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Barriers and Facilitators in the Implementation of the Systematic Medical Appraisal, Referral, and Treatment (SMART) Mental Health Digital Intervention in Rural India: Mixed Methods Process Evaluation Study.

BACKGROUND: An estimated 150 million people have mental health care needs in India, but only 15% are able to access care. Depression and anxiety contribute to a large proportion of mental morbidity. The Systematic Medical Appraisal, Referral, and Treatment (SMART) Mental Health trial used a mobile-based clinical decision support system for primary care doctors and community health workers (CHWs) to identify and treat people at risk of depression, anxiety disorders, and self-harm. A community-based antistigma campaign was also delivered. The intervention led to improved remission rates for depr

Laboratory-Confirmed Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E, and Rotavirus Infections at a Tertiary Care Center in Eastern Rajasthan, India: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) are important fecal-oral viral causes of acute hepatitis, whereas rotavirus is a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in India. Their occurrence varies by age, season, sanitation, and local exposure patterns. This prospective study assessed the laboratory positivity, temporal distribution, and clinico-epidemiological characteristics of HAV, HEV, and rotavirus infections among eligible patients tested at a tertiary care center in Eastern Rajasthan, India. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted at RVRS (Rajmata Vi

Prevalence and factors associated with childhood malaria and anaemia in Osun state, Nigeria: a baseline household malariometric study.

BACKGROUND: Under-5 children have been known to bear a significant burden of malaria in endemic countries. Though significant progress has b … THODS: A cross-sectional household malariometric study was conducted in 80 communities across eight Local Government areas (LGAs) in Osun State. Ethical approval was obtained from Osun State Health Research Ethical Committee (OSHREC/PRS/569T312/ on the 22nd of May 2023. Malaria test positivity was determined by rapid diagnostic test (RDT) and microscopy. In additi …

Shaping a low-carbon future: Uncovering the spatial-temporal effect of population aging on carbon emissions in China.

BACKGROUND: With the accelerated development of the aging trend in Chinese society, the aging problem has become one of the key factors affecting sustainable economic and social development. Given the importance of controlling carbon emissions for achieving global climate goals and China's economic transformation, studying the spatial and temporal effects of population aging on carbon emissions and their pathways of action is of great significance for formulating low-carbon development strategies adapted to an aging society. OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to explore the spatial-temporal effects o

Lived Experiences of Health Workers in the Implementation of Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis Deworming Program in South Cotabato: A Phenomenological Inquiry.

BACKGROUND: The deworming program, also known as preventive chemotherapy, is one of the most important strategies in combatting Soil-transmi … ess to hard-to-reach areas, and strengthening community engagements, particularly with barangay and local government officials are essential to address the gaps in the implementation. There must also be improvements in monitoring and evaluation of the program, and additional support and incentives to healthcare workers to sustain implementations.

Prevalence of offering menopause hormone therapy among primary care doctors and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Guidelines recommend Menopausal Hormone Therapy (MHT) as the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms. However, a local study found that the usage of MHT among menopausal women was low (8.1%), with one of the main reasons being it is not recommended by doctors. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of offering MHT in treating symptomatic menopausal women among primary care doctors (PCDs) and its associated factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study involved PCDs from the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, the Federal Territory of Putraja

Assessing urogenital schistosomiasis and female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) among adolescents in Anaocha, Anambra State, Nigeria: implications for ongoing control efforts.

BACKGROUND: Urogenital schistosomiasis (UgS) remains a persistent health challenge among adolescents in Anambra State, Nigeria, despite ongo … ains unclear. METHODOLOGY: To address these gaps, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Anaocha Local Government Area from February to May 2023. Four hundred and seventy consenting adolescents aged 10-19 years were enrolled. Urinalysis including urine filtration was employed to confirm haematuria and detect urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS) among the participan …

Understanding sexual behaviors of youth from the lens of caregivers, teachers, local leaders and youth in Homabay County, Kenya.

