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Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated.

IntroductionPesticides pose a risk for cancer development and progression. People are continuously exposed to such substances by several routes, including daily intake of contaminated food and water, especially in countries that are highly pesticide consumers and have very permissive legislation about pesticide contamination as Brazil. This work investigated the relationship among pesticides, food contamination, and dietary cancer risk.MethodsAnalyzed two social reports from the Brazilian Government: the Program for Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Food (PARA) and The National Program for

Antioxidant Intake and Antitumor Therapy: Toward Nutritional Recommendations for Optimal Results.

The role of the induction of oxidative stress as the mechanism of action of many antitumor drugs is acquiring an increasing interest. In such cases, the antitumor therapy success may be conditioned by the antioxidants present in our own body, which can be synthesized de novo (endogenous) or incorporated through the diet and nutritional supplements (exogenous). In this paper, we have reviewed different aspects of antioxidants, including their classification, natural sources, importance in diet, consumption of nutritional supplements, and the impact of antioxidants on health. Moreover, we have f

Aminoquinolines as Translational Models for Drug Repurposing: Anticancer Adjuvant Properties and Toxicokinetic-Related Features.

The indiscriminate consumption of antimalarials against coronavirus disease-2019 emphasizes the longstanding clinical weapons of medicines. In this work, we conducted a review on the antitumor mechanisms of aminoquinolines, focusing on the responses and differences of tumor histological tissues and toxicity related to pharmacokinetics. This well-defined analysis shows similar mechanistic forms triggered by aminoquinolines in different histological tumor tissues and under coexposure conditions, although different pharmacological potencies also occur. These molecules are lysosomotropic amines th

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… Chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine + all-trans retinoic acid also reduced MCF-7 cells positive for Ki67, and their clonogenicity and hydroxychloroquine altered the acetylation status in the N-terminal lysines of the histones H3 and H4, epigenetic sites expected by the “zip”: model of histone acetylation … This proliferative reduction was confirmed by DNA quantification and increased levels of p53 and p21 Cip1 after the treatment of MCF-7 cells with chloroquine, but not everolimus, which indicates that G 1 arrest is mediated by tumor suppressor pathways p53 and p21 [ 48 ]. …

Current Advances of Nanomedicines Delivering Arsenic Trioxide for Enhanced Tumor Therapy.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is one of the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Its anti-cancer activities against various human neoplastic diseases have been extensively studied. However, the clinical use of ATO for solid tumors is limited, and these limitations are because of severe systemic toxicity, low bioavailability, and quick renal elimination before it reaches the target site. Although without much success, several efforts have been made to boost ATO bioavailability toward solid tumors without raising its dose. It has been found that nanomedicines have various

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… Another report showed that ATO and PTX co-delivered by nanoparticles displayed a significant synergistic effect against MCF-7 cells. This combinatorial treatment significantly affected the cell-cycle and induced apoptosis [ 102 ]. … Synthesis and Characterization of Arsenic(III) Oxide Nanoparticles as Potent Inhibitors of MCF 7 Cell Proliferation through Proapoptotic Mechanism BioNanoScience 2020 10 420 429 10.1007/s12668-020-00726-0 69. Kong D. Jiang T. Liu J. Jiang X. Liu B. Lou C. Zhao B. Carroll S.L. Feng G. …

Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Conventional anticancer therapies are associated with lack of selectivity and serious side effects. Cancer hallmarks are biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells during neoplastic transformation. Targeting multiple cancer hallmarks is a promising strategy to treat cancer. The diversity in chemical structure and the relatively low toxicity make plant-derived natural products a promising source for the development of new and more effective anticancer therapies that have the capacity to target multiple hallmarks in

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… Essentially, the inhibition of rRNA transcription and cell proliferation by EGCG was particularly detected in MCF-7 cells; however, it was not detected in non-tumorigenic MCF10A cells [ 195 ]. 5.5. … Moreover, it was found that allicin is capable of inhibiting the expression of VCAM-1 in MCF-7 cells [ 205 ]. In addition, allicin can also inhibit telomerase activity and induce the apoptosis of gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells [ 206 ]. …

AVN944 Elicits Apoptotic Responses and Impedes Tumorigenic Potential in Ewing's Sarcoma Cells.

