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Epidemiology of nosocomial pneumonia in infants after cardiac surgery.

BACKGROUND: The pattern of nosocomial pneumonia (NP) in infants in a pediatric surgical ICU after cardiac surgery may differ from that seen in adult ICUs. STUDY OBJECTIVES: The primary aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of NP in infants after cardiac surgery and, secondarily, to describe the changes of the distribution and antibiotic resistance of the pathogen during the last 3 years. METHODS: Data were collected between June 1999 and June 2002 from 311 consecutive infants who underwent open-heart surgery in our hospital. We retrospectively analyzed the distribution and antib

Comparison of Oligon catheters and chlorhexidine-impregnated sponges with standard multilumen central venous catheters for prevention of associated colonization and infections in intensive care unit patients: a multicenter, randomized, controlled study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate silver-impregnated (Oligon) central venous catheters and chlorhexidine-gluconate-impregnated sponges for reducing cat … 1; p = .01; femoral vs. subclavian: hazard ratio 3.36; 95% confidence interval 1.17-9.65; p = .02). Acinetobacter baumannii was the predominant pathogen (37.1% episodes of colonization, 36.4% catheter-related infections, 57.1% bacteremic catheter-related infections). CONCLUSION: For short-term (median duration 7 days) central venous catheters in intensive care units wit …

Enhanced Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activity of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles Synthesised Using Sargassum incisifolium Aqueous Extracts.

A detailed, methodical approach was used to synthesise silver and gold nanoparticles using two differently prepared aqueous extracts of the brown algae Sargassum incisifolium. The efficiency of the extracts in producing nanoparticles were compared to commercially available brown algal fucoidans, a major constituent of brown algal aqueous extracts. The nanoparticles were characterised using TEM, XRD and UV/Vis spectroscopy and zeta potential measurements. The rate of nanoparticle formation was assessed using UV/Vis spectroscopy and related to the size, shape and morphology of the nanoparticles

Bloodstream Infections in Patients with Hematologic Diseases: Causative Organisms and Factors Associated with Resistance.

BackgroundPatients with hematologic diseases are at high risk of bloodstream infections (BSIs). This study aimed to analyze clinical features and distributions of microorganisms in patients with hematologic diseases presenting at a tertiary care university-affiliated hospital in Korea.Materials and methodsWe retrospectively reviewed all BSI episodes recorded in patient medical records at two hematologic wards of the Catholic Hematology Hospital from January to December 2020. Our aim was to analyze demographic and clinical characteristics relevant to BSIs. We also described the antimicrobial re

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… . | 12 (2.7) | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | 4 (0.9) | Acinetobacter baumannii | 4 (0.9) | Bacteroides spp. | 4 (0.9) | Citrobacter spp. | 3 (0.7) | Fusobacterium spp. | 3 (0.7) | Others a | 12 (2.7) Gram positives (n = 196) | 196 (44.3) | Enterococcus spp. | 72 (16.3) | | Enterococcus faecium … Among the four Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, 100.0% were multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). All Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates (n = 4) were found to be susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). …

Differences and trends in pathogens between ventilator-associated pneumonia and non-ventilator-associated pneumonia: data from 61 hospitals in Suzhou, China, 2020-2024.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in pathogenic bacterial profiles between ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and non-ventilator- … ing detection/composition ratios of key multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs): carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA); (4) susceptibility of major pathogens …

Multidrug-Resistant and Virulent Organisms Trauma Infections: Trauma Infectious Disease Outcomes Study Initiative.

INTRODUCTION: During the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, increased incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, as well as polymicrobial … acteria (e.g., ESKAPE pathogens-Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.), antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and clinical outcomes are being examined. Isolates collected from admission surveillance swabs, as part of infection control policy, and clinical infection worku …

ANCA Negative Vasculitis Manifesting as Pulmonary-Renal Syndrome in a Patient with Chronic Osteomyelitis.

A man in his early 60s, with a history of obstructive airway disease and hypertension, had a fall from a height 1 year ago. He developed a f … sterile. Sequestration and debridement of the lower limb wound were done, and the culture revealed Acinetobacter baumannii. On day 12, the patient had an episode of macroscopic hematuria, which resolved spontaneously. The coagulation profile was normal. On day 14, a similar episode reoccurred. In view of hematuria, resistant hypertension, worsening fluid overload, risin …

[Clinical features and prognostic risk assessment of pediatric sepsis].

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological features of pediatric sepsis in the Kashgar region and investigate factors associated with its pro … were detected in 59.5% (47/79) of the patients, with Staphylococcus aureus identified in 11 cases, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli in 6 cases each, Klebsiella pneumoniae in 5 cases, and Candida albicans in 3 cases. The mechanical ventilation rate was 59.5% (47/79). The total hospital length of stay ranged from 1 to 55 days, with a median of 14 days, while t …

Bloodstream infections and mortality-related factors in febrile neutropenic cancer patients.

BackgroundWe performed a prospective observational cohort study to evaluate the causative bacteria and to identify risk factors for mortality in febrile neutropenic (FN) patients with blood stream infection (BSI).Material/methodsWe conducted a prospective data collection on all patients with bacteremia or fungemia. The patients were assigned into low-risk and high-risk groups in accordance with the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Risk Index.ResultsThroughout the study period, the patients developed 420 FN episodes. Out of 420 episodes, only 90 (21.4%) were found

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… (VRE), pseudomonas aeruginosa , acinetobacter baumannii and stenotrophomonas maltophilia resistant to at least 3 different groups of antibiotics and extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing gram-negative bacilli were considered as multiple drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. …

Antibiotic resistance status and its costs in hematological patients: A two-year analysis.

