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Characterization of Portulaca oleracea Whole Plant: Evaluating Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial, and Antiviral Activities and Application as Quality Enhancer in Yogurt.

Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is rich in phenolic compounds, protein, and iron. This study aims to produce functional yogurt with enhanced antioxidant, anticancer, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties by including safe purslane extract in yogurt formulation; the yogurt was preserved for 30 days at 4 °C, and then biochemical fluctuations were monitored. The purslane extract (PuE) had high phenolic compounds and flavonoids of 250 and 56 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, PuE had considerable antioxidant activity, which scavenged 93% of DPPH˙, inhibited the viability of MCF-7, HCT, and HeLa ce

Regulation of human Cripto-1 expression by nuclear receptors and DNA promoter methylation in human embryonal and breast cancer cells.

Human Cripto-1 (CR-1) plays an important role in regulating embryonic development while also regulating various stages of tumor progression. However, mechanisms that regulate CR-1 expression during embryogenesis and tumorigenesis are still not well defined. In the present study, we investigated the effects of two nuclear receptors, liver receptor homolog (LRH)-1 and germ cell nuclear factor receptor (GCNF) and epigenetic modifications on CR-1 gene expression in NTERA-2 human embryonal carcinoma cells and in breast cancer cells. CR-1 expression in NTERA-2 cells was positively regulated by LRH-1

Advances in delivery methods of Arthrospira platensis (spirulina) for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Arthrospira platensis (A. platensis) aqueous extract has massive amounts of natural products that can be used as future drugs, such as C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, etc. This extract was chosen because of its high adaptability, which reflects its resolute genetic composition. The proactive roles of cyanobacteria, particularly in the medical field, have been discussed in this review, including the history, previous food and drug administration (FDA) reports, health benefits and the various dose-dependent therapeutic functions that A. platensis possesses, including its role in fighting against

Valproic acid potentiates the anticancer activity of capecitabine in vitro and in vivo in breast cancer models via induction of thymidine phosphorylase expression.

The prognosis of patients with metastatic breast cancer remains poor, and thus novel therapeutic approaches are needed. Capecitabine, which is commonly used for metastatic breast cancer in different settings, is an inactive prodrug that takes advantage of elevated levels of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), a key enzyme that is required for its conversion to 5-fluororacil, in tumors. We demonstrated that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi), including low anticonvulsant dosage of VPA, induced the dose- and time-dependent up-regulation of TP transcript and protein expression in breast cancer cell

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… TP mRNA expression was evaluated by qRealTime-PCR in untreated MCF-7 cells and MCF-7 cells that were treated with increased doses of VPA for 6 or 10 hours. B. MCF-7 cells that were untreated or treated with VPA (2.5 mM) and/or actinomycin D (1μg/mL) for 10 hours. … The expression levels of TP and TS mRNA were evaluated by qRealTime-PCR in untreated MCF-7 cells and in MCF-7 cells that were untreated or treated with selective HDACi at the indicated concentrations for 24 hours. …

Long non-coding RNA LINC00968 attenuates drug resistance of breast cancer cells through inhibiting the Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway by regulating WNT2.

BackgroundBreast cancer is one the most common cancers, making it the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), with tightly regulated expression patterns, also serve as tumor suppressor during tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of LINC00968 in breast cancer via WNT2-mediated Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway.MethodsBreast cancer chip GSE26910 was utilized to identify differential expression in LINC00968 and WNT2. The possible relationship among LINC00968, transcriptional repressor HEY and WNT2 was analyzed and then verif

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… -7 cells and drug-resistant MCF-7/ADM cells after transduction. … More importantly, our findings suggest that either the overexpression of LINC00968 and or silencing of WNT2 could alleviate drug resistance of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. …

Regulation of Mucin 1 and multidrug resistance protein 1 by honokiol enhances the efficacy of doxorubicin-mediated growth suppression in mammary carcinoma cells.

Understanding the link between chemoresistance and cancer progression may identify future targeted therapy for breast cancer. One of the mechanisms by which chemoresistance is attained in cancer cells is mediated through the expression of multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs). Acquiring drug resistance has been correlated to the emergence of metastasis, accounting for the progression of the disease. One of the diagnostic markers of metastatic progression is the overexpression of a transmembrane protein called Mucin 1 (MUC1) which has been implicated in reduced survival rate. The objective of th

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… The levels of the respective protein expression of ABCC1, MRP1 was also analyzed in these cells and consistent with ABCC1 mRNA expression in MCF-7 cells, 10 and 20 μM of honokiol reduced MRP1 protein expression in MCF-7 cells ( Fig. 2C ). … Knock-down of MUC1 protein in MCF-7 cells suppressed MRP1 protein expression in these cells ( Fig. 5A ). Similarly, in MDA-MB-231 cells, MRP1 protein expression was suppressed in MUC1 silenced cells ( Fig. 5B ). …

LncRNA LGALS8-AS1 Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis Through miR-125b-5p/SOX12 Feedback Regulatory Network.

