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Decoding the educational impact on Alzheimer's risk: an umbrella review of Mendelian randomization evidence.

OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a major global health challenge. The objective of this umbrella review is to synthesize Mendeli … Findings highlight a complex interplay between EA, cognitive traits, and AD risk, aligning with the cognitive reserve hypothesis. Ultimately, EA exhibits a protective effect against AD, largely mediated by cognitive traits, and likely explained by multiple structural and lifestyle mechanisms. Future research must prioritize longitudinal designs and gene-environment …

Longitudinal neuropsychological safety assessment of biperiden treatment following traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with cognitive impairment and neurobiological alterations potentially influenced by cholinergic s … wing TBI. Cognitive outcomes were primarily determined by injury severity, lesion distribution, and cognitive reserve rather than pharmacological exposure, supporting its tolerability in acute post-TBI interventions targeting neuroplasticity modulation.

One Year After Mild COVID-19: Emotional Distress but Preserved Cognition in Healthcare Workers.

Background/Objectives: Although COVID-19 may cause cognitive impairments for up to six months, the long-term effects of mild cases remain un … he substantial emotional toll of the pandemic on healthcare workers. Future research should explore cognitive reserve as a protective factor.

Buffering brain aging: education moderates language impairment in Parkinson's disease.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive reserve (CR) refers to the discrepancy between brain pathology and observed cognitive decline. While education is a key indicator of CR, its role as a potential moderator in the relationships between brain morphology and cognitive impairments in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear. This study examined whether education affects the relationship between brain age and cognitive impairments in patients with PD. METHODS: Data from 58 patients with PD were analyzed using a secondary dataset from the OpenNeuro database. Participants aged ≥55 years were on stable medication…

Систематический обзор потенциального ускорения нееврокогнитивного старения пожилых лиц, переживших рак.

По мере роста показателей выживаемости больше внимания стало уделяться возможным когнитивным сиквелам у пожилых больных раком, что можно объяснить ускоренным старением мозга. В этом обзоре мы представляем полный обзор исследований, посвященных нейроимации, нейрокогнитивным и нейродегенеративным расстройствам у пожилых выживших жертв рака (см.>65 лет), на основе three базы данных (Pubmed, Web of Science and Medline). Ninety-six В него были включены исследования. Были обнаружены данные о функциональных и структурных изменениях в мозге (фронтальные области, базальная ганглиа, серые и белые вещест

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
As survival rates increase, more emphasis has gone to possible cognitive sequelae in older cancer patients, which could be explained by acce … ial radiation), genetic predisposition (e.g., APOE, COMT, BDNF), age, comorbidities (e.g., frailty, cognitive reserve), and psychological (e.g., depression, (post-traumatic) distress, sleep, fatigue) and social factors (e.g., loneliness, limited caregiver support, low SES). More research on accelerated aging is required to guide intervention studies.

Assessment of cognitive function in female rheumatoid arthritis patients: associations with cerebrovascular pathology, depression and anxiety.

We assessed cognitive function of female rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and analyze the determinants, with special focus on cerebrovascular morphology. Sixty methotrexate (MTX-) or biologic-treated RA patients and 39 healthy controls were included in a cross-sectional study. Smoking habits, alcohol intake and time spent in education were recorded. Standard measures were performed to assess cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MOCA; Trail Making Test, TMT; Victoria Stroop Test, VST; Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, WAIS; Benton Visual Retention test, BVRT), depression (Beck

The Neuroprotective Role of Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease: An Integrative Review of Animal and Human Studies.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the leading cause of dementia, is characterized by progressive cognitive decline along with hallmark brain patholo … alth through multiple interconnected metabolic, vascular and molecular pathways, thereby preserving cognitive reserve and slowing disease progression, particularly when initiated during early to midlife prior to the onset of AD symptoms. Therefore, future research will require establishing stage-specific exercise recommendations based on modality type, intensity an …

Effect of Heart Rate Reserve on Prefrontal Cortical Activation While Dual-Task Walking in Older Adults.

Hypertension is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular health and non-amnestic cognitive impairment in older adults. While heart rate reserve (HRR) has been shown to be a risk factor for hypertension, how impaired HRR in older adults can lead to cognitive impairment is still unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of HRR on prefrontal cortical (PFC) activation under varying dual-task demands in older adults. Twenty-eight older adults (50-82 years of age) were included in this study and divided into higher (n = 14) and lower (n = 14) HRR groups. Participants engaged

A randomized controlled trial comparison of three music therapy formats on cognitive function and psychological well-being in normal aging.

OBJECTIVES: Prior studies suggest a benefit of music-based activities for supporting cognitive function and psychological well-being in norm … Dynamic Bayesian Network analysis corroborated these trajectories and highlighted the influence of cognitive reserve and executive functions on intervention outcomes. DISCUSSION: This study provides evidence for the beneficial effect of MT on cognitive function and well-being in normal aging, suggesting that both individualized and group formats are advantageous. …

Identifying phenomenological differences and recovery of cognitive and non-cognitive symptomatology among delirium superimposed upon dementia patients (DsD) versus those without dementia (DaD) in an acute geriatric care setting.

