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Infections and Their Outcomes in Cancer Patients With and Without Neutropenia: A Single-Center Experience.

Background Patients with cancer are at a high risk of developing infections due to immunosuppression resulting from cancer treatment. Infections may occur both during neutropenic and non-neutropenic episodes and negatively impact outcomes both in terms of hospital stay and mortality. In this study, we aimed to determine the infection types, microbiological picture of infections, their outcomes, and associated factors in cancer patients during neutropenic and non-neutropenic episodes. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Medical Oncology, Geetanja

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… cancer patients-results from a prospective study in two major large european cancer centers Antibiotics (Basel) Schöning S Barnbrock A Bochennek K Gordon K Groll AH Lehrnbecher T 11 2022 https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11070900 10.3390/antibiotics11070900 PMC9311840 35884154 8 Meropenem versus ceftazidime …

Bloodstream infections and mortality-related factors in febrile neutropenic cancer patients.

BackgroundWe performed a prospective observational cohort study to evaluate the causative bacteria and to identify risk factors for mortality in febrile neutropenic (FN) patients with blood stream infection (BSI).Material/methodsWe conducted a prospective data collection on all patients with bacteremia or fungemia. The patients were assigned into low-risk and high-risk groups in accordance with the Multinational Association for Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Risk Index.ResultsThroughout the study period, the patients developed 420 FN episodes. Out of 420 episodes, only 90 (21.4%) were found

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… Predictors of mortality in patients with bloodstream infection due to ceftazidime-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006;50:1715–20. doi: 10.1128/AAC.50.5.1715-1720.2006. 32. Blot S, Vandewoude K, De Bacquer D, Colardyn F. …

Prophylaxis and Empirical Therapy of Infection in Cancer Patients

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Predicting the complicated neutropenic fever in the emergency department.

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to identify independent factors that can be used to predict whether febrile neutropenic patients who appear healthy at presentation will develop subsequent complications, using variables that are readily available in the emergency department (ED).MethodThe medical records of 192 episodes in which the patients presented to the ED with neutropenic fever resulting from chemotherapy, with an alert mental state and haemodynamic stability were retrospectively reviewed. Endpoints examined were fever response to administered antibiotics, death or severe medical

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… A single antibiotic (meropenema, imipenem, cefepime or ceftazidime) was administered to 23 episodes. A total of 169 episodes (88.0%) was treated with the above-mentioned antibiotics in combination with an aminoglycoside. …

Comorbidities and mortality rate in COVID-19 patients with hematological malignancies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

IntroductionThe global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It seems that there is an association between blood cancer and an increased risk of severe COVID-19. This study aimed to review the literature reporting the COVID-19 outcomes in patients with hematological malignancies.Material and methodsIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, blood cancer, myeloma, lymphoma, and leukemia. All the

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… 56 | Italy | Dec 2020 | Case report | 1 | 50 | M | AML | all‐trans PRED | NR | RT‐PCR, CT scans | NR | Fever, ostealgia | Increased: LDH, creatine kinase, D‐dimer Decreased: ANC, PLT | None | Death Li 57 | China | Dec 2020 | Case report | 1 | 61 | M | MM | bortezomib, DEX | 0 y | RT‐PCR, CT scans | Ceftazidime … Moxifloxacin | 2/7 (28.57%) | 3 Paracetamol | 2/7 (28.57%) | 3 Sulbactam | 2/7 (28.57%) | 3 Teicoplanin | 2/7 (28.57%) | 3 Favipiravir | 198/830 (23.85%) | 7 Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) | 300/1324 (22.66%) | 14 Tocilizumab | 245/1286 (19.05%) | 13 Ampicillin | 1/6 (16.67%) | 2 Cefoperazone | 1/6 (16.67%) | 2 Ceftazidime …

Emergency Combination of Four Drugs for Bloodstream Infection Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Severe Agranulocytosis Patients with Hematologic Malignancies after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Bloodstream infection (BSI) caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria is a global threat. However, an effective treatment regimen is still controversial and inadequate due to the rapid deterioration caused by the bacteria. In immunocompromised and neutropenic patients, MDR-BSI is an emergency, which causes treatment-related mortality. In this study, four agranulocytosis patients with hematologic malignancies after HSCT receiving treatment for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae- (CRE-) BSI were included. Conventional treatment using two to th

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… Ceftazidime-avibactam: a review in the treatment of serious gram-negative bacterial infections Drugs 2018 78 6 675 692 10.1007/s40265-018-0902-x 2-s2.0-85045684798 29671219 …

Establishing a Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Lead Extraction Program in a Resource-Limited Setting.