BackgroundMetastasis is a major factor weakening the long-term survival of breast cancer patients. Increasing evidence revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were involved in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of LGALS8-AS1 in the metastatic progression of breast cancer cells and its potential mechanisms.ResultsThe lncRNA LGALS8-AS1 was highly expressed in breast cancer and associated with poor survival. LGALS8-AS1 functioned as an oncogenic lncRNA that promoted the metastasis of breast cancer both in vitro and in vivo. It upr

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… Wound Healing Assay The MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells were seeded into six-well plates and cultured to the sub-confluent state. … (A) Transfection efficiency of LGALS8-AS1 shRNA and overexpression plasmid detected by RT-qPCR in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. (B) The effect of LGALS8-AS1 overexpression on cell migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells determined by transwell assays. …

Nature-Inspired Strategies in Cancer Management: The Potential of Plant Extracts in Modulating Tumour Biology.

Cancer is a serious group of diseases that is a huge problem on a global scale and is the second most common cause of death. Commonly used therapies do not always lead to the complete elimination of diseased cells or tissues and are also burdened with side effects that reduce the quality of life of patients. Due to these difficulties, new therapeutic approaches are still being sought. In recent years, there has been a return to interest in natural methods of treating various diseases, among which phytochemicals are particularly interesting. This article reviews plant extracts with anticancer p

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… Similarly, the diethyl ether extract from ripe carob pulp also demonstrated selective cytotoxicity toward the MCF-7 cell line, with an IC 50 of 0.96 ± 0.11 mg/mL compared to 2.34 ± 0.03 mg/mL for MCF-10A cells [ 50 ]. … Similar results were obtained for MCF-7 cells, where viability decreased to 96.4%, 90.9%, 82.3%, 69.6%, and 51% after 24 h, and to 92.8%, 86.5%, 77%, 61.3%, and 46.4% after 48 h of incubation. …

A Review of Recent Curcumin Analogues and Their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Activities.

Curcumin, as the main active component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), has been demonstrated with various bioactivities. However, its potential therapeutic applications are hindered by challenges such as poor solubility and bioavailability, rapid metabolism, and pan-assay interference properties. Recent advancements have aimed to overcome these limitations by developing novel curcumin analogues and modifications. This brief review critically assesses recent studies on synthesising different curcumin analogues, including metal complexes, nano particulates, and other curcumin derivatives, focused o

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… The curcumin formulation showed greater inhibitory activity against the MCF-7 cells compared to the other tested cell lines [ 21 ]. … Compound 41 modification was performed by replacing one of the β -carbonyl with a semi-carbazone moiety, demonstrating efficient antiproliferative activity against breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro. …

Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for Cancer Diagnosis, Target Drug Delivery, and Treatment.

Cancer is regarded as one of the most deadly and mirthless diseases and it develops due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells. To date, varieties of traditional medications and chemotherapies have been utilized to fight tumors. However, their immense drawbacks, such as reduced bioavailability, insufficient supply, and significant adverse effects, make their use limited. Nanotechnology has evolved rapidly in recent years and offers a wide spectrum of applications in the healthcare sectors. Nanoscale materials offer strong potential for curing cancer as they pose low risk and fewer complica

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… Activation of caspase and Bax was also observed in MCF-7 cell lines [ 165 ]. … ZnO NPs biosynthesized from Knoxia sumatrensis inhibited anti-proliferative activity on MCF-7 cell line [ 168 ]. In another study, ZnO nanorods were prepared using Santalum album and dose-dependent cytotoxicity was found against MCF-7 cells. …

An understanding of mitochondria and its role in targeting nanocarriers for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Nanotechnology has changed the entire paradigm of drug targeting and has shown tremendous potential in the area of cancer therapy due to its specificity. In cancer, several targets have been explored which could be utilized for the better treatment of disease. Mitochondria, the so-called powerhouse of cell, portrays significant role in the survival and death of cells, and has emerged as potential target for cancer therapy. Direct targeting and nanotechnology based approaches can be tailor-made to target mitochondria and thus improve the survival rate of patients suffering from cancer. With thi

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… The cell viability assay of (C) HeLa cell line, (D) MCF-7 cells and (E) 4T1 cells incubated with free CPT, DC micelles and DCT micelles at different concentration for 72 h. … The cell viability assay of (C) HeLa cell line, (D) MCF-7 cells and (E) 4T1 cells incubated with free CPT, DC micelles and DCT micelles at different concentration for 72 h. …

Construction of CXCR4 Receptor-Targeted CuFeSe2 Nano Theranostic Platform and Its Application in MR/CT Dual Model Imaging and Photothermal Therapy.