In Kenya similar to other countries in Eastern and Southern Africa There is a disproportionately high burden of the global HIV incidence among youth ages 15-24 years, and where adolescent girls and young women account for up to a third of all incident HIV infections and more than double the burden of HIV compared to their male peers. Previous work has shown early sexual debut as entry point into risks to sexual and reproductive health among young people including STI/HIV acquisition. This was a formative assessment of the local context of three sexual risk behaviors among youth ages of 15-24 y

Assessing a model of Pacific Northwest harmful algal bloom transport as a decision-support tool.

In the Pacific Northwest, blooms of the diatom Pseudo-nitzschia (PN) sometimes produce domoic acid, a neurotoxin that causes amnesic shellfish poisoning, leading to a Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) event. The Pacific Northwest (PNW) HAB Bulletin project, a partnership between academic, government, and tribal stakeholders, uses a combination of beach and offshore monitoring data and ocean forecast modeling to better understand the formation, evolution, and transport of HABs in this region. This project produces periodic Bulletins to inform local stakeholders of current and forecasted conditions. The

Вспышка инфекции Арбовира в регионе с эндемической малярией из Северо-Западной Нигерии: доклад о расследовании.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: < < Арбовирусы > > -- это группа инфекционных веществ, передаваемых кровососищающими артроподами из одного носителя позвоночных в другой. В число агентов входят, в частности, лихорадка Денге и вирус Западного Нила. Однако лихорадка Денге в настоящее время является самым быстро распространяющимся в мире тропическим заболеванием, при этом ежегодное число случаев этого заболевания за последние 50 лет возросло в 30 раз. В последнем квартале 2016 года в Сокото, северо-западная Нигерия, поступили сообщения о случаях неизвестного фебрилального заболевания. Мы провели расследован

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Arboviruses are a group of infectious agents transmitted by blood-sucking arthropods from one vertebrate host to another. The … 6 deaths (case fatality rate: 1.1% reported). The most affected areas were urban slums in two urban Local Government Areas (LGA) - Sokoto North and Sokoto South. Laboratory analysis revealed Dengue, West Nile and Malaria in increasing order from the representative samples. There were 57 (43.2%) respondents in the age-group 21-30 among the cases, while 99 (53.5%) o …

Epidemiology of malaria and chloroquine resistance in Mizoram, northeastern India, a malaria-endemic region bordering Myanmar.

BACKGROUND: Mizoram, a northeastern state in India, shares international borders with Myanmar and Bangladesh and is considered to be one of the key routes through which drug-resistant parasites of Southeast Asia enter mainland India. Despite its strategic location and importance, malaria epidemiology and molecular status of chloroquine resistance had not been well documented, and since chloroquine (CQ), as the first-line treatment in Plasmodium falciparum infection was discontinued since 2008, it was expected that CQ-sensitive haplotype would be more abundant. METHODS: Malaria epidemiology da

Ensuring HIV care to undocumented migrants in Israel: a public-private partnership case study.

BACKGROUND: Undocumented migrants in Israel, mostly originating from HIV endemic countries, are not covered by Israel's universal healthcare coverage. We initiated a Public-Private Partnership (PPP) to handle this public health and humanitarian challenge. The PPP venture included the Ministry of Health (MoH), pharmaceutical companies, pharmacies, and specialized HIV clinics, the Israeli HIV Medical Society (from the Israel Medical Association), and non-governmental organizations. This study describes the national policy process in conceptualizing and implementing access to HIV services for und

Caregiving, Employment and Social Isolation: Challenges for Rural Carers in Australia.

Australia has one of the world's highest life expectancy rates, and there is a rapidly growing need for informal caregivers to support individuals who are ageing, have chronic illness or a lifelong disability. These informal carers themselves face numerous physical and psychological stressors in attempting to balance the provision of care with their personal life, their work commitments and family responsibilities. However, little is known about the specific challenges facing rural carers and the barriers that limit their capacity to provide ongoing support. A cross-sectional survey composed o

Assessment of unmet needs to address noncompliant households during polio supplemental immunization activities in Kaduna state, 2014-2016.

