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Recent Advances in Understanding the Mechanisms of Elemene in Reversing Drug Resistance in Tumor Cells: A Review.

Malignant tumors are life-threatening, and chemotherapy is one of the common treatment methods. However, there are often many factors that contribute to the failure of chemotherapy. The multidrug resistance of cancer cells during chemotherapy has been reported, since tumor cells' sensitivity decreases over time. To overcome these problems, extensive studies have been conducted to reverse drug resistance in tumor cells. Elemene, an extract of the natural drug Curcuma wenyujin, has been found to reverse drug resistance and sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Mechanisms by which elemene rever

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… Zhang et al. [ 37 ] found that β-elemene significantly downregulated intracellular miRNA-29a and miRNA222 in human BCA adriacin (Adr)-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/Adr) and docetaxel (Doc)-resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/Doc). … The loss of ER expression is the main cause of Tamoxifen (TAM) resistance in MCF-7 cells. To solve this problem, Zhang et al. [ 70 ] created the TAM drug-resistant cell line MCF-7/TAM using an ER-negative MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. …

The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms.

The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail. The in

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… Apoptosis-resistant cell lines, such as breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which are deficient in caspase-3, showed sensitivity to resveratrol treatment, and, interestingly, activation of caspase-9, as well as chromatin condensation, were detected in resveratrol-treated MCF-7 cells [ 116 ]. … Knockdown of ERα led to the abolishment of the potency of luteolin to inhibit MCF-7 cell proliferation. …

The KISS1 Receptor as an In Vivo Microenvironment Imaging Biomarker of Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease.

Multiple myeloma is one of the most common hematological diseases and is characterized by an aberrant proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow. As a result of crosstalk between cancer cells and the bone microenvironment, bone homeostasis is disrupted leading to osteolytic lesions and poor prognosis. Current diagnostic strategies for myeloma typically rely on detection of excess monoclonal immunoglobulins or light chains in the urine or serum. However, these strategies fail to localize the sites of malignancies. In this study we sought to identify novel biomarkers of myeloma bone di

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… The utility of Alexa 633-kisspeptin was tested first in vitro using cultured MCF-7 cells, and in vivo , using mice intratibially injected with MCF-7 cells ( S2 Fig ). … Cultured MCF-7 cells were incubated with either free dye or dye conjugated to the modified kisspeptin and imaged with fluorescence microscopy (A). Immune-compromised mice were injected intratibially with MCF-7 cells and imaged for tumor formation using the NightOwl planar imaging system (B). …

Up-regulation of bone marrow stromal protein 2 (BST2) in breast cancer with bone metastasis.

BackgroundBone metastases are frequent complications of breast cancer. Recent literature implicates multiple chemokines in the formation of bone metastases in breast cancer. However, the molecular mechanism of metastatic bone disease in breast cancer remains unknown. We have recently made the novel observation of the BST2 protein expression in human breast cancer cell lines. The purpose of our present study is to investigate the expression and the role of BST2 in bone metastatic breast cancer.MethodscDNA microarray analysis was used to compare the BST2 gene expression between a metastatic to b

Antimitotic drugs in the treatment of cancer.

Cancer is a complex disease since it is adaptive in such a way that it can promote proliferation and invasion by means of an overactive cell cycle and in turn cellular division which is targeted by antimitotic drugs that are highly validated chemotherapy agents. However, antimitotic drug cytotoxicity to non-tumorigenic cells and multiple cancer resistance developed in response to drugs such as taxanes and vinca alkaloids are obstacles faced in both the clinical and basic research field to date. In this review, the classes of antimitotic compounds, their mechanisms of action and cancer cell res

Evidence-Based Review of BioBran/MGN-3 Arabinoxylan Compound as a Complementary Therapy for Conventional Cancer Treatment.

IntroductionConventional cancer treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, may not be sufficient to eradicate all malignant cells and prevent recurrence. Intensive treatment often leads to a depressed immune system, drug resistance, and toxicity, hampering the treatment outcomes. BioBran/MGN-3 Arabinoxylan is a standardized arabinoxylan concentrate which has been proposed as a plant-based immunomodulator that can restore the tumor-induced disturbance of the natural immune system, including natural killer cell activity to fight cancer, complementing conventional therapies.Obj

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… | MGN-3 increased the yeast-phagocytosis of MCF-7 cells by 2-fold, and enhanced yeast-induced apoptosis compared with control. … Synergistic role of arabinoxylan rice bran (MGN-3/Biobran) in S. cerevisiae -induced apoptosis of monolayer breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Anticancer Res. 2005;25:4187-4196. 31. Gollapudi S, Ghoneum M. …

Selenium Compounds as Novel Potential Anticancer Agents.

