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Longitudinal characterization of plasma amino acids, biogenic amines, and amino acid-related metabolites in heifers from birth to first calving in response to colostrum and transition milk feeding.

This study presents the first comprehensive longitudinal metabolomic profiling of plasma AA, biogenic amines, and AA-related metabolites in … synthesis, and nitrogen catabolism demonstrated coordinated changes. Histidine-related metabolites (carnosine, increasing postweaning) indicated muscle maturation and adaptation to oxidative stress. Tryptophan-derived metabolites (kynurenine, serotonin, and indole metabolites) highlighted immune activation and microbial maturation. Nitrogen metabolism inter …

Ginger extract and polaprezinc exert gastroprotective actions by anti-oxidant and growth factor modulating effects in rats.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Contemporary medications used in the treatment of gastric ulcers involve the use of novel mucosal protective drugs. The present study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective effect of ginger extract and polaprezinc in a rat model of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcer. METHODS: 'Kissing' ulcers were induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by using 60% acetic acid. Rhizoma Zingiber officinale (ginger) extract (1.5-5 g/kg) or polaprezinc (30 and 60 mg/kg) was orally given to the animals once daily for three consecutive days after ulcer induction. All animals were killed on day 5

Integrated gut microbiota and metabolomic profiling reveals key associations between amino acid levels and gut microbial composition in patients with obesity.

INTRODUCTION: Obesity is an increasingly serious global health concern and is closely associated with gut dysbiosis and metabolic imbalance. … noted to be enriched. Metabolomic analysis revealed that in patients with obesity, the abundance of carnosine (log2FC = 1.16, FDR = 0.0016, VIP = 0.707), creatinine (log2FC = 0.21, FDR = 0.0009, VIP = 2.02), and cystine (log2FC = 0.55, FDR = 0.009, VIP = 1.47) was significantly increased compared with that in the controls; in contrast, that of ornithine (lo …

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for children with specific learning disorders.

BACKGROUND: About 5% of school children have a specific learning disorder, defined as unexpected failure to acquire adequate abilities in re … . No other secondary outcomes were reported.We excluded one study because it used a cointervention (carnosine), and five other studies because they did not provide a robust diagnosis of a specific learning disorder. We identified one ongoing study and found three studies awaiting classification. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Evidence is insufficient to permit any …

Длительное использование цинка для дисгейзии, вызывающее нехватку меди.

Цинк является микроэлементом, необходимым для восприятия вкуса и может быть прописан для дисгейзии у больных раком, проходящих лечение. Однако чрезмерное потребление цинка может привести к дефициту меди, который, скорее всего, недооценивается и может представлять собой усталость, тошноту, анемию и миэлопатию. КИСЛОТА: Пациент в 70-летнем возрасте с несколькими миэломой и гастропарезом, принимающий добавки цинка для лечения дисгейсии в прошлом. 2 Годы, порожденные общей усталостью, головокружением, тошнотой, нейтрализмом, анемией, походом, а также ухудшением онемения и покалыванием в нижних кон

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… Polaprezinc, a chelated compound combining zinc and L-carnosine, was found to improve dysgeusia in pancreatic cancer (Fujii et al. 2018 ) and head and neck cancer patients (Watanabe et al. 2010 ), while no significant difference in xerostomia or taste was found for patients with hematologic malignancy … American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51 ( 2 ), 225 – 227 . doi: 10.1093/ajcn/51.2.225 2407097 Fujii H , Hirose C , Ishihara M , et al. ( 2018 ) Improvement of dysgeusia by Polaprezinc, a Zinc-L-carnosine, in Outpatients receiving cancer chemotherapy . …

Frailty in Aging and the Search for the Optimal Biomarker: A Review.

In the context of accelerated aging of the population worldwide, frailty has emerged as one of the main risk factors that can lead to loss of self-sufficiency in older people. This syndrome is defined as a reduced state of physiological reserve and functional capacity. The main diagnostic tools for frailty are based on scales that show deficits compared to their clinical application, such as the Fried frailty phenotype, among others. In this context, it is important to have one or more biomarkers with clinical applicability that can objectively and precisely determine the degree or risk of fra

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… Relative to acetyl-carnosine, N-acetyl derivatives of histidine, such as carnosine, exist in mammalian cardiac and skeletal muscle, and the total concentration of these imidazoles can be within the measured range of L-carnosine in skeletal muscle (~10 mM) [ 131 , 132 ]. … Detection, characterisation, and quantification of carnosine and other histidyl derivatives in cardiac and skeletal muscle Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1988 967 241 249 10.1016/0304-4165(88)90015-3 3263885 132. Babizhayev M.A. Deyev A.I. Yermakova V.N. Semiletov Y.A. Davydova N.G. Kurysheva N.I. …

Current Advancement of Immunomodulatory Drugs as Potential Pharmacotherapies for Autoimmunity Based Neurological Diseases.

