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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, a review and an extended report of five patients with different immune compromised states.

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is an opportunistic infection of the brain caused by the JC-virus. Both a decreased cellula … ctive in treating PML, neither in HIV positive nor HIV negative patients. Experimental therapy with leflunomide, after tapering of the immunosuppressive medication, did change the natural course of PML in one patient.

Advances in immunosuppressive therapy.

Despite the intense interest in biological agents, traditional immunosuppressive drugs remain the mainstays of treatment for systemic rheumatic diseases that involve the lung. Herewith, we review the mechanism of action, administration and clinical use of immunosuppressive drugs, including cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, azathioprine, methotrexate, leflunomide, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil. Emphasis is placed on the use of sequential therapies, in which cyclophosphamide is used to induce a remission, and then drugs such as methotrexate or azathioprine are used to maintain the remiss…

Skin reaction to adalimumab.

The tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) inhibitors etanercept and infliximab have shown good clinical results in the treatment of rheumat … ion. Although this patient was receiving concomitant immunomodulatory therapy with methotrexate and leflunomide, these medications were not discontinued when the reaction developed, and no other potential pathogenetic mechanisms were identified. We believe the reaction is most likely attributable to adalimumab.

Takayasu Arteritis in a 55-Year-Old Woman With Prior Mycobacterium leprae Infection: A Possible Postinfectious Association.

Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a rare large-vessel vasculitis affecting the aorta and its major branches. Although autoimmune mechanisms are ce … re of eight. Initial immunotherapy with intravenous prednisolone and methotrexate, followed by oral leflunomide, failed to achieve clinical improvement, following which endovascular stenting was planned. This case emphasizes the potential role of prior mycobacterial infections in TAK pathogenesis and highlights the need for early recognition, comprehensive va …

Aseptic pyomyositis in rheumatoid arthritis treated with corticosteroid and DMARDs.

Pyomyositis is a purulent infection of skeletal muscle that is mostly observed in tropical countries. Aseptic pyomyositis is a rare, potenti … l prednisolone 1mg/kg body weight in tapering dose, cs DMARDS, (methotrexate 25 mg once a week, and leflunomide 20mg daily hydroxychloroquine 200 mg daily orally) and another supportive treatment along with surgical drainage of pus was done. There was complete resolution of the initial lesion and remission of the primary disease in 3 months.

Immune hallmarks of rheumatoid arthritis management: A brief review.

The purpose of this review was to examine current evidence on immunomodulation mediated by conventional drugs and the use of novel biological agents for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Currently, treatment is focused on maximizing quality of life through sustained clinical remission and/or attenuating disease activity. To do so, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, especially methotrexate, are used alone or in combination with other drugs, including leflunomide, biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs…

Successful treatment of psoriatic arthritis and comorbid annular atrophic lichen planus with etanercept.

Psoriasis vulgaris and lichen planus are distinct T-cell-driven inflammatory skin diseases. Both present in a variety of clinical subtypes. Mucosal or nail involvement may be present. Here, we report the rare concomitant clinical presentation of psoriatic arthritis and annular atrophic lichen planus on the trunk of a 52-year-old male patient. Treatment with sulfasalazine failed to control inflammatory activity; methotrexate and leflunomide were ceased due to side-effects. After confirmation of both diagnoses, we initiated a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-directed therapy with the fusion protein…

The perioperative use of synthetic and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) have become essential treatments in the management of patients with inflammatory rheumatic di … the case of orthopaedic surgery. Conventional synthetic DMARDs such as methotrexate, sulfasalazine, leflunomide, hydroxychloroquine appear to be safe during the perioperative period. Conflicting results on biological DMARDs, mainly tumour necrosis factor antagonists, are reported in the literature, including both increased and unchanged risk of superimposed i …

[Pyopneumothorax in rheumatoid arthritis].

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the joints but which frequently includes extra articular effects, including pulmonary nodules, which grow faster under immunosuppressive treatment. CASE REPORT: A 74 years old man, with mild asbestosis, underwent treatment with methotrexate then leflunomide (LEF) for seropositive RA. In February 2014, during monitoring of his asbestosis, chest CT scan showed the appearance of thick-walled cavitating lung nodules, with a central and sub pleural distribution. The patient was asymptomatic. Bronchoalveolar lavage …

Systemic antipsoriatic combination therapy with fumaric acid esters for plaque-type psoriasis: report on 17 cases.

BACKGROUND: In the literature as well as in existing psoriasis guidelines, only little evidence is available on combination regimens with sy … mbined with at least one other systemic therapy (methotrexate, acitretin, etanercept, cyclosporine, leflunomide and infliximab) to treat psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis were identified. CONCLUSION: FAEs can be combined in an off-label setting with conventional as well as biological agents to treat recalcitrant psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. Safety monito …

Ninth Asia Pacific League of Associations for Rheumatology (APLAR) Congress, Beijing, China, 21-26 May, 2000.

The Congress covered the broad field of rheumatology, with participants from China, the Asia Pacific League of Associations of Rheumatology … cost factors, there were symposia on the latest pharmacological advances such as COX-2 technology, leflunomide and anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy.