BACKGROUND: Despite concerted global efforts being made to eradicate poliomyelitis, the wild poliovirus still circulates in three countries, … unmet needs data to develop effective strategies to address noncompliant households in 13 high-risk Local government areas (LGAs) in Kaduna state, Nigeria. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in noncompliant communities using unmet needs data collated from 2014 to 2016. Household-based noncompliance data collated from tally sheets between 2013 and 2016 w …

Review of risk factors for human echinococcosis prevalence on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China: a prospective for control options.

OBJECTIVE: Echinococcosis is a major parasitic zoonosis of public health importance in western China. In 2004, the Chinese Ministry of Health estimated that 380,000 people had the disease in the region. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is highly co-endemic with both alveolar echinococcosis (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE). In the past years, the Chinese government has been increasing the financial support to control the diseases in this region. Therefore, it is very important to identify the significant risk factors of the diseases by reviewing studies done in the region in the past decade to help

Key issues in the persistence of poliomyelitis in Nigeria: a case-control study.

BACKGROUND: The completion of poliomyelitis eradication is a global emergency for public health. In 2012, more than 50% of the world's cases … ce and considered the reasons for the high vaccine refusal rate along with risk factors for a given local government area reporting a case. FINDINGS: Against serotype 1, both monovalent OPV (median 32.1%, 95% CI 26.1-38.1) and bivalent OPV (29.5%, 20.1-38.4) had higher clinical efficacy than trivalent OPV (19.4%, 16.1-22.8). Corresponding data for serotype 3 were …

OS018. Maternal mortality and its mainly possible causepre-eclampsia/eclampsia in developing country (Surabaya-Indonesia as themodel).

INTRODUCTION: By slow decrease of Indonesia's 2010 highly maternal mortality rate (MMR) as 228/100,000 births mostly estimated to be out rea … THODS: Retrospectively study was performed by using data Dr. Soetomo teaching hospital Surabaya and local government of East Java. RESULTS: Before the year 2008 the maternal deaths on our hospital Dr. Soetomo Surabaya was depicted very high as approximate 713/100,000 births (range 5.05-10.24 per 100,000 births) or 105 maternal deaths among 14,712 births. Pre-ecla …

Evaluation of the effectiveness of deworming and participatory hygiene education strategy in controlling anemia among children aged 6-15 years in Gadagau community, Giwa LGA, Kaduna, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Anemia is one of the most common and most serious health disorders worldwide. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that … ities (Gadagau, which was the study group and Karau-Karau, which was the control group) in the Giwa Local Government Area of Kaduna State Nigeria using a multistage sampling technique. The studies involved parasitological examination and anemia evaluation before and at 3 months after the children were dewormed. RESULTS: Only 301 children (150 children in study gr …

[Epidemiological characteristics of cross-county imported dengue fever cases within Yunnan Province in 2023].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of cross-county imported dengue fever cases within Yunnan province in 2023, so as to provide insights into formulation of preventive and control measures for intra-provincial spread of dengue fever. METHODS: All data pertaining cross-county imported dengue fever cases within Yunnan Province in 2023 were collected, and the temporal, regional and population distributions of the cases were descriptively analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 1 664 intra-provincial cross-county imported dengue fever cases were reported in 95 counties (cities,

Neutrophil-epithelial niches arrest B-cell maturation in dysfunctional tertiary lymphoid structures of gastric cancer neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are widely viewed as favorable in cancer immunotherapy, yet their clinical impact varies dramatically, and the local determinants of TLS quality remain poorly defined. METHODS: We integrated spatial transcriptomics, matched single-cell RNA sequencing, multiplex tissue imaging, in vitro perturbation assays, orthogonal spatial-proteomic validation, and external bulk transcriptomic cohorts encompassing more than 1100 patients to define TLS functional states and their associated immune-ecological determinants in gastric cancer. RESULTS: We identify