Dramatic advancement has been made in recent decades to understand the basis of autoimmunity-mediated neurological diseases. These diseases create a strong influence on the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), leading to various clinical manifestations and numerous symptoms. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most prevalent autoimmune neurological disease while NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is less common. Furthermore, evidence supports the presence of autoimmune mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), which is a neurodeg

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… Carnosine Carnosine is a natural polymer composed of alanine and histidine and has the strong antioxidant potential [ 134 ]. It is normally found in human nervous tissues and the brain easily crosses the blood–brain barrier and is frequently absorbed in the human digestive system. … Carnosine and related peptides: Therapeutic potential in age-related disorders. Aging Dis. 2015;6:369. doi: 10.14336/AD.2015.0616. 135. Prokopieva V., Yarygina E., Bokhan N., Ivanova S. Use of carnosine for oxidative stress reduction in different pathologies. Oxidative Med. Cell. …

Recent Advances in the Development and Utilization of Nanoparticles for the Management of Malignant Solid Tumors.

The purpose of nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems or novel drug delivery systems is to improve the effectiveness of therapy, and their promising properties have led to their increasing significance in the management of cancer. The researchers have primarily focused on designing novel nanocarriers, like nanoparticles (NPs), that can effectively deliver drugs to target cells and respond specifically to conditions particular to cancer. Whether passive or active targeting, these nanocarriers can deliver therapeutic cargoes to the tumor site to release the drug from the drug delivery system

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… cancer | Einafshar et al. [ 108 ] ZnONPs/CS | Caffeic acid phenethyl ester | Prostate cancer | Ince et al. [ 109 ] Deer antler extract NPs | Deer antler water extract | Prostate cancer | Nazarbek et al. [ 110 ] PLGA NPs | Brusatol and docetaxel | Prostate cancer | Adekiya et al. [ 111 ] AgCa-NPs | Carnosine … Targeted colorectal cancer treatment: in vitro anti-cancer effects of carnosine nanoparticles supported by agar and magnetic iron oxide. Hsieh LC, Le TK, Hu FC, Chen YT, Hsieh S, Wu CC, Hsieh SL. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2024;203:114477. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114477. 113. …

The Role of Nucleotide Excision Repair in Cisplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy: Mechanism, Prevention, and Treatment.

Platinum-based chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most common dose-limiting effects of cancer treatment and results in dose reduction and discontinuation of life-saving chemotherapy. Its debilitating effects are often permanent and lead to lifelong impairment of quality of life in cancer patients. While the mechanisms underlying the toxicity are not yet fully defined, dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons play an integral role in symptom development. DNA-platinum adducts accumulate in these cells and inhibit normal cellular function. Nucleotide excision repair (NER)

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… Potential pharmacotherapies include calmangafodipir, L-carnosine, and metformin. … L-carnosine was assessed in a pilot randomized controlled trial investigating its efficacy in the prevention of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. Reported results were remarkably positive [ 87 ]; however, no placebo was used, and it was not double-blinded. …

Laboratory predictors of death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the area of Valcamonica, Italy.

Background Comprehensive information has been published on laboratory tests which may predict worse outcome in Asian populations with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study is to describe laboratory findings in a group of Italian COVID-19 patients in the area of Valcamonica, and correlate abnormalities with disease severity. Methods The final study population consisted of 144 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (70 who died during hospital stay and 74 who survived and could be discharged) between March 1 and 30, 2020, in Valcamonica Hospital. Demographical, clinical and labora

Recent clinical trials with stem cells to slow or reverse normal aging processes.