INTRODUCTION: Targeting, imaging, and treating tumors represent major clinical challenges. Developing effective theranostic agents to address these issues is an urgent need. METHODS: We introduce an "all-in-one" tumor-targeted theranostic platform using CuFeSe2-based composite nanoparticles (CuFeSe2@PA) for magnetic resonance (MR) and computed tomography (CT) dual model imaging-guided hyperthermia tumor ablation. Plerixafor (AMD3100) is bonded to the surface of CuFeSe2 as a targeting unit. Due to the robust interaction between AMD3100 and the overexpressed Chemokine CXC type receptor 4 (CXCR4

Screening the Active Phytochemicals From Eclipta prostrata and Unraveling Their Molecular Insight Into Human Malignancies.

Current drugs against multiple human malignancies are limited, and developing new treatment strategies is improbable within a short time. So, considering the current situation, phytochemicals could be a viable option for developing chemotherapeutic agents for managing numerous types of malignancies. Therefore, we aimed to locate all phytochemicals of Eclipta prostrata and unravel their chemotherapeutic mechanisms and strategies individually. We defined 25 active compounds based on their anticancer activities after filtering through IMPPAT and literature search, and these compounds have chemoth

Predicting and Quantifying Antagonistic Effects of Natural Compounds Given with Chemotherapeutic Agents: Applications for High-Throughput Screening.

Natural products have been used for centuries to treat various human ailments. In recent decades, multi-drug combinations that utilize natural products to synergistically enhance the therapeutic effects of cancer drugs have been identified and have shown success in improving treatment outcomes. While drug synergy research is a burgeoning field, there are disagreements on the definitions and mathematical parameters that prevent the standardization and proper usage of the terms synergy, antagonism, and additivity. This contributes to the relatively small amount of data on the antagonistic effect

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… Additional in vivo and in vitro data support that low doses of genistein negate the growth inhibitory effects of tamoxifen in the tumors of MMTV-neu/ErbB2 transgenic mice and MCF-7 cells [ 33 ]. … Dietary genistein negates the inhibitory effect of tamoxifen on growth of estrogen-dependent human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells implanted in athymic mice. Cancer Res. 2002;62:2474–2477. 32. …

Natural anti-cancer products: insights from herbal medicine.

Herbal medicine exhibits a broad spectrum of potent anti-cancer properties, including the enhancement of tumor immune responses, reversal of multidrug resistance, regulation of autophagy and ferroptosis, as well as anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-metastatic effects. This review systematically explores recent advances (primarily documented since 2019) in research on key anti-cancer compounds derived from herbal medicine, such as apigenin, artemisinin, berberine, curcumin, emodin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), ginsenosides, icariin, resveratrol, silibinin, triptolide, and ursolic

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… The apigenin-loaded lipid nanocapsules (AP-LNC) are prepared using a phase transformation method, demonstrating a significant enhancement in the inhibition rate of Hep G2 and MCF-7 cells [ 88 ]. … Novel 1,3, 4-oxadiazol-artemisinin hybrids has been found to induce ferroptosis in breast cancer (MCF-7) cells in a dose-dependent manner [ 137 ]. Briefly, artemisinin and its derivatives exert anti-tumor effects on a variety of cancer cells through multiple mechanisms. …

Rice bran arabinoxylan compound as a natural product for cancer treatment - an evidence-based assessment of the effects and mechanisms.