The high number of new cancer incidences and the associated mortality continue to be alarming, leading to the search for new therapies that would be more effective and less burdensome for patients. As there is evidence that Se compounds can have chemopreventive activity, studies have begun to establish whether these compounds can also affect already existing cancers. This review aims to discuss the different classes of Se-containing compounds, both organic and inorganic, natural and synthetic, and the mechanisms and molecular targets of their anticancer activity. The chemical classes discussed

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… Its protective activity on cells was tested on murine J744 macrophage-like cells and during tamoxifen (TAM) therapy on mammary gland cancer MCF-7 cells. … Synthesis of new diorganodiselenides from organic halides: Their antiproliferative effects against human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Arch. Pharmacal. Res. 2015;38:659–665. doi: 10.1007/s12272-014-0407-4. 51. …

Targeted phytotherapy: essential oils, multi-target cancer action & nanodelivery.

Biochemical components of essential oils (EOs) are an innovative but largely underexplored type of precision phytotherapy (PT) in oncology owing to their anticancer activity against many types of tumors. This article discusses the important multitargeted molecular mechanisms of EOs (apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, angiogenesis, metastasis, tumor microenvironment) and their role as antitumor agents. In particular, an effort has been made to emphasize on the most notable volatile EOs such as thymol, eugenol, limonene, β-caryophyllene, and their interaction with oncogenic signaling pathways (NF-κB,

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… Additionally, EO constituents such as geraniol have demonstrated selective suppression of MCF-7 cells by inducing G1 phase cell cycle arrest through inhibition of cyclin D1, E, and A as well as CDK2 and CDK4, while showing minimal effects on non-malignant cells ( 107 ). …

Non-Curcuminoids from Turmeric and Their Potential in Cancer Therapy and Anticancer Drug Delivery Formulations.

Over the past decades curcuminoids have been extensively studied for their biological activities such as antiulcer, antifibrotic, antiviral, antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antimutagenic, antifertility, antidiabetic, anticoagulant, antivenom, antioxidant, antihypotensive, antihypocholesteremic, and anticancer activities. With the perception of limited toxicity and cost, these compounds forms an integral part of cancer research and is well established as a potential anticancer agent. However, only few studies have focused on the other bioactive molecules of turmeric, known as non-curcuminoids, wh

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… They have shown inhibitory action on breast cancer (MCF-7) cells [ 12 ]. Simon et al. investigated that cyclocurcumin acts as a nematocidal agent when combined with curcumin [ 93 ]. Moreover, studies revealed that cyclocurcumin exhibited light induced trans-cis isomerization [ 94 ]. … These signals at transcriptional level undergoes inhibition in MCF-7 cells and replace it to estrogen response element on chromatin. …

Efficacy of Polymer-Based Nanocarriers for Co-Delivery of Curcumin and Selected Anticancer Drugs.

Cancer remains a heavy health burden resulting in a high rate of mortality around the world. The presently used anticancer drugs suffer from several shortcomings, such as drug toxicity, poor biodegradability and bioavailability, and poor water solubility and drug resistance. Cancer is treated effectively by combination therapy whereby two or more anticancer drugs are employed. Most of the combination chemotherapies result in a synergistic effect and overcome drug resistance. Furthermore, the design of polymer-based nanocarriers for combination therapy has been reported by several researchers t

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… . | Intravenously | [ 91 ] Polymer-drug conjugates | Hyaluronan | Curcumin and alendronate | Breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) | The uptake and cytotoxic effect of the nanocarriers were higher in MDA-MB-231 cells when compared to MCF-7 cells | - | [ 103 ] Polymer-drug conjugates | PEG | … The uptake and cytotoxic effect of the nanocarriers were higher in MDA-MB-231 cells when compared to MCF-7 cells because of a higher expression of the CD44 receptor in the MDA-MB-231 cells. …

Marine-Derived Bisindoles for Potent Selective Cancer Drug Discovery and Development.