BackgroundThe rising number of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) implantations in Asia is expected to increase CIED-related infections and lead malfunctions. Establishing a lead extraction program is therefore essential. We describe the set-up and early implementation of the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) Lead Extraction Program.MethodsData on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative management were collected, along with details on resources, personnel, and workflows. A descriptive analysis was performed.ResultsThe UP-PGH Lead Extraction Pr

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… .) | No vegetations on TEE Fibrotic lead encapsulations | Ceftazidime Vancomycin | 2 | 20 years | RV, RA | 0 Intraoperative data Case | Procedure venue | Anesthesia | Intraoperative imaging | Lead exrtaction tools | Adjunctive interventions | Successful extraction | Complications | Procedure duration …

Purpura fulminans secondary to Capnocytophaga canimorsus bacteraemia following a dog bite: A case report and review of literature.

IntroductionInfection due to Capnocytophaga canimorsus may result in a wide variety of clinical presentations. We present a case of life-threatening Capnocytophaga canimorsus infection with evolution of ecchymosis to purpura fulminans.Case descriptionWe present a case of a 43-year-old male with a history of excessive alcohol consumption who presented with features of sepsis following a dog bite. This was associated with a striking, widespread purpuric rash. A causative pathogen, C. canimorsus was identified through blood culture and 16S RNA sequencing. His initially purpuric rash underwent bul

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… AKI Respiratory failure (required mechanical ventilation) | Purpura fulminans DIC Metabolic acidosis (requiring dialysis) Respiratory failure Identification | Culture (8d) | Culture (11d) | Culture | Culture (72 h) | Culture Treatment | Required intensive care (ITU) admission Penicillin G Cloxacillin Ceftazidime …

Plasma levels of procalcitonin and eight additional inflammatory molecules in febrile neutropenic patients.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the association between different inflammatory markers and specific clinical endpoints in patients with febrile neutropenia.MethodWe prospectively evaluated the expression of procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin 8 (IL-8), induced protein-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), two soluble TNF-α receptors (sTNF-R I and sTNF-R II), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, and eotaxin in 37 episodes of febrile neutropenia occurring in 31 hospitalized adult onco-hematologic patients. Peripheral blood samples were collected i

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… The empirical antibiotic regimen used for the first episode of febrile neutropenia was monotherapy with cefepime or a combination of ceftazidime and an aminoglycoside. …

Diagnosis and Management of Oncologic Emergencies.

Oncologic emergencies may be seen in any emergency department and will become more frequent as our population ages and more patients receive chemotherapy. Life-saving interventions are available for certain oncologic emergencies if the diagnosis is made in a timely fashion. In this article we will cover neutropenic fever, tumor lysis syndrome, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and hyperviscosity syndrome. After reading this article the reader should be much more confident in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of these oncologic emergencies.

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… /0973-1482.137908 17 Paul M Dickstein Y Schlesinger A Beta-lactam versus beta-lactam-aminoglycoside combination therapy in cancer patients with neutropenia Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 29 6 CD003038 10.1002/14651858.CD003038.pub2 PMC6457814 23813455 18 Feld R DePauw B Berman S Meropenem versus ceftazidime …

Impact of Antibiotic Time-Outs in Multidisciplinary ICU Rounds for Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Patient Survival: A Controlled Before-and-After Study.

The antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) is an important quality improvement initiative that is recommended in the ICU. However, the shortage of infectious disease physicians in Japan has led to the need for simpler methods for implementing ASPs. We investigated whether antibiotic time-outs (ATOs) during multidisciplinary rounds as part of an ASP can improve patient survival and reduce the number of days of therapy (DOT) with antibiotics.DesignSingle-center controlled before-and-after study.SettingMedical/surgical ICU in a tertiary university medical center in Tokyo, Japan.PatientsAll patie

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… B , DOT with antipseudomonal antibiotics, including tazobactam/piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefepime, cefozopran, meropenem, doripenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and pazufloxacin. C , DOT with carbapenems, including meropenem, doripenem, and imipenem. …

Isolation of a Highly Purified HSC-enriched CD34+CD90+CD45RA- Cell Subset for Allogeneic Transplantation in the Nonhuman Primate Large-animal Model.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a common treatment for patients suffering from different hematological disorders. Allo-HCT in combination with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy is considered a promising treatment option for millions of patients with HIV+ and acute myeloid leukemia. Most currently available HSC gene therapy approaches target CD34-enriched cell fractions, a heterogeneous mix of mostly progenitor cells and only very few HSCs with long-term multilineage engraftment potential. As a consequence, gene therapy approaches are currently limited

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… Antiviral, antifungal, and antibacterial prophylaxis included acyclovir (10 mg/kg IV daily), cidofovir (5 mg/kg IV weekly), vancomycin (20 mg/kg daily), ceftazidime (150 mg/kg IV daily), and fluconazole (5 mg/kg orally or IV daily) as previously described. 34 MHC Typing MHC typing was performed by …

Current trends of infectious complications following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a single center.

This study was to analyze the infectious complications after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) according to the recent changes of HSCT. Medical records of 379 adult patients who underwent HSCT consecutively at Catholic HSCT Center from January 2001 to December 2002 were reviewed retrospectively. Allogeneic HSCT accounted for 75.7% (287/379) and autologous HSCT for 24.3% (92/379). During pre-engraftment period, bacterial infection was predominant, and E. coli was still the most common organism. After engraftment, viral infection was predominant. The incidence of invasive fungal inf

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… Febrile neutropenic patients were initially treated with ceftazidime (2 g i.v. twice daily) or cefepime (2 g i.v. twice daily) in combination with amikacin (750 mg, single daily). …

Plesiomonas shigelloides Bacteremia: A Scoping Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Outcomes, and Implications of Antimicrobial Stewardship.

Plesiomonas shigelloides, an aquatic Gram-negative bacillus often associated with self-limiting gastroenteritis, has been reported worldwide. However, to date, no reviews have specifically investigated P. shigelloides bacteremia, which is rare and potentially fatal. This scoping review aimed to examine the existing literature to identify the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and outcomes of P. shigelloides bacteremia. A PRISMA-ScR-guided search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase identified 22 published cases, all reported as single-patient case re

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… Susceptibility was most frequently reported for ceftriaxone [ 11 , 21 , 24 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ], ceftazidime [ 10 , 11 , 16 , 20 , 26 , 29 , 30 ], and cefepime [ 24 , 27 , 29 , 30 ]. …

Расследование результатов и лечение длинных коронавирусных заболеваний 2019 года у пациентов с множественным склерозом, обработанных ритуксимаб: тематическое исследование.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание, затрагивающее центральную нервную систему, характеризующееся разрушением миелинской ножки нервов. Пациенты MS, которые лечились ритуксимабом, иммунодепрессивным препаратом, страдают от снижения уровня иммуноглобулина, что повышает их риск различных инфекций, включая коронавирусную болезнь 2019 года (COVID-19). Во время пандемии COVID-19 у многих из этих пациентов появились долгосрочные симптомы после инфицирования. Эти хронические симптомы привели к значительным осложнениям, а в некоторых случаях к росту смертности. В ходе этог

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… The patient had two prior hospitalizations and received treatment with corticosteroids, gentamicin, co-amoxiclav, levofloxacin, and ceftazidime, which yielded no improvement. The patient reported a history of seizures in addition to MS and denied tobacco, alcohol, or illicit drug use. …

Antibiotic rotation for febrile neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies: clinical significance of antibiotic heterogeneity.