ContextRice bran arabinoxylan compound (RBAC) is a natural immunomodulator with anticancer properties.ObjectiveThis study critically evaluates the available evidence on the biological pathways of RBAC and its effects on cancer treatment.MethodsThis secondary analysis of a scoping review includes studies evaluating the mechanisms of RBAC on healthy or malignant cells, animal models, or humans for cancer prevention or treatment. Data from randomized controlled trials on survival and quality of life outcomes were subjectd to meta analysis.ResultsThe evidence synthesis was based on 38 articles. RB

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… MCF-7 and 4T1 + paclitaxel | RBAC + paclitaxel lowered the IC 50 values against MCF-7 cells by a factor of 100. … Monolayer MCF-7 cells + yeast (1:10 ratio) | RBAC increased the magnitude of phagocytizing of yeast by MCF-7 cells by 2- to 3-fold after 1 to 4 h. …

Deregulation of the EGFR/PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1 pathway in breast cancer: possibilities for therapeutic intervention.

The EGFR/PI3K/PTEN/Akt/mTORC1/GSK-3 pathway plays prominent roles in malignant transformation, prevention of apoptosis, drug resistance and metastasis. The expression of this pathway is frequently altered in breast cancer due to mutations at or aberrant expression of: HER2, ERalpha, BRCA1, BRCA2, EGFR1, PIK3CA, PTEN, TP53, RB as well as other oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In some breast cancer cases, mutations at certain components of this pathway (e.g., PIK3CA) are associated with a better prognosis than breast cancers lacking these mutations. The expression of this pathway and upstre

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… Knock down of PTEN also increased ERalpha transcriptional activity in MCF-7 cells, but decreased ER protein levels and transcriptional activity in T47D and MDA-361 cells. … MCF-7 cells harboring constitutively-activated Raf-1 displayed high levels of endogenous cyclin-A. Targeting of Aurora-A by the Aurora kinase inhibitor Alisertib reduced cyclin-A expression. …

Gossypol and Its Natural Derivatives: Multitargeted Phytochemicals as Potential Drug Candidates for Oncologic Diseases.

Despite the vast amounts of research and remarkable discoveries that have been made in recent decades, cancer remains a leading cause of death and a major public health concern worldwide. Gossypol, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from the seeds, roots, and stems of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), was first used as a male contraceptive agent. Due to its diverse biological properties, including antifertility, antiviral, antioxidant, antibacterial, antimalarial, and most notably antitumor activities, gossypol has been the subject of numerous studies. Nevertheless, no systematic review has

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… In another study, mice bearing MCF-7 cells were treated with 40 μmol/L of ApoG2 for 72 h. ApoG2 increased apoptosis and autophagy. … Apogossypolone induces autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo. Breast Cancer. 2014;21:223–230. doi: 10.1007/s12282-012-0372-z. 106. …

Gambogic Acid as a Candidate for Cancer Therapy: A Review.

Gambogic acid (GA), a kind of dry resin secreted by the Garcinia hanburyi tree, is a natural active ingredient with various biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bacterial effects, etc. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that GA has obvious anti-cancer effects via various molecular mechanisms, including the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis. In order to improve the efficacy in cancer treatment, nanometer drug delivery systems have been employed to load GA and form mice

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… GA could obviously induce G2/M or G0/G1 arrest in various cancer cell lines, such as MCF-7 cells, K562 cells, U2OS cells, and so on. … -7 cells | [ 121 ] GA-LMWH micelles | In vivo | | Hepatic cancer | H 22 cells | [ 96 ] GA-PEG-PCL micelles | In vitro | | Lung cancer | A549 cells | [ 97 ] PEG-pHis-PLGA/TPGS micelles | In vitro | pH sensitive moiety: poly(L-histidine) (pHis) | Breast cancer | MCF-7 cells; MCF-7/Adr cells | [ 91 ] …

Recent Advances in Doxorubicin Formulation to Enhance Pharmacokinetics and Tumor Targeting.

Doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used drug in cancer chemotherapy, induces cell death via multiple intracellular interactions, generating reactive oxygen species and DNA-adducted configurations that induce apoptosis, topoisomerase II inhibition, and histone eviction. Despite its wide therapeutic efficacy in solid tumors, DOX often induces drug resistance and cardiotoxicity. It shows limited intestinal absorption because of low paracellular permeability and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux. We reviewed various parenteral DOX formulations, such as liposomes, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanopar

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… -7 cells | P-gp inhibition in tumor cells Increased DOX uptake in MCF-7 cells by 2.5-fold | [ 102 ] SD rats | Elevation in DOX AUC by 10-fold compared with DOX–liposome AUC MCF-7 breast cancer bearing mice | Tumor size decreased by 2-fold compared with DOX–liposome DOX and NaHCO 3 -loaded HSPC-m2000PEG … It also showed significantly higher cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 cells compared with free DOX [ 181 ]. In addition, MMT nanosheets effectively intercalated and stabilized DOX. …