), including both carbapenemase-producing and carbapenemase-non-producing CRE and CRPA, as well as against multidrug-resistant (MDR), ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant, meropenem-vaborbactam-resista…

Occurrence, molecular characterization, and antimicrobial susceptibility of sorbitol non-fermenting Escherichia coli in lake water, fish and humans in central Oromia, Ethiopia.

Contaminated lake water and fish can be sources of bacterial pathogens of public health concern, including pathogenic E. coli. Within Ethiop … humans). Most isolates were resistant to ampicillin (100%), tetracycline (100%), cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime (100%), meropenem (100%), nalidixic acid (93.1%) and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (79.3%). Majority of the strains were resistant to chloramphenicol (58.6%) and ciprofloxacin (48.3%), while small fraction showed resistance to azithromycin (3.45%). …

Antimicrobial resistance profile of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, adenosine-monophosphate-cyclic, and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria isolated from domestic animals.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: The production of beta-lactamase enzymes, such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), adenosine-monophosphate-cycli … resistance against clindamycin, penicillin, imipenem, polymyxin, cefoxitin, gentamycin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cephalothin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. The best effectiveness rates were observed for cefepime, streptomycin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, aztreonam, nalidixic acid, tobramycin, levofl …

[Analysis of the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of non-fermenting bacterial infection in intensive care unit from 2009 to 2015].

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of non-fermenting bacterial infection in intensive care unit (ICU) … ourth-generation cephalmsporins cefepime (58.3％-87.7％)and third-generation cephalmsporins was high (ceftazidime:55.6％-79.3％,piperacillin-tazobactam:62.5％-86.2％,cefoperazone-sulbactam:46.0％-89.8％).From 2009 to 2015,the incidence of MDR strains of Acinetobacter baumannii showed an obvious increasing tendency (from 68.0％ to 84.1％);in contrast, the incidence of M …

[Accurate diagnosis of Pseudomonas luteola in routine microbiology laboratory: on the occasion of two isolates].

Pseudomonas luteola which was previously known as Chryseomonas luteola; is a gram-negative, non-fermentative, aerobic, motile, non-spore-for … erieux, France) revealed that the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, meropenem, colistin and levofloxacin. Accurate and prompt identification of P.luteola which is identified as a rare pathogen in serious cases is of critical importance since it has been suggested that this organism is likely to become mor …