Erythrodermic Psoriasis Causing Uric Acid Crystal Nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: Erythrodermic psoriasis is a rare and severe variant of psoriasis. It is characterized by widespread skin erythema, scaling, pus … oriatic arthritis presented with diffuse scaling of his skin. He was being treated with adalimumab, leflunomide, and topical clobetasol, but had recently stopped taking his medications. Physical exam revealed yellow scaling covering his entire body with underlying erythema and tenderness without mucosal involvement. Labs were notable for a creatinine of 3.3 m …

Evaluation of the ocular surface in rheumatoid arthritis patients on conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs.

PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare ocular surface findings in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients on conventional synthetic disease-modifying a … ilar severity of disease were enrolled. Patients who received hydroxychloroquine, methotrexate, and leflunomide treatments were defined as groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Ocular surface evaluation, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer 1 test, tear break-up time (TBUT), Oxford scoring according to corneal and conjunctival fluorescein s …

Целевое воздействие на ось MARCH5-MFN2 для усиления фузии митохондрий и чувствительности клеток множественной миеломы к венетоклаксу.

ОБЗОР: Накопленные данные указывают на то, что события физиологического деления и слияния митохондрий нарушены в раке из-за нарушения функции их ключевых регуляторов. В данном исследовании мы изучали функциональную роль E3-убиквитин-лигазы Мембранный ассоциированный Ринг-Ч-Тип Фингер 5 (MARCH5) в регуляции роста клеток, метаболической переработки и устойчивости к лекарствам в мультиплексной миеломе (ММ) через отрицательную регуляцию драйвера слияния митохондрий митофузина 2 (MFN2). МЕТОДЫ: Вiability клеток и апоптоз оценивались в линиях клеток ММ или в кокультуре с стромальными клетками с исп

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial fission and fusion events are imbalanced in cancer due to defective activity o … grafted with MM cells, using an MFN2-inducible model or following intraperitoneal administration of leflunomide. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze tumor xenografts and mouse organs. RESULTS: Knockdown of MARCH5 led to a pronounced elongation of mitochondria accompanied by increased expression of MFN2, likely resulting from reduced MARCH5-mediated ubiq …

Potential immunotherapies for sarcoidosis.

INTRODUCTION: Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that commonly causes lung disease, but can affect other vital organs and tissues. The cause of sarcoidosis is unknown, and current therapies are commonly limited by lack of efficacy, adverse side effects, and excessive cost. AREAS COVERED: The manuscript will provide a review of current concepts relating to the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis, and how these disease mechanisms may be leveraged to develop more effective treatments for sarcoidosis. It provides only a brief summary of currently accepted therapy, while focusing

The Effect and Safety of Iguratimod Combined With Methotrexate on Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Based on a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease with inflammatory synovitis. Iguratimod (IGU) combined with m … 28: (weighted mean difference (WMD) -1.65, 95% CI -2.39 to -0.91, p < 0.0001)]. Compared with MTX + leflunomide, IGU + MTX has no significant difference in improving ACR20, ACR50, ACR70, but IGU + MTX improves DAS28 more significantly [ACR20: (RR 1.09, 95% CI 0.79-1.89, p = 0.59); ACR50: (RR 1.07, 95% CI 0.64-1.78, p = 0.81); ACR70: (RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.44-3.10 …

An injectable subcutaneous colon-specific immune niche for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.

As a chronic autoinflammatory condition, ulcerative colitis is often managed via systemic immunosuppressants. Here we show, in three mouse models of established ulcerative colitis, that a subcutaneously injected colon-specific immunosuppressive niche consisting of colon epithelial cells, decellularized colon extracellular matrix and nanofibres functionalized with programmed death-ligand 1, CD86, a peptide mimic of transforming growth factor-beta 1, and the immunosuppressive small-molecule leflunomide, induced intestinal immunotolerance and reduced inflammation in the animals' lower gastrointes…

Pulmonary Rheumatoid Nodules: A Case Report.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder primarily targeting joints, with the lungs often being the most affected organ outside the joints. Pulmonary rheumatoid nodules (PRNs) are unusual manifestations of RA in the lungs. We report a case of a 74-year-old Chinese man with a smoking history, diagnosed with RA and treated with leflunomide and prednisone, who showed multiple peripheral or pleural nodules in both lungs on computed tomography (CT) scans. Pathological analysis of the right middle lobe lesion from CT-guided percutaneous core needle biopsy showed lymphocytic and neutrophil…

Use of tocilizumab in amyloid a nephropathy associated with Sweet syndrome: a case report and literature review.

Amyloid A nephropathy is a possible complication of chronic inflammatory disease. Proteinuria and kidney failure are the main features of th … , cutaneous and renal findings were refractory to many immunosuppressive regimen (cyclophosphamide, leflunomide, interferon and steroid). After few years, the patient developed rapidly progressive nephropathy associated with nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria up to 6 g/die). A second kidney biopsy was performed and it showed worsening of amyloid nephropathy. Thu …