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Вирус Эпштейна-Барра и спонтанные лимфобаластоидные линии клеток: построение, молекулярные характеристики, иммунная модуляция и терапевтическая проницательность.

Вирус Эпштейн-Барр (ЭБВ) — вездесущий герпесвирус с хорошо зарекомендовавшим себя онкогенным потенциалом, способствующий различным вредителям и иммуномедицинским заболеваниям. Его способность инфицировать и увековечить клетки В формирует основу для формирования лимфобаластоидных линий клеток (ЛКП), которые служат жизненно важными моделями иммунологии, вирологии и переводческих исследований. В то время как обычные ЛКП производятся экзогенной ОВБ-инфекцией периферийных моноядерных клеток крови, спонтанные лимфобаластоидные клеточные линии (S-LCLs) могут появиться без преднамеренной вирусной прив

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpesvirus with well-established oncogenic potential, contributing to various malignancies and imm … , and presents findings from diverse clinical contexts such as autoimmune diseases, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and cancer. We discuss the biological mechanisms underpinning EBV latency and reactivation, emphasizing the viral transcriptional programmes that drive B-cell transformation and persistence. Additionally, we explore how cytokines, particularly IL-1 …

Chronic recurrent wheals - If not chronic spontaneous urticaria, what else?

Chronic urticarial rash, mostly due to chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), is seen in up to 1 - 4% of the general population. Urticarial vasculitis (UV) and autoinflammatory syndromes, i.e., cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) and Schnitzler syndrome (SchS), can mimic CSU-like rash but represent rare disorders with systemic symptoms including fever, headache, conjunctivitis, and arthralgia. Clinical and laboratory features can point to the presence of any of these diseases in patients initially presenting with chronic urticarial rash. These include long-lasting wheals (> 24 hours),

Epstein-Barr Virus and Multiple Sclerosis: A Convoluted Interaction and the Opportunity to Unravel Predictive Biomarkers.

Since the early 1980s, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been described as one of the main risk factors for developing multiple scleros … instance, it is unclear why after EBV infection some individuals develop MS while others evolve to lymphoproliferative disorders or systemic autoimmune diseases. In this regard, recent studies suggest that the virus may exert epigenetic control over MS susceptibility genes by means of specific virulence factors. Such genetic manipulation has been described in virally-infected …

Predictive Factors of De Novo Malignancies After Living-Donor Liver Transplantation: A Single-Center Experience.

BACKGROUND: De novo malignancies are a major reason of long-term mortalities after liver transplantation. However, they usually receive mini … diagnosed. The most common de novo malignancies were cutaneous cancers (40%), post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (13.3%), colon cancers (13.3%), and breast cancers (13.3%). Acute cellular rejection (ACR) episodes occurred in 10 patients (66.7%). Mild ACR occurred in 8 patients (53.3%), and moderate ACR occurred in 2 patients (13.3%). All patients were managed …

A 58-Year-Old Woman With a History of Cardiac Myxoma Presents With Pulmonary Nodules.

A 58-year-old woman presented to a pulmonology clinic for evaluation of bilateral pulmonary nodules. Two years previously, she had presented … risk factors for silicosis. Family history was negative for autoimmune conditions, sarcoidosis, and lymphoproliferative disorders.

Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) Encephalitis in a Non-Transplant Patient With Polymyositis.

Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) was initially labeled as a human B lymphotropic virus because it was isolated in patients diagnosed with lymphoproliferative disorders. There are two variants of HHV-6: HHV-6A and HHV-6B. A considerable majority of recorded primary infections and reactivation events are primarily due to HHV-6B. We report a case of HHV-6 encephalitis reactivation in a 75-year-old Caucasian diabetic female with a past medical history of polymyositis treated with prednisone for a long time who presented with generalized weakness and drowsiness. She developed her symptoms after contact …

[Cavernous sinus syndrome as the initial symptom of Burkitt's lymphoma: a case report and literature review].

INTRODUCTION: The cavernous sinus is a structure in the base of the skull that houses several nerve and vascular structures. Its compromise leads to cavernous sinus syndrome, which is a combination of oculomotor disorders and others affecting the first two trigeminal branches, often accompanied by pain or proptosis. Infiltration due to Burkitt's lymphoma is a rare cause of this syndrome. CASE REPORT: A 43-year-old male, carrier of human immunodeficiency virus, with good control of the disease, who developed a clinical picture consisting of progressive painful ophthalmoplegia in the presence o

A novel surgical approach with peritonectomy to extranodal multisystemic histiocytic sarcoma: A case report and literature review.

INTRODUCTION: Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a very rare malignant histiocytic derivation cancer. The extranodal multisystemic HS has an aggres … g exams excluded the involvement of other gastro-intestinal districts in the absence of concomitant lymphoproliferative disorders, and PET-CT revealed multiple abdominal and mediastinal nodes hyperplasia. The patient performed chemotherapy and, seeing the partial abdominal extranodal response, was performed cytoreductive surgery (CRS). Histological examination confirmed the di …

Hematopoietic cell transplantation for diffuse large B-cell and follicular lymphoma: Current controversies and advances.

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) constitutes a collection of lymphoproliferative disorders with diverse biologic, histologic, and clinical features. With a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis, recently there have been major advances in the treatment of NHLs including addition of novel monoclonal antibodies, targeted therapies, and immune activators to the therapy armamentarium. Despite these remarkable developments, autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) remains not only a standard-of-care curative option for aggressive NHL but also an important therapeutic option …

Therapeutic Use of Brentuximab Vedotin in CD30+ Hematologic Malignancies.