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase 2 (IMPDH2) is implicated in survival and proliferation of cancer cells because of its role in guanine nucleotide biosynthesis. This study evaluates the efficacy of AVN944, an IMPDH2 inhibitor, as a treatment for Ewing's sarcoma, a challenging malignancy in pediatric and young adult patients. Gene expression data, as well as clinical outcomes for sarcoma patients, from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were analyzed to determine the association between IMPDH2 expression and survival. Human Ewing's sarcoma cell lines and xenograft models were used to evaluate the

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… IMPDH2 was detected across all three cell lines, as well as in HeLa and MCF-7 cells, which served as positive controls (Figure 1 C). The α/β-Tubulin bands confirmed equal loading of cell lysates in each lane, validating the observed expression levels of IMPDH2. …

Statins: a repurposed drug to fight cancer.

As competitive HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, statins not only reduce cholesterol and improve cardiovascular risk, but also exhibit pleiotropic effects that are independent of their lipid-lowering effects. Among them, the anti-cancer properties of statins have attracted much attention and indicated the potential of statins as repurposed drugs for the treatment of cancer. A large number of clinical and epidemiological studies have described the anticancer properties of statins, but the evidence for anticancer effectiveness of statins is inconsistent. It may be that certain molecular subt

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… Breast cancers | Simvastatin | In vitro | 0–1000 μM | - | Simvastatin induces the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells by increasing caspase-3 and Bax expression | [ 70 ] Simvastatin | In vitro | 0–150 μM | - | Simvastatin induces apoptosis, suppress proliferation and dephosphorylate sequential signaling cascades … -7 cell death | [ 74 ] Simvastatin | In vitro | 0–5 μM | - | Simvastatin increased the expression of miR-140-5p in a dose dependent manner via activating transcription factor NRF1, reduced cell proliferation and induced apoptosis | [ 75 ] Simvastatin | In vitro | 0–100 μM | - | Simvastatin showed the …

A Review of Resveratrol as a Potent Chemoprotective and Synergistic Agent in Cancer Chemotherapy.

Background: Cancer has become a major disease endangering human health around the world. Conventional chemotherapy suffers from many side effects including pain, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and renal toxicity. This review aims to describe a natural product of resveratrol as a chemoprotective and synergistic agent in the modulation of cancer chemotherapy. Methods: The publications were identified by comprehensive searching of SciFinder, PubMed, Web of Science, and our own reference library. Search terms included combinations of "resveratrol," "cancer," "natural products," "chemotherapy," an

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… This effect may be related to the ability of RES to sensitize MCF-7 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells to MEL induced apoptosis. …

Anticancer Potential of Whey Proteins-A Systematic Review of Bioactivity and Functional Mechanisms.

Cancer remains a primary global health concern, with treatment-related side effects and malnutrition posing significant challenges to patient care and recovery. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the therapeutic potential of functional food components, especially whey proteins (WPs), due to their notable antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anticancer properties. This systematic review explores the effects of WPs across various cancer types and assesses their value as supportive nutritional agents. A thorough literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science

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… Effect of whey protein derivatives on cell viability, cell migration and cell cycle phases in MCF-7 cells. Marmara Med. J. 2023;36:39–45. doi: 10.5472/marumj.1244676. 43. Dreanca A., Sarpataki O., Popescu A., Toma A.G., Moldovan M., Prodan D., Nagy A., Sevastre B., Marcus I. …

Essential oils and their constituents as anticancer agents: a mechanistic view.

Exploring natural plant products as an option to find new chemical entities as anticancer agents is one of the fastest growing areas of research. Recently, in the last decade, essential oils (EOs) have been under study for their use in cancer therapy and the present review is an attempt to collect and document the available studies indicating EOs and their constituents as anticancer agents. This review enlists nearly 130 studies of EOs from various plant species and their constituents that have been studied so far for their anticancer potential and these studies have been classified as in vitr

The osteoblast in regulation of tumor cell dormancy and bone metastasis.