Marine-derived bisindoles exhibit structural diversity and exert anti-cancer influence through multiple mechanisms. Comprehensive research has shown that the development success rate of drugs derived from marine natural products is four times higher than that of other natural derivatives. Currently, there are 20 marine-derived drugs used in clinical practice, with 11 of them demonstrating anti-tumor effects. This article provides a thorough review of recent advancements in anti-tumor exploration involving 167 natural marine bisindole products and their derivatives. Not only has enzastaurin ent

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… Compounds 27 and 29 ( Figure 2 ) exhibited strong anticancer activity against the MCF-7 cell line, with IC 50 values of 1.8 ± 0.9 and 2.6 ± 0.89 µM, respectively. … Further cytotoxicity studies on MCF-7 cells showed that all three compounds promoted apoptosis, inducing cells to transition towards early apoptosis without necrosis. …

An Overview of Polymeric Nanoparticles-Based Drug Delivery System in Cancer Treatment.

Cancer is recognized as one of the world's deadliest diseases, with more than 10 million new cases each year. Over the past 2 decades, several studies have been performed on cancer to pursue solutions for effective treatment. One of the vital benefits of utilizing nanoparticles (NPs) in cancer treatment is their high adaptability for modification and amalgamation of different physicochemical properties to boost their anti-cancer activity. Various nanomaterials have been designed as nanocarriers attributing nontoxic and biocompatible drug delivery systems with improved bioactivity. The present

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… The maximum internalization capability by MCF-7 cells was found using quantitative fluorescence microscopy of 200 nm CPS, which was 35-fold higher than 500 nm PPS. … The artemisinin cell culture on human breast cancer cells showed that the PNP showed an inhibitory effect on MCF-7 cells and no toxic effects on HFF2 cells. …

Revitalizing Cancer Treatment: Exploring the Role of Drug Repurposing.

Cancer persists as a global challenge necessitating continual innovation in treatment strategies. Despite significant advancements in comprehending the disease, cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, exerting substantial economic burdens on healthcare systems and societies. The emergence of drug resistance further complicates therapeutic efficacy, underscoring the urgent need for alternative approaches. Drug repurposing, characterized by the utilization of existing drugs for novel clinical applications, emerges as a promising avenue for addressing these challenges. Repurposed d

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… Also, magnetic NPs conjugated with DSF enhanced cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells in combination with sodium nitroprusside and Cu [ 44 ]. … Giordano et al. demonstrated that VPA inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 cells by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase through the generation of ROS from mitochondria. …

Navigating Trichosporon Asahii Infections in Pediatric Leukemia: First Reported Case in Central and Eastern Europe Case Report and Literature Review.

Invasive fungal infections pose significant challenges in the management of immunocompromised patients, particularly those undergoing treatment for hematologic malignancies. Trichosporon asahii is a rare but severe cause of invasive trichosporonosis, associated with mortality rates. Effective management is complicated by its resistance to echinocandins and reduced susceptibility to polyenes, necessitating azole-based therapy. This paper aims to illustrate the diagnostic challenges associated with Trichosporon infections, analyze the complexities of treatment, review and synthesize known risk f

Nanoparticles for Effective Combination Therapy of Cancer.

Cancer continues to remains a major healthcare problem across the world despite strong translational research efforts towards tackling the disease. Surgery, when possible, along with radiation and chemotherapy continue to remain the mainstay of cancer treatment. Novel targeted therapies or biologics and immunotherapies have recently been approved to improve treatment efficacies while reducing collateral damage to normal, non-cancerous tissues. Combination therapies have shown better results than individual monotherapies in the clinic but often the improvements in therapeutic indices remain mar

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… The optimal concentration of nanoellipsoids and doxorubicin was identified as 60 μg/mL and 25 μg/mL respectively, and synergistic cell killing was showed for in vitro and in vivo studies using MCF 7 cells [ 59 ]. In a preclinical study study Chen. … The carriers delivered both DOX and siVEGF to human cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa cells and human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 cells. Zhang. et al. utilized a lipid/calcium/phosphate nanoparticle to encapsulate VEGF siRNA and gemcitabine monophosphate (GMP) for delivery to NSCLC [ 86 ]. …

"Smart" drug delivery: A window to future of translational medicine.