The CD30 antigen is strongly expressed on neoplastic cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and oth … g, including at least diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, T-cell lymphomas other than ALCL and cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders. BV is administrated as outpatient regimen and is usually well tolerated; sensorial peripheral neuropathy represents the most common toxic effect, although it is dose-dependent and at least partially reversible in most cases, after dose reduction an …

Exome sequencing identifies recurrent BCOR alterations and the absence of KLF2, TNFAIP3 and MYD88 mutations in splenic diffuse red pulp small B-cell lymphoma.

Splenic diffuse red pulp lymphoma is an indolent small B-cell lymphoma recognized as a provisional entity in the World Health Organization 2008 classification. Its precise relationship to other related splenic B-cell lymphomas with frequent leukemic involvement or other lymphoproliferative disorders remains undetermined. We performed whole-exome sequencing to explore the genetic landscape of ten cases of splenic diffuse red pulp lymphoma using paired tumor and normal samples. A selection of 109 somatic mutations was then evaluated in a cohort including 42 samples of splenic diffuse red pulp ly…

Use of MRI to identify enlarged inferior gluteal and ischioanal lymph nodes and associated findings related to the primary disease.

PURPOSE: We aimed to draw attention to the lymph nodes at the inferior gluteal and ischioanal regions and evaluate the lesions accompanying them using 3.0 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: In total, 22 patients (15 men, 7 women; mean age, 50±11.2 years; age range, 32-71 years) were included in this study. The patients' medical records were reviewed. MRI data were reviewed on a picture archiving and communication system workstation by two radiologists in consensus. Lymph node location, laterality, number, and size were documented. RESULTS: The primary disorders causing the enlargem

Leukocyte common antigen (CD45) negative follicular lymphoma, a rare immunophenotypic presentation.

BACKGROUND: CD45 is universally expressed on nucleated hematopoietic cells in healthy individuals with variable intensities. Although down-regulation of CD45 expression is commonly seen in immature B-cell neoplasm, loss of CD45 expression is rarely observed in mature B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. CASE REPORT: A 64-y old man was presented with fatigue and night sweat in July 2013. Physical examination revealed right axillary lymphadenopathy without splenohepatomegaly. The lymph node was sent for flow cytometry and histomorphologic evaluation. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the prese…

Primary cutaneous lymphoma in southern Brazil: a 12-year single-center experience.

BACKGROUND: Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are a group of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas presenting with no evidence of extracutaneous … e 5-year survival rate was 74.8% for MF, 61% for Sézary syndrome, 87.5% for primary cutaneous CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders, and 88.9% for primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of patients with PCL from southern Brazil, CTCL/NKCL was more prevalent than CBCL, and the MF subtype was predominant. Survival curves were similar to those repo …

[Pneumocystosis in non-HIV-infected immunocompromised patients].

Pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly P. carinii) is an opportunistic fungus responsible for pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Pneumocystosis in non-HIV-infected patients differs from AIDS-associated pneumocystosis in mostly two aspects: diagnosis is more difficult, and prognosis is worse. Hence, efforts should be made to target immunocompromised patients at higher risk of pneumocystosis, so that they are prescribed long-term, low-dose, trimethoprime-sulfamethoxazole, highly effective for pneumocystosis prophylaxis. Patients at highest risk include those with medium and small vessels vasculit

Analysis of the Incidence of Noncutaneous Neoplasia After Lung Transplantation and Its Impact on Prognosis.

INTRODUCTION: Increased survival in lung transplant recipients, the need for immunosuppressive therapy, and many risk factors before and aft … patients. In total, 35 neoplasia developed in 33 patients (9.6%). Twelve cases were posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs), 7 localized in the native lung, 7 gynecologic neoplasia (2 in the breast, 4 in the vulva, and 1 in the cervix), 3 in the colon, 2 in the nervous system (one was an astrocytoma), 2 in the prostate, 1 in the kidney, and 1 in the esophagus. Th …

Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease: Lessons learned and unresolved issues.

The use of liver transplantation (LT) as a treatment for alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has been highly controversial since the beginning. Th … lly, LT for ALD is accompanied by an increased risk of de novo solid organ cancer, skin cancer, and lymphoproliferative disorders, which has a large impact on the survival rates.

Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with mature T-cell lymphoid malignancies: a single-institution study of 225 cases.

Mature T-cell lymphoid malignancies comprise a group of heterogeneous diseases that vary in clinicopathological features, biological behavior, treatment response, and prognosis. Bone marrow (BM) infiltration is more commonly present in mature T-cell lymphoid malignancies compared with their B-cell counterparts and hence important for differential diagnosis. In this study, clinical characteristics and prognostic factors were analyzed in 225 patients with mature T-cell lymphoid malignancies treated in a single institution. These included 29 cases of T-cell lymphoproliferative disorders (T-LPD, a…

Haematological profile of 21 patients with hairy cell leukaemia in a tertiary care centre of north India.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is a B cell neoplasm which constitutes around 2 per cent of all the lymphoid leukaemias. It has a characteristic morphology and immunophenotypic profile. It is important to distinguish HCL from other B cell lymphoproliferative disorders due to availability of different chemotherapeutic agents. This study presents clinical, haematological and immunophenotypic profile of patients with HCL seen over a period of four years in a tertiary care hospital in north India. METHODS: Twenty one cases of hairy cell leukaemia were analyzed for their clinic…

De novo malignancies after organ transplantation: focus on viral infections.

Organ transplantation is an increasingly used medical procedure for treating otherwise fatal end stage organ diseases with 107,000 transplan … hip between viral infections, immunosuppressive drugs and the risk of skin cancers, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, Kaposi sarcoma, cervical and other ano-genital cancers are reviewed in details.