Breast and prostate cancer are among the most common malignancies worldwide. After treatment of the primary tumor, distant metastases often occur after a long disease-free interval. Bone is a major site for breast and prostate cancer metastasis and approximately 70% of patients with advanced disese suffer from osteolytic or osteoblastic bone metastases, a stage at which the disease is incurable. In bone, the disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) can become quiescent or "dormant", a state where they are alive but not actively dividing. Alternatively, the cancer cells can proliferate, disturb the bone

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… Similarly, MCF-7 cells entered a dormant stage when co-cultured with human or mouse osteoblasts in a 3D model [34] . … Binding of LIF to the LIF receptor (LIFR) on cancer cells induces the expression of TSP-1, tropomyosin and other dormancy promoting genes while inhibitor of LIFR in MCF-7 cells reduced p53 expression [39] . …

Applications of Curcumin and Its Nanoforms in the Treatment of Cancer.

Due to the diverse medicinal and pharmacokinetic properties of turmeric, it is well-known in the therapeutic, pharmaceutic, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and dietary industries. It gained importance due to its multitude of properties, such as wound-healing, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, cytoprotective, anti-aging, anti-cancer, and immunomodulatory effects. Even though the natural healing effect of turmeric has been known to Indians as early as 2500 BCE, the global demand for turmeric has increased only recently. A major reason for the beneficiary activities of turmeric is the pre

Human antigen R-regulated CCL20 contributes to osteolytic breast cancer bone metastasis.

Breast cancer mainly spreads to bone, causing decreased survival of patient. Human antigen R (HuR) and chemokines are important molecules associated with mRNA stability and cell-cell interaction in cancer biology. Here, HuR knockdown inhibited bone metastasis and osteolysis of metastatic breast cancer cells in mice and HuR expression promoted the metastatic ability of cancer cells via CCL20 and GM-CSF. In contrast with the findings for GM-CSF, ELAVL1 and CCL20 expressions were markedly increased in breast tumor tissues and ELAVL1 expression showed a strong positive correlation with CCL20 expre

Potential therapeutic targets of Guggulsterone in cancer.

Natural compounds capable of inducing apoptosis in cancer cells have always been of considerable interest as potential anti-cancer agents. Many such compounds are under screening and development with their potential evolution as a clinical drug benefiting many of the cancer patients. Guggulsterone (GS), a phytosterol isolated gum resin of the tree Commiphora mukul has been widely used in Indian traditional medicine as a remedy for various diseses. GS has been shown to possess cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic potential as established by in vitro and in vivo studies. GS has been shown to t

High-dose carboplatin, etoposide and melphalan (CEM) with peripheral blood progenitor cell support as late intensification for high-risk cancer: non-haematological, haematological toxicities and role of growth factor administration.

The present report describes the non-haematological toxicity and the influence of growth factor administration on haematological toxicity and haematopoietic recovery observed after high-dose carboplatin (1200 mg m(-2)), etoposide (900 mg m(-2)) and melphalan (100 mg m(-2)) (CEM) followed by peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation (PBPCT) in 40 patients with high-risk cancer during their first-line treatment. PBPCs were collected during the previous outpatient induction chemotherapy programme by leukaphereses. CEM administration with PBPCT was associated with low non-haematological tox

Trial watch: beta-blockers in cancer therapy.

Compelling evidence supports the hypothesis that stress negatively impacts cancer development and prognosis. Irrespective of its physical, biological or psychological source, stress triggers a physiological response that is mediated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic adrenal medullary axis. The resulting release of glucocorticoids and catecholamines into the systemic circulation leads to neuroendocrine and metabolic adaptations that can affect immune homeostasis and immunosurveillance, thus impairing the detection and eradication of malignant cells. Moreover, catech

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… -7 cells | Reduced adrenaline and isoprenaline induced lipid droplets cAMP, PKA, EPAC-dependent way | 44 Breast cancer | Propranolol | Murine breast tumor 4T1 cells | Reduction of inducible MDSC in vitro ; inhibition of IL-6 expression | 116 Breast cancer, colon cancer, melanoma | Propranolol | Murine … -7 cells | Inhibition of migration and invasion via inhibition of Src pathway | 104 Breast cancer | Propranolol | Murine breast cancer 4T1 cells, human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells | Decreased HK-2 expression; inhibition of glucose metabolism | 187 Breast cancer | Propranolol | Human breast …

Clinical Applications and Anticancer Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides: From Bench to Bedside.