Chemotherapy is the mainstay of cancer treatment today. Chemotherapeutic drugs are non-selective and can harm both cancer and healthy cells, causing a variety of adverse effects such as lack of specificity, cytotoxicity, short half-life, poor solubility, multidrug resistance, and acquiring cancer stem-like characteristics. There is a paradigm shift in drug delivery systems (DDS) with the advent of smarter ways of targeted cancer treatment. Smart Drug Delivery Systems (SDDSs) are stimuli responsive and can be modified in chemical structure in response to light, pH, redox, magnetic fields, and e

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… -7 cell lines | **** | Zhuang et al. (2016) DOX-loaded star-PECLss-FA | Folic acid | Folate receptor | Doxorubicin | Breast cancer and Cervical cancer | HeLa, 4T1 cell lines | Female BALB/c mice | Shi et al. (2014) DOX@MSNs-S-S-Tf | Transferrin | Transferrin receptors | Doxorubicin | Hepatic cancer | … Wang et al. demonstrated that paclitaxel-loaded micelles bound specifically to an MCF-7 cell-specific phage and found the cytotoxicity of the targeted paclitaxel-loaded phage micelles was significantly higher than that of the free drug or non-targeted micelle formulations against target MCF-7 cells, …

A novel hollow iron nanoparticle system loading PEG-Fe3O4 with C5a receptor antagonist for breast cancer treatment.

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy and major cause of cancer death among women population in the worldwide. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered iron-dependent regulated cell death involved in tumor progression and therapeutic response. Moreover, increasing studies have implied that ferroptosis is a promising approach to eliminating cancer cells like developing iron nanoparticles as a therapeutic agent. However, resistance to ferroptosis is a vital distinctive hallmark of cancer. Therefore, further investigation of the mechanism of ferroptosis resistance to enhance its tumor sensit

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… Ceylan Hepokur also reported Capecitabine bonded silver particles significantly increased the number of early and late apoptotic cells on MCF-7 cells ( 39 ). Studies have also demonstrated that treatment with iron nanoparticles inhibited the growth of breast cancer cells ( 10 , 40 ). …

The anti-tumor potential of sinomenine: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Currently, chemotherapy is the main treatment for most tumors. However, drug resistance and many adverse reactions associated with chemotherapy greatly limit its use. Therefore, an increasing number of researchers have shifted the research focus the anti-tumor activity of traditional Chinese medicine. The objective of this article is to review the anti-tumor mechanism of sinomenine and its derivatives to provide a reference for further study and clinical transformation. METHODS: In this study, we searched for relevant articles on the anti-tumor mechanism of Sinomeniu

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… First, sinomenine could enhance the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to TAM in breast cancer by inhibiting the hyperactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, and then reverse the resistance of MCF-7 cells to tamoxifen. … Sinomenine Derivatives: Synthesis, Antitumor Activity, and Apoptotic Induction in MCF-7 Cells via IL-6/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. ChemMedChem 2022;17:e202200234. 10.1002/cmdc.202200234 6. Fernández-García R, Lalatsa A, Statts L, et al. …

The Potential of Mushroom Extracts to Improve Chemotherapy Efficacy in Cancer Cells: A Systematic Review.

Chemoresistance is a challenge in cancer treatment, limiting the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Mushroom extracts have shown potential as treatments for cancer therapies, offering a possible solution to overcome chemoresistance. This systematic review aimed to explore the role of mushroom extracts in enhancing chemotherapy and reversing chemoresistance in cancer cells. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases, following the PRISMA guidelines, and registered on PROSPERO. The extracts acted by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells, as well as enhancing the effect of che

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… This approach demonstrated high colloidal stability in various biological media as well as in simulated gastric fluid, showed low cytotoxicity and was effective in treating MCF-7 cells (4.5 ± 0.9% viability) [ 54 ]. …

Potential Protective Role Exerted by Secoiridoids from Olea europaea L. in Cancer, Cardiovascular, Neurodegenerative, Aging-Related, and Immunoinflammatory Diseases.

Iridoids, which have beneficial health properties, include a wide group of cyclopentane [c] pyran monoterpenoids present in plants and insects. The cleavage of the cyclopentane ring leads to secoiridoids. Mainly, secoiridoids have shown a variety of pharmacological effects including anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, neuroprotective, anti-cancer, and anti-obesity, which increase the interest of studying these types of bioactive compounds in depth. Secoiridoids are thoroughly distributed in several families of plants such as Oleaceae, Valerianaceae, Gentianaceae a