BackgroundMost frequently, empirical antibiotic therapy is immediately administered for patients with febrile neutropenia (FN). In this study, its aim was to assess the antibiotic resistance status and the cost of antibacterial agents in FN patients associated with hematological malignancies.MethodsThe cost of antibacterial agents used in FN episodes in patients with hematologic neoplasms followed-up at the Department of Hematology from November 2010 to November 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsIn the study period, 15 of 141 patients who were admitted to the hematology ward and inelig

The burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in the WHO European region in 2019: a cross-country systematic analysis.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the most crucial threats to public health and modern health care. Previous stud … Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecium, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Methicillin-resistant S aureus was shown to be the leading pathogen-drug combination in 27 countries for deaths attributable to AMR, while aminopenicillin-resistant E coli predominated in 47 countries for deaths associated with AMR. INTERPRETATION …

[Investigation of the Antimicrobial Effects of Long-Term Used Drugs and In Vitro Interaction with Antimicrobial Agents].

People with chronic diseases have to use medication regularly and for a long time. Antimicrobial agents may be used concominantly together w … , ciprofloxacin MIC for Escherichia coli, imipenem MIC for Klebsiella pneumoniae, meropenem MIC for Acinetobacter baumannii, gentamicin MIC for Pseudomonas aeruginosa). In the presence of atorvastatin and rosuvastatin, MIC values of antibiotics against resistant S.aureus, E.faecalis, A.baumannii and K.pneumoniae isolates decreased by 4-fold or more. For the same agents, …

Estimates of antibiotic resistance in Italy and Western Europe in 2019: a MICROBE-based comparative analysis.

BACKGROUND: antimicrobial resistance (AMR) will cause 10 million deaths per year worldwide by 2050, with economic costs of up to 100 trillio … th deaths and DALYs, in both areas. The highest ABR-attributable percentage of deaths was found for Acinetobacter baumannii (28.4% in WE and 31.9% in Italy), accounting also for the highest percentage of ABR-attributable DALYs (28.4% in WE and 31.7% in Italy). The pathogen-drug combination with the highest burden associated with AMR was Escherichia coli-Aminopenicillin, …

The burden of antimicrobial resistance in the Americas in 2019: a cross-country systematic analysis.

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent global health challenge and a critical threat to modern health care. Quantifying its … eus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii. Together, these pathogens were responsible for 452,000 deaths (326,000-608,000) associated with AMR. Methicillin-resistant S. aureus predominated as the leading pathogen-drug combination in 34 countries for deaths attributable to AMR, while aminope …

Antimicrobial activities and action mechanism studies of transportan 10 and its analogues against multidrug-resistant bacteria.

The increased emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria is perceived as a critical public health threat, creating an urgent need for the development of novel classes of antimicrobials. Cell-penetrating peptides that share common features with antimicrobial peptides have been found to have antimicrobial activity and are currently being considered as potential alternatives to antibiotics. Transportan 10 is a chimeric cell-penetrating peptide that has been reported to transport biologically relevant cargoes into mammalian cells and cause damage to microbial membranes. In this study, we designed a

Cefiderocol: A Siderophore Cephalosporin with Activity Against Carbapenem-Resistant and Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli.

Cefiderocol is an injectable siderophore cephalosporin discovered and being developed by Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Japan. As with other β-lactam … β-lactamases. Cefiderocol is also more potent than both ceftazidime-avibactam and meropenem versus Acinetobacter baumannii, including meropenem non-susceptible and multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates. Cefiderocol's activity against meropenem-non-susceptible and Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriales is comparable or superior to ceftazidime- …

Clinical efficacy and risk factors of colistin sulfate in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli infections: A retrospective study.

OBJECTIVES: Infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) have become a global public health concern because of t … by bloodstream infection (17.0%). The predominant pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae (69.6%) and Acinetobacter baumannii (60.7%), and 72 (64.3%) patients were infected with 2 or more pathogens. All patients received combination therapy with colistin sulfate, most commonly in combination with carbapenems (75.0%). After treatment, the overall clinical response rate was …

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19- associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically patients: a single-center study.

OBJECTIVE: A single-center retrospective study was conducted according to the latest diagnostic criteria of the European Consortium for Myco … atients had concomitant bacterial fungal infections with a mortality rate of 57.14% (4/7), of which Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common pathogen. Among the patients with CAPA, galactomannan assay of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was performed in 5 patients with a 100% (5/5) positivity rate, and two or more serum galactomannan (GM) assays were performed in 1 …

Cefiderocol versus high-dose, extended-infusion meropenem for the treatment of Gram-negative nosocomial pneumonia (APEKS-NP): a randomised, double-blind, phase 3, non-inferiority trial.

BACKGROUND: Nosocomial pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens poses an increasing challenge. We compared the efficacy … m-negative pathogen, including Klebsiella pneumoniae (92 [32%]), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (48 [16%]), Acinetobacter baumannii (47 [16%]), and Escherichia coli (41 [14%]). 142 (49%) patients had an APACHE II score of 16 or more, 175 (60%) were mechanically ventilated, and 199 (68%) were in intensive care units at the time of randomisation. All-cause mortality at day 14 was …

[Clinical analysis of 32 adult patients with infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical feature of adult patients with infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (IAHS), and to improve the ab … ales (53.1%) and 15 females (46.9%). Eighteen patients were bacterial infection, most of which were Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli; 14 patients were viral infection, mainly EB virus; and the overall 28-day mortality was 62.5% (20/32). (1) Compared with the survival group (n = 12), the levels of white blood cell (WBC), neutrocyte (NEU), lymphocyte (LYM), pla …