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Recent Advances in Nanoparticle-Based Co-Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy.

Cancer therapies have advanced tremendously throughout the last decade, yet multiple factors still hinder the success of the different cancer therapeutics. The traditional therapeutic approach has been proven insufficient and lacking in the suppression of tumor growth. The simultaneous delivery of multiple small-molecule chemotherapeutic drugs and genes improves the effectiveness of each treatment, thus optimizing efficacy and improving synergistic effects. Nanomedicines integrating inorganic, lipid, and polymeric-based nanoparticles have been designed to regulate the spatiotemporal release of

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… Comb-like amphiphilic polypeptide-based copolymer nanomicelles for co-delivery of doxorubicin and P-gp siRNA into MCF-7 cells. Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 2016;62:564–573. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.007. 84. Zhang Y., Yang C., Wang W., Liu J., Liu Q., Huang F., Chu L., Gao H., Li C., Kong D., et al. …

Advances and Prospects of Prolamine Corn Protein Zein as Promising Multifunctional Drug Delivery System for Cancer Treatment.

Zein is a type of prolamine protein that is derived from corn, and it has been recognized by the US FDA as one of the safest biological materials available. Zein possesses valuable characteristics that have made it a popular choice for the preparation of drug carriers, which can be administered through various routes to improve the therapeutic effect of antitumor drugs. Additionally, zein contains free hydroxyl and amino groups that offer numerous modification sites, enabling it to be hybridized with other materials to create functionalized drug delivery systems. However, despite its potential

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… -7 cells and effectively inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. … -7 cells and effectively inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. …

Natural Products as Anticancer Agents: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Natural products have been an invaluable and useful source of anticancer agents over the years. Several compounds have been synthesized from natural products by modifying their structures or by using naturally occurring compounds as building blocks in the synthesis of these compounds for various purposes in different fields, such as biology, medicine, and engineering. Multiple modern and costly treatments have been applied to combat cancer and limit its lethality, but the results are not significantly refreshing. Natural products, which are a significant source of new therapeutic drugs, are cu

The Potential Role of Sildenafil in Cancer Management through EPR Augmentation.

Enhanced permeation retention (EPR) was a significant milestone discovery by Maeda et al. paving the path for the emerging field of nanomedicine to become a powerful tool in the fight against cancer. Sildenafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) through the relaxation of smooth muscles and the modulation of vascular endothelial permeability. Overexpression of PDE-5 has been reported in lung, colon, metastatic breast cancers, and bladder squamous carcinoma. Moreover, sildenafil has been reported to increase the sensitivity of

Bone Marrow Adipocytes, Adipocytokines, and Breast Cancer Cells: Novel Implications in Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer.

Accumulating discoveries highlight the importance of interaction between marrow stromal cells and cancer cells for bone metastasis. Bone is the most common metastatic site of breast cancer and bone marrow adipocytes (BMAs) are the most abundant component of the bone marrow microenvironment. BMAs are unique in their origin and location, and recently they are found to serve as an endocrine organ that secretes adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. It is reasonable to speculate that BMAs contribute to the modification of bone metastatic microenvironment and affecting metastatic br

Targeting NETosis: nature's alarm system in cancer progression.

Neutrophils are recognized active participants in inflammatory responses and are intricately linked to cancer progression. In response to inflammatory stimuli, neutrophils become activated, releasing neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) for the capture and eradication of pathogens, a phenomenon termed NETosis. With a deeper understanding of NETs, there is growing evidence supporting their role in cancer progression and their involvement in conferring resistance to various cancer therapies, especially concerning tumor reactions to chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT), and immunotherapy. This

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… CG stimulation releases IGF-1 from tumor cells, activating IGF-1R and inducing phosphorylation in MCF-7 cells. This activation enhances E-cadherin activity, subsequently stimulating secondary angiogenesis within target organs. Created with BioRender.com (accessed on 30 June 2022). … This induction results in the phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 in Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cells, further promoting the activation of E-cadherin [ 70 ] . …

Non-coding RNA/microRNA-modulatory dietary factors and natural products for improved cancer therapy and prevention: Alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids and water-soluble vitamins.

Non-coding small RNA molecules, the microRNAs (miRNAs), contribute decisively to the epigenetic regulation processes in cancer cells. Problematic pathogenic properties of cancer cells and the response of cancers towards anticancer drugs are highly influenced by miRNAs. Both increased drug activity and formation of tumor resistance are regulated by miRNAs. Further to this, the survival and proliferation of cancer cells and the formation of metastases is based on the modulated expression of certain miRNAs. In particular, drug-resistant cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) depend on the presence and abs

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… Matrine inhibits breast cancer growth via miR-21/PTEN/Akt pathway in MCF-7 cells Cell. Physiol. Biochem. 30 2012 631 641 22832383 10.1159/000341444 89 Li H. Xie S. Liu X. Wu H. Lin X. Gu J. Wang H. Duan Y. Matrine alters microRNA expression profiles in SGC-7901 human gastric cancer cells Oncol. …

Bone sialoprotein: a multifunctional regulator of bone remodelling and tumour progression.

Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is a major non-collagenous protein of the bone extracellular matrix and an important regulator of bone formation and resorption. BSP is produced by bone cells and chondrocytes and present in the bone matrix, cells, dentin and cartilage. However, its aberrant expression in primary tumour tissues and the sera of cancer patients with metastases implicates BSP in tumour biology and progression. The Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif of BSP may be crucial not only for the attachment of metastasising cells to the bone surface but also for tumour growth, survival and activity. This revie

Food-derived compounds targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy: from effects to mechanisms.

Ferroptosis is distinctive type programmed cell death. Tumor cells, with their higher iron levels, render them more susceptible to ferroptosis Inducing ferroptosis can activate immune cells, regulate immune evasion, and inhibit the biology activity of cancer cells. Therefore, ferroptosis-induced cancer cell death could become a promising approach for cancer treatment. Dietary compounds are an important source for drug discovery, and there has been an increasing amount of literature on food-derived ferroptosis inducers and their applications in cancer treatment. This review provides an overview

Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol as chemo and radiosensitizer in cancer.

One of the primary diseases that cause death worldwide is cancer. Cancer cells can be intrinsically resistant or acquire resistance to therapies and drugs used for cancer treatment through multiple mechanisms of action that favor cell survival and proliferation, becoming one of the leading causes of treatment failure against cancer. A promising strategy to overcome chemoresistance and radioresistance is the co-administration of anticancer agents and natural compounds with anticancer properties, such as the polyphenolic compound resveratrol (RSV). RSV has been reported to be able to sensitize c

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… -7 cells Overexpression of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) A hypoxic microenvironment that promotes resistance to radiotherapy Radiotherapy | Prostate cancer | Alteration of the DNA damage repair system, cell cycle disorders, imbalance of redox homeostasis, EMT, CSC and hypoxia in the tumor nucleus … Furthermore, in the study by ( Mitani et al., 2014 ), they investigated the effect of RSV on hypoxia-induced doxorubicin resistance in MCF-7 cells. …

PROTACs: great opportunities for academia and industry (an update from 2020 to 2021).

PROteolysis TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) technology is a new protein-degradation strategy that has emerged in recent years. It uses bifunctional small molecules to induce the ubiquitination and degradation of target proteins through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. PROTACs can not only be used as potential clinical treatments for diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, viral infections, and neurodegenerative diseases, but also provide unique chemical knockdown tools for biological research in a catalytic, reversible, and rapid manner. In 2019, our group published a review article "PROTACs:

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… In MCF-7 cells, it had a strong degradation activity for ERα protein, and the DC 50 was 0.3 nM. … The target specificity was further proved in human MCF-7 cells, which could effectively induce degradation of ERα, ERβ and GPER without affecting the PRs. …

Trends in utilization of stored cryopreserved autologous peripheral hematopoietic cells intended for a second (or beyond) autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma: a single center experience.

Due to the advent of effective novel therapies for multiple myeloma (MM), the use of cryopreserved autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic cells (APBHC) for a salvage autologous transplant (auto-HCT) is in decline. We evaluated utilization trends and costs associated with cryopreserved APBHC in patients with MM. We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathologic data from 440 patients with MM who underwent APBHC mobilization and collection at Mayo Clinic Florida between 2010 and 2019. Based on institution-specific charges as of May 2021, the cost of 1 session of APBHC collection/apheresis wa

Resveratrol Nanoformulations for Cancer Management: A Comprehensive Review of Disease-Specific Strategies and Clinical Translational Barriers.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for therapeutic strategies that reduce systemic toxicity and drug resistance. Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic stilbenoid, possesses antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-metastatic, and chemosensitizing activities. However, its clinical translation is limited by poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, rapid metabolic clearance, and consequently low systemic bioavailability. Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems provide a promising strategy to address these limitations. This review s

Role of Dietary Antioxidants in p53-Mediated Cancer Chemoprevention and Tumor Suppression.

Cancer arises through a complex interplay between genetic, behavioral, metabolic, and environmental factors that combined trigger cellular changes that over time promote malignancy. In terms of cancer prevention, behavioral interventions such as diet can promote genetic programs that may facilitate tumor suppression; and one of the key tumor suppressors responsible for initiating such programs is p53. The p53 protein is activated by various cellular events such as DNA damage, hypoxia, heat shock, and overexpression of oncogenes. Due to its role in cell fate decisions after DNA damage, regulato

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… Evidence indicated that harmine treatment induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through the upregulation of p53 expression and reported that harmine is able to upregulate p53 gene expression in breast cancer cell lines. … The role of harmine in up-regulating p53 gene expression and inducing apoptosis in MCF-7 cell line. Middle East Journal of Cancer. 2020;11(1):34–41. 186. Yan L., Huang H., Zhang Y., et al. …

The versatile emodin: A natural easily acquired anthraquinone possesses promising anticancer properties against a variety of cancers.