Cancer is a multifaceted global health issue and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, medical science has achieved great advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Despite the numerous advantages of conventional cancer therapies, there are major drawbacks including severe side effects, toxicities, and drug resistance. Therefore, the urgency of developing new drugs with low cytotoxicity and treatment resistance is increasing. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted attention as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various cancers, targeting tu

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… They found that 16 proteins in F2 and F5 fractions induced significant cytotoxicity on MCF-7 cell lines. They showed that these small cationic amphipathic peptides could be hopeful agents for novel anticancer drug development ( 99 ). … Cell Surface Binding, Uptaking and Anticancer Activity of L-K6, a Lysine/Leucine-Rich Peptide, on Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells . Sci Rep ( 2017 ) 7 ( 1 ): 1 – 13 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-08963-2 28811617 PMC5557901 39 Ren SX Shen J Cheng AS Lu L Chan RL Li ZJ . …

Cancer Stem Cells: The Potential Targets of Chinese Medicines and Their Active Compounds.

The pivotal role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the initiation and progression of malignancies has been rigorously validated, and the specific methods for identifying and isolating the CSCs from the parental cancer population have also been rapidly developed in recent years. This review aims to provide an overview of recent research progress of Chinese medicines (CMs) and their active compounds in inhibiting tumor progression by targeting CSCs. A great deal of CMs and their active compounds, such as Antrodia camphorate, berberine, resveratrol, and curcumin have been shown to regress CSCs, in t

Combating Methotrexate Resistance in Cancer Treatment: A Review on Navigating Pathways and Enhancing Its Efficacy With Fat-Soluble Vitamins.

Methotrexate (MTX), a potent analogue and antagonist of folic acid, is a first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, IBD and cancer. The development of MTX resistance contributes to the reduced efficacy and development of adverse reactions, forcing clinicians to withdraw treatment early. This drawback requires combinational approaches to combat the resistance and enhance the efficacy and safety of MTX. To provide a brief overview of MTX resistance and strategies to mitigate its aftereffects in cancer therapy, a literature-based search was conducted using keywords such as cancer pathology, M

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… A recent study reported that activating the VDR and reducing Wnt/β-catenin signalling on calcitriol treatment to MCF-7 cells resulted in G0/G1 phase arrest, inhibition of proliferation, promotion of apoptosis and DNA damage. … Shikonin, Vitamin K3 and Vitamin K5 Inhibit Multiple Glycolytic Enzymes in MCF-7 Cells Oncology Letters 2018 15 5 7423 7432 10.3892/ol.2018.8251 2-s2.0-85044635095 29725454 PMC5920510 164 Simes D. C. Viegas C. S. B. Araújo N. Marreiros C. …

Anti-Cancer Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds Inducing ER Stress-Mediated Apoptosis: A Review.

Cancer is the second biggest cause of death worldwide. Despite a number of studies being conducted, the effective mechanism for treating cancer has not yet been fully understood. The tumor-microenvironment such as hypoxia, low nutrients could disturb function of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to maintain cellular homeostasis, ultimately leading to the accumulation of unfolded proteins in ER, so-called ER stress. The ER stress has a close relation with cancer. ER stress initiates unfolded protein response (UPR) to re-establish ER homeostasis as an adaptive pathway in cancer. However, persistent ER

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… In vitro, ROS-dependent ER stress activation and mitochondrial-related apoptotic pathway were identified in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cell lines with treatment of berberine [ 92 ]. … Expression of CHOP, PERK and ROS was increased in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells by treatment of ampelopsin (AMP; a main bioactive constituent of Ampelopsis grossedentata ). …