Aging is associated with a decline in the regenerative potential of stem cells. In recent years, several clinical trials have been launched in order to evaluate the efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell interventions to slow or reverse normal aging processes (aging conditions). Information concerning those clinical trials was extracted from national and international databases (United States, EU, China, Japan, and World Health Organization). Mesenchymal stem cell preparations were in development for two main aging conditions: physical frailty and facial skin aging. With regard to physical frailty,

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… Completion is expected for December 2024. 3.3 Other SC therapies for aging 3.3.1 NT-020 NT-020 (NutraStem ® ) is a patented nutraceutical formulation containing green tea extract, blueberry extract, carnosine, and vitamin D3 ( EurekAlert, 2008 ). … Some nutraceuticals (carnosine, catechin, vitamin D3, spirulina) promote SC proliferation in vitro ( Bickford et al., 2006 ; Bachstetter et al., 2010 ), and are candidates to be repurposed for aging frailty ( Figure 4 ). …

Adjunctive Treatments for the Prevention of Chemotherapy- and Radiotherapy-Induced Mucositis.

BACKGROUND: Chemoradiotherapy-associated mucositis can manifest as pain, inflammation, dysphagia, diarrhea, weight loss, rectal bleeding, and infection. Mucositis is a major dose-limiting side effect of chemotherapy, affecting nutritional intake and oral and intestinal function. Despite several interventions being available, there is a need for safe and effective preventative and treatment options for treatment-induced mucositis. The goals of this review are to discuss interventions based on foods and natural products and present the research to date. METHODS: A narrative literature review id

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… 0.5 mg versus no treatment | HNC | RCT (n = 39), RTOG | NS benefit Jahangard-Rafsanjani et al 25 | HDC HSCT conditioning regimen | Selenium 200 µg versus placebo | ALL/AML | RCT (n = 64), WHO OMAS | Decreased OM severity grade 3-4 ( P < .05) Watanabe et al 26 | Chemotherapy and radiotherapy | Zinc L-carnosine … Preparation and clinical evaluation of a novel lozenge containing polaprezinc, a zinc-L-carnosine, for prevention of oral mucositis in patients with hematological cancer who received high-dose chemotherapy. Med Oncol. 2016;33:91. 35. Markiewicz M, Dzierzak-Mietla M, Frankiewicz A, et al. …

Fanconi syndrome induced by adefovir dipivoxil: a case report and clinical review.

More than 150 cases of Fanconi syndrome (FS) or hypophosphatemia osteomalacia induced by low-dose adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) have been reported since 2002, when ADV was introduced for the long-term treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Because the life expectancy of HBV-infected individuals has increased, the adverse effects of long-term treatment with antiviral therapies are increasingly observed, and nephrotoxicity is one of the most severe adverse effects of ADV. Therefore, the number of cases may be far higher than reported. Moreover, ADV-induced FS is often misdiagnosed or diagnos

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… According to a case report, denosumab improves clinical manifestations of HO, which results from ADV-induced FS. 37 In addition, mitochondrial protection may be useful against ADV-induced FS and nephrotoxicity, and some chemicals such as glycine, coenzyme Q10, l -carnitine, N-acetyl cysteine, carnosine …

New insights into therapeutic strategies for the treatment of peritoneal fibrosis: learning from histochemical analyses of animal models.

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a fatal complication that can occur in patients undergoing long-term peritoneal dialysis. It is characterized by bowel obstruction and marked sclerotic thickening of the peritoneal membrane. Although the mechanisms underlying the development of EPS are complex, angiogenesis, inflammation, and peritoneal fibrosis are known to be essential factors. Now, several animal models that exhibit EPS have pathophysiology similar to that of human EPS and have been proposed for use in research to provide insights into it. Recent histochemical methods also help us

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… F. (2007) Antiglycation and antioxidant effect of carnosine against glucose degradation products in peritoneal mesothelial cells. Nephron Clin. Pract. 107; 26–34 2. …

Dissecting the Crosstalk Between Nrf2 and NF-κB Response Pathways in Drug-Induced Toxicity.

Nrf2 and NF-κB are important regulators of the response to oxidative stress and inflammation in the body. Previous pharmacological and genetic studies have confirmed crosstalk between the two. The deficiency of Nrf2 elevates the expression of NF-κB, leading to increased production of inflammatory factors, while NF-κB can affect the expression of downstream target genes by regulating the transcription and activity of Nrf2. At the same time, many therapeutic drug-induced organ toxicities, including hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, pulmonary toxicity, dermal toxicity, and neurotoxi

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… However, some studies have found that L-carnosine exerted a neuroprotective effect against oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in colorectal cancer patients via the Nrf2 and NF-κB pathways ( Yehia et al., 2019 ). … promoting the activation of PI3K/Akt-Nrf2 signaling pathway | Kawashiri et al. (2018) , Yehia et al. (2019) , Lv et al. (2021) , Yardım et al. (2021) Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction (HGWD) | • Protecting neural stem/progenitor cells and neurons from oxidative damage through the Nrf2-ERK1/2 MAPK pathway L-Carnosine …

Протеиновый профиль множественных миеломных экстраклелярных везиков для открытия биомаркеров, связанных с новелом миеломой.