Cancers are generally recognized as the leading cause of death and a predominant barrier to prolonging life expectancy in both developed and developing countries. Emodin is a typical anthraquinone derivative from various plants that exhibits a wide spectrum of biological activities, such as anticancer, antibacterial, hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities. Much previous preclinical evidence has demonstrated that emodin exhibits reliable effects on several cancer types, including lung cancer, liver cancer, colon cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, leukemia, cervical cancer, and

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… Li et al . found that emodin inhibited the growth of MCF-7 cells (IC 50 = 7.22 μg/mL) and induced obvious apoptotic characteristics such as DNA fragmentation via both endogenous and exogenous apoptosis pathways 117 . … It was reported that emodin at 10 μg/mL could downregulate ERCC1 and inhibit doxorubicin (DOX)-cisplatin resistance in MCF-7 cells 123 . …

Recent advances in biomimetic nanodelivery systems for cancer Immunotherapy.

Tumor immunotherapy is a developing and promising therapeutic method. However, the mechanism of tumor immune microenvironment and individual differences of patients make the clinical application of immunotherapy still very limited. The resulting targeting of the tumor environment and immune system is a suitable strategy for tumor therapy. Biomimetic nanodelivery systems (BNDS) coated with nanoparticles has brought new hope for tumor immunotherapy. Due to its high targeting, maximum drug delivery efficiency and immune escape, BNDS has become one of the options for tumor immunotherapy in the fut

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… (A) Preparation of Exo-M (ICG/F X11); (B) Quantification of intracellular H 2 O 2 levels in MCF-7 cells after various treatments; (C) Quantification of intracellular O 2 levels in MCF-7 cells after various treatments; (D) Quantify intracellular ROS levels in MCF-7 cells incubated with various samples … (A) Preparation of Exo-M (ICG/F X11); (B) Quantification of intracellular H 2 O 2 levels in MCF-7 cells after various treatments; (C) Quantification of intracellular O 2 levels in MCF-7 cells after various treatments; (D) Quantify intracellular ROS levels in MCF-7 cells incubated with various samples …

Research advances in peptide‒drug conjugates.

Peptide‒drug conjugates (PDCs) are drug delivery systems consisting of a drug covalently coupled to a multifunctional peptide via a cleavable linker. As an emerging prodrug strategy, PDCs not only preserve the function and bioactivity of the peptides but also release the drugs responsively with the cleavable property of the linkers. Given the ability to significantly improve the circulation stability and targeting of drugs in vivo and reduce the toxic side effects of drugs, PDCs have already been extensively applied in drug delivery. Herein, we review the types and mechanisms of peptides, link

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… In addition, in human breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines, the cytotoxicity of drugs and their corresponding PDCs was assessed. … The experiment results revealed that the toxic effects were more apparent in U87 cells expressing α ν β 3 in comparison to HT-29 and MCF-7 cells, thus demonstrating the targeting role of cyclic peptide (c[DKP-f3-RGD]) in PDC. …

Another Weapon against Cancer and Metastasis: Physical-Activity-Dependent Effects on Adiposity and Adipokines.

Physically active behavior has been associated with a reduced risk of developing certain types of cancer and improved psychological conditions for patients by reducing anxiety and depression, in turn improving the quality of life of cancer patients. On the other hand, the correlations between inactivity, sedentary behavior, and overweight and obesity with the risk of development and progression of various cancers are well studied, mainly in middle-aged and elderly subjects. In this article, we have revised the evidence on the effects of physical activity on the expression and release of the ad

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… Macrophage-derived LCN2 induces EMT in MCF-7 cells, promotes local invasion of the ECM, and stimulates migration [ 134 ]. It also induces the expression of the pro-angiogenic mediators hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and VEGF in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-436 BC cells [ 135 ]. … Apelin-13 induces MCF-7 cell proliferation and invasion via phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2015;36:733–738. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2265. 73. Yang L., Su T., Lv D., Xie F., Liu W., Cao J., Sheikh I.A., Qin X., Li L., Chen L. …

Modulating the JAK/STAT pathway with natural products: potential and challenges in cancer therapy.

The Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is a critical signaling network governing cellular functions such as immune responses, proliferation, and apoptosis. Dysregulation of this pathway is strongly implicated in cancer progression. This review explores the therapeutic potential of natural products, including Curcumin, Resveratrol, Apigenin, and Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG), as modulators of the JAK/STAT pathway. These phytochemicals exhibit anticancer activity by inhibiting JAK/STAT phosphorylation, blocking STAT dimerization, and interfering wi

Revealing G4 Structures as Drug Targets: Exploring the Potential of Novel Therapeutic Agents.

G-quadruplex (G4) structures represent noncanonical secondary formations found in DNA and RNA. Recent research reveals that G4s are abnormally enriched in various cancers, with closely linked to malignancy, metastatic potential, and prognosis. These structures have emerged as promising biomarkers for cancer with notable clinical relevance. Concurrently, investigations into compounds that selectively recognize DNA or RNA G4s as potential anticancer agents offer new avenues for early cancer diagnosis and therapeutic strategies. This review systematically analyzes the chemical structural characte