BACKGROUND: Phenomenological differences between delirium superimposed on dementia (DsD) versus delirium in the absence of dementia (DaD) re … ifferences. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings of slower cognitive symptom recovery in DsD patients suggest cognitive reserve play a role in delirium syndrome development and recovery. This merits further studies to potentially aid in appropriate discharge planning and to identify potential pharmacological and non-pharmacological cognitive interventions for hospitalized ol …

Cognitive impairment in SCA3: A multi-center cohort study with demographic, imaging, and biomarker correlates.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive deficits are common in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3 (SCA3), but their neurobiological correlates remain largely unkno … cal ataxia onset and progress in parallel with ataxia severity, especially in patients with a lower cognitive reserve. Other measured biochemical and imaging parameters did not have a significant additional contribution.

Cognitive and Behavioural Associations of Visual and Hearing Impairments Across the Lifespan in People With Down Syndrome, a Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Hearing and visual impairments are common in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), yet it remains unclear whether sensory impairm … ssociations over time and that long-standing uncorrected impairments may be associated with reduced cognitive reserve and increased vulnerability to decline-highlighting the need for early identification and intervention.

Use of cannabidiol (CBD) for the treatment of cognitive impairment in psychiatric and neurological illness: A narrative review.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the major phytocannabinoids present in the cannabis plant, with no acute psychotropic effects and a favorable safety and abuse liability profile. Animal and limited controlled human studies have demonstrated CBD to have analgesic, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antipsychotic, and anticonvulsant effects, to name a few possible indications. There is growing evidence for the use of CBD to treat neurological disorders such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. It has been suggested that CBD improves cognition and neurogenesis. Co

Cognitive insensitivity and cognitive impulsivity as mediators of bullying continuity: Extending the psychological inertia construct to bullying behavior.

Psychological inertia, the process by which social-cognitive variables help maintain behavioral patterns over time, has been found to explain crime continuity. The present study sought to determine whether psychological inertia can also be used to explain continuity in bullying behavior. A group of 1,161 youth (567 male) from the Illinois Study of Bullying and Sexual Violence were surveyed 3 times over a period of 1 year in an effort to determine which of two dimensions of precriminal cognition-cognitive insensitivity (callous, self-serving) or cognitive impulsivity (reckless, emotional)-media

Cognitive intraindividual variability as a potential biomarker for early detection of cognitive and functional decline.

OBJECTIVE: Intraindividual variability (IIV) in cognitive performance has been associated with cognitive decline and reductions in white matter integrity, but the predictive utility of IIV-between versus IIV-within domains is unknown. The present study aimed to determine if IIV-within a "frontal-subcortical" domain may be a more robust predictor of changes in general cognitive status and functional independence over time than IIV-between cognitive domains. METHOD: Mixed linear modeling was used to analyze the relationship between cognitive IIV and cognitive and functional status in 651 contro

The epidemiology of cognitive function in Parkinson's disease.

Epidemiology is the study of the distribution of disease in human populations, which is important in evaluating burden of illness, identifyi … GBA and MAPT mutations, contribute to cognitive change. Possible protective factors include higher cognitive reserve and regular exercise. Important sequelae of cognitive decline in PD include higher caregiver burden, decreased functional status, and increased risk of institutionalization and mortality. Many remaining uncertainties regarding the epidemiology of co …

Partnership and Cognitive Aging in Europe: Mediating Factors and Social Stratification.

OBJECTIVES: Living in a partnership has been shown to benefit later life health in general and decrease the risk of cognitive impairment. Fe … vorable cognitive trajectories compared to partnered individuals, particularly for those with lower cognitive reserve.

Breaking the Freeze: The Role of Cognitive Function in Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease.

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a highly disabling, poorly dopa-responsive symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) that becomes increasingly prevalent … nsate for impaired motor automaticity, especially under dual-task demands or emotional load. Robust cognitive reserve can serve as compensation, whereas cognitive impairment can contribute to FOG in situations with high cognitive load. Freezers show disproportionate deficits in inhibitory control, visuospatial processing, and task-switching, which correlate with ga …

Lower and higher volumes of physical exercise build up brain reserves against memory deficits triggered by a head injury in mice.

Decreasing neurotrophic support and impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics are key mechanisms for long-term neurodegeneration and cognitive decline after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We hypothesize that preconditioning with lower and higher volumes of physical exercise upregulates the CREB-BDNF axis and bioenergetic capability, which might serve as neural reserves against cognitive impairment after severe TBI. Using a running wheel mounted in the home cage, mice were engaged in lower (LV, 48 h free access, and 48 h locked) and higher (HV, daily free access) exercise volumes for thirty days. Sub

Hepatitis C eradication improves cognitive function in patients with or without cirrhosis: A prospective real-life study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with neuropsychiatric disturbances that impact on functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Reversibility at different liver disease stages is unknown, particularly in cirrhosis. We aimed to evaluate cognition, functioning, and HRQoL following HCV eradication at different liver disease stages. METHODS: A random sample (n = 152) of consecutive patients treated with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) between April 2015 and March 2017 were included. A comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, functioning