Несмотря на терапевтические достижения, множественная миелома (ММ) по-прежнему характеризуется продвижением и рецидивом, что подчеркивает необходимость надежных биомаркеров для раннего обнаружения и мониторинга. Внешнеклеточные везикулы (ЭМ) представляют собой клеточные, липидные двуслойные частицы, которые способствуют межклеточному общению и циркулируют в жидкостях тела, что делает их перспективными биомаркерами. В этом исследовании проводится сопоставление протеома ЭМ, полученного с помощью ММ, с материнскими клетками и оценивается, является ли ЭМ высшим источником биомаркеров с учетом ММ.

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… Radrezza S., Carini M., Baron G., Aldini G., Negre‐Salvayre A., and D'Amato A., “Study of Carnosine's Effect on Nude Mice Skin to Prevent UV‐A Damage,” Free Radical Biology & Medicine 173 (2021): 97–103. 20. Cox J., Hein M. Y., Luber C. …

Signal Mining and Analysis of Drug-Induced Myelosuppression: A Real-World Study From FAERS.

IntroductionDrug-induced myelosuppression (DIM) is a serious side effect of several medications, particularly chemotherapy, immunosuppressants, and targeted therapies, which can lead to infections, anemia, and bleeding. While these drugs are effective, their adverse effects can disrupt treatment plans and reduce quality of life. However, early identification of DIM remains challenging, as many associated drugs do not explicitly list this risk, complicating clinical monitoring.MethodsThis study utilized the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to perform signal mining and assess

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… Carnosine attenuates cyclophosphamide-induced bone marrow suppression by reducing oxidative dna damage . Redox Biol . 2018 ; 14 : 1 - 6 . doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.08.003 28826042 PMC5565745 21 Pereira-Vieira J Weber DD Silva S , et al. …

Integrated Medicine for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of typical chemotherapeutics among cancer survivors. Despite the recent progress, the effective prevention and treatment strategies for CIPN remain limited. Better understanding of the pathogenesis of CIPN may provide new niches for developing a new ideal therapeutic strategy. This review summarizes the current understanding of CIPN and current recommendations along with completed/active clinical trials and aims to foster translational research to improve the development of effective strategies for managing CIPN.

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… L-Carnosine protects against Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in colorectal cancer patients: A perspective on targeting Nrf-2 and NF-κB pathways. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2019;365:41–50. doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.12.015. 79. Hanai A. …

Лейкемия в период беременности: диагностика и терапевтический подход (обзор).

Цель настоящего исследования заключается в оценке эпидемиологических, диагностических и терапевтических данных о гематологических заболеваниях в период беременности. Лейкемия в период беременности встречается редко, а литературные данные не являются обширными. Факторы риска, эпидемиология и патогенез этих заболеваний не разработаны в полной мере. Кроме того, имеется подробный доклад о осложнениях в период беременности и об общем (на три месяца) лечении этих заболеваний, в частности о стратегии их лечения. В настоящем исследовании описывается возможность обеспечения в будущем беременности у жен

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… JM Hernandez-Ilizaliturri FJ Robinson BK Otis S Nadav Dagan L Abdallah R Lymphoma occurring during pregnancy: Antenatal therapy, complications, and maternal survival in a multicenter analysis J Clin Oncol 31 4132 4139 2013 10.1200/JCO.2013.49.8220 24043736 58 Nooh MM Rizk SM Saied NM Abdelazim SM Carnosine …

Using an integrated omics approach to uncover the mechanisms underlying chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN).

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a debilitating side effect with limited treatment options. The primary challenge in developing therapies is the lack of identified neurotoxic mechanisms. To address this, an integrated omics approach, combining transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, is essential to map the biological changes underlying the condition. Here, we show how data from these complementary approaches converge on key mechanisms involved in CIPN through a critical summary of animal and human studies. Current research highlights several key drivers of CIPN, such

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… The importance of energy utilization and potential mitochondrial dysfunction in CIPN animals was demonstrated, with significant changes in triglycerides, diglycerides, acylcarnitines, carnosine, long-chain ceramides, sphingolipids, and bile acids. …