BackgroundOur unit adopted the single administration of cefepime as the initial treatment for febrile episodes in neutropenic patients with hematological malignancies. However, recently, cefepime-resistant gram-negative bacteremia, including those with extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producers, was frequently observed in these patients. Therefore, we instituted a rotation of primary antibiotics for febrile neutropenic patients in an attempt to control antibiotic resistance.MethodsThis prospective trial was performed from August 2008 through March 2011 at our unit. After a pre-intervention

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… Brahmi N, Blel Y, Kouraichi N, Lahdhiri S, Thabet H, et al. (2006) Impact of ceftazidime restriction on gram-negative bacterial resistance in an intensive care unit. J Infect Chemother 12: 190–194. 30. …

Duration of Hospitalization is Associated with the Gut Microbiome in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Early Results from a Randomized Trial of Home Versus Hospital Transplantation.

Home-based hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is an innovative care model with growing interest, but its impact on the gut microbiome remains unexplored in a randomized setting. We present interim results from the first randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating the effect of HCT location-home versus hospital-on gut microbial diversity and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene carriage. We hypothesize that patients randomized to undergo home HCT would have higher gut taxonomic diversity and lower AMR gene abundance compared to those undergoing standard hospital HCT. We analyzed sto

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… Table 1 Demographics and transplant characteristics of patients included, comparing patients randomized to home and hospital HCT. 1 One patient in the Hospital HCT group with unknown ethnicity. 2 Includes ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin-tazobactam, meropenem, aztreonam. 3 Includes piperacillin-tazobactam …

Смерть, вызванная распространением Герпеса Зостера в пациенте с множественной миеломой: Case Report and Licture Review.

Мы сообщаем о смертельном случае распространения герпеса-зостера в пациенте с множественной миеломой, иллюстрируя серьёзный риск иммунокомпромированных людей от вирусных инфекций. Путем объединения подробного доклада по делу с обширным анализом литературы в документе делается попытка пролить свет на факторы, лежащие в основе подверженности вирусной инфекции варицелла-зостр у нескольких пациентов, страдающих миэломой. Мы дополнительно оцениваем эффективные профилактические протоколы для герпеса-зостра, направленные на оснащение врачей улучшенными терапевтическими стратегиями. В данном случае по

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… Throughout this period, a comprehensive anti-infective regimen was employed, including piperacillin-tazobactam, ganciclovir, meropenem, minocycline, azithromycin, sulfamethoxazole, polymyxin B, amphotericin B, fluconazole, voriconazole, tigecycline, omadacycline, and ceftazidime-avibactam, alongside …

Oral bacteria and yeasts in relationship to oral ulcerations in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

BackgroundOral mucositis is a serious and debilitating side effect of conditioning regimens for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Through HSCT, the homeostasis in the oral cavity is disrupted. The contribution of the oral microflora to mucositis remains to be clarified. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between yeasts, bacteria associated with periodontitis, and oral ulcerations in HSCT recipients.MethodsThis prospective observational study included 49 adult HSCT recipients. Twice weekly, oral ulcerations were scored, and oral rinsing samples were obtained. Samp

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… Pre-emptive antibiotics, consisting of vancomycin and ceftazidime, were administered when patients developed a fever. During hospitalization, all patients received standardized oral care aimed at preventing the accumulation of plaque and keeping the oral tissues moist. …

Antibiotic prophylaxis in percutaneous nephrostomy placements and replacements for malignant urinary tract obstruction. Retrospective cohort study with systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Percutaneous nephrostomy (PN) can lead to urinary tract infections (UTIs), but these can be prevented by administering antibiotics. However, the effectiveness of this approach is debated. METHODS: To evaluate the association between PN-related UTIs and antibiotic prophylaxis in cancer patients. This is a hybrid study was designed. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on cancer patients requiring PN, comparing antibiotic prophylaxis with no prophylaxis. The outcome, UTI, was measured up to seven days after the procedure. This cohort study was included in a systematic review

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… As the main bacteria found in urine cultures collected before the PN placement were Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis , future studies should compare an antibiotic prophylaxis regimen involving ceftazidime and ampicillin or amikacin and ampicillin with a placebo. …