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Lymphatic and Immune Cell Cross-Talk Regulates Cardiac Recovery After Experimental Myocardial Infarction.

OBJECTIVE: Lymphatics play an essential pathophysiological role in promoting fluid and immune cell tissue clearance. Conversely, immune cells may influence lymphatic function and remodeling. Recently, cardiac lymphangiogenesis has been proposed as a therapeutic target to prevent heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI). We investigated the effects of gene therapy to modulate cardiac lymphangiogenesis post-MI in rodents. Second, we determined the impact of cardiac-infiltrating T cells on lymphatic remodeling in the heart. Approach and Results: Comparing adenoviral versus adeno-associated

Lymphovascular invasion and the presence of more than three tumors are associated with poor outcomes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer after bladder-conserving therapies.

OBJECTIVES: To identify the predictive factors for survival and recurrence of patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) (urothelial carcinoma) after bladder-conserving therapies and to determine the efficacy of partial cystectomy plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the treatment of MIBC. METHODS: From 2002 through 2007, 100 patients with MIBC (pT2 74%, pT3-4 26%) underwent partial cystectomy (PC). Subjects who had stage pT3-4 disease received adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the predictive factors. RESULTS: A

D2-40/p63 defined lymph vessel invasion has additional prognostic value in highly proliferating operable node negative breast cancer patients.

Phosphohistone H3 assessed proliferation has strong prognostic value. Lymph vessel invasion by D2-40 is also prognostic, but D2-40+ myoepithelial expression in small ducts completely filled by solid-pattern ductal carcinoma in situ can mimic lymphovascular invasion. As myoepithelial cells are also p63 positive, we have investigated whether lymph vessel invasion identified by combined D2-40/p63 is stronger prognostically than by D2-40 alone, and whether it has independent prognostic value to phosphohistone H3. In 240 operable T(1-2)N(0)M(0) node negative invasive breast cancer patients <71 year

Lymphovascular and perineural invasion as selection criteria for adjuvant therapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a multi-institution analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Criteria for the selection of patients for adjuvant chemotherapy in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) are lacking. Some authors advocate treating patients with lymph node (LN) involvement; however, nodal assessment is often inadequate or not performed. This study aimed to identify surrogate criteria based on characteristics of the primary tumour. METHODS: A total of 58 patients who underwent resection for IHCC between January 2000 and January 2010 at any of three institutions were identified. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS). RESULTS: Median OS was 23.0 months. Medi

Histopathologic prognostic factors in resected colorectal lung metastases.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary metastasectomy is a standard method of treatment for selective pulmonary metastases of colorectal cancer. However, the pathologic factors of metastatic lesions that affect survival and tumor recurrence after pulmonary resection are less well defined. The pathologic findings of colorectal pulmonary metastases have not been correlated with clinical outcome. The study was conducted to clarify the characteristics and identify the prognostic factors of the pulmonary metastases of colorectal cancer. METHODS: Between July 1992 and November 2002, 89 patients underwent the comple

The Ki-67 labeling index and lymphatic/venous permeation predict the metastatic potential of rectal neuroendocrine tumors.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic resection has been used to treat small rectal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). However, the indication for additional surgery after endoscopic resection is unclear. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for rectal NET metastasis and to determine the indication for additional surgery. METHODS: Fifty-five patients with a total of 57 rectal NETs, treated between October 2003 and January 2013, were retrospectively divided into metastatic (11 lesions) and non-metastatic (46 lesions) groups. Tumor size, central depression, invasion depth, lymphatic and venous permea

Lymphatic endothelial cells induce tolerance via PD-L1 and lack of costimulation leading to high-level PD-1 expression on CD8 T cells.

Lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) induce peripheral tolerance by direct presentation to CD8 T cells (T(CD8)). We demonstrate that LECs mediate deletion only via programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) ligand 1, despite expressing ligands for the CD160, B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator, and lymphocyte activation gene-3 inhibitory pathways. LECs induce activation and proliferation of T(CD8), but lack of costimulation through 4-1BB leads to rapid high-level expression of PD-1, which in turn inhibits up-regulation of the high-affinity IL-2 receptor that is necessary for T(CD8) survival. Rescue of tyrosinase

Mouse kidney transplantation model: Three novel methods.

OBJECTIVES: The mouse kidney transplantation model presents challenges in terms of surgical difficulty and low success rate, making it difficult to master. This study aims to provide a crucial model for transplantation immunology research by modifying and developing novel techniques for mouse kidney transplantation. METHODS: A total of 57 pairs of mice were used to establish and compare the modified and innovative surgical techniques for mouse kidney transplantation. Three different surgical models were established, including the abdominal suture technique for orthotopic kidney transplantatio

Antiretroviral post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for occupational HIV exposure.

BACKGROUND: Populations such as healthcare workers (HCWs), injection drug users (IDUs), and people engaging in unprotected sex are all at risk of being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Animal models show that after initial exposure, HIV replicates within dendritic cells of the skin and mucosa before spreading through lymphatic vessels and developing into a systemic infection (CDC 2001). This delay in systemic spread leaves a "window of opportunity" for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) using antiretroviral drugs designed to block replication of HIV (CDC 2001). PEP aims to in…

Integrated Nomograms for Preoperative Prediction of Microvascular Invasion and Lymph Node Metastasis Risk in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the present work is to develop and validate accurate preoperative nomograms to predict microvascular invasion (MVI) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in hepatocellular carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 268 patients with resected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were divided into a training set (n = 180), in an earlier period, and a validation set (n = 88), thereafter. Risk factors for MVI and LNM were assessed based on logistic regression. Blood signatures were established using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm. Nomograms were construc

Central Nervous System Manifestations of Cutaneous Lymphomas.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Primary cutaneous lymphomas (PCL) are an uncommon malignancy of the lymphocytes, primarily presenting with dermatologic lesions. Central nervous system(CNS) metastatic manifestations, are even rarer. This review focus mainly on three aspects namely early suspicion of CNS involvement, selection of cases for CNS chemo-prophylaxis and lastly, the rare occurrence from skin straight to brain without other organ involvement. RECENT FINDINGS: Primary extranodal large B-cell lymphomas are very heterogeneous. Recent molecular data have thrown some light on such divergent clinical be

Extended Right-Sided Colon Resection Does Not Reduce the Risk of Colon Cancer Local-Regional Recurrence: Nationwide Population-Based Study From Danish Colorectal Cancer Group Database.

BACKGROUND: It is controversial whether extensive resection of right-sided colon cancer confers oncological benefits. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate short- and long-term outcomes of extended surgical removal of the mesocolon compared to the conventional approach. DESIGN: This was a retrospective population-based study. SETTING: Study is based on a prospectively maintained Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measures included local-regional recurrence in patients who underwent curative resection for right-sided colon cancer and 3

Tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (Tnfsf15) facilitates lymphangiogenesis via up-regulation of Vegfr3 gene expression in lymphatic endothelial cells.

Lymphangiogenesis is essential in embryonic development but is rare in adults. It occurs, however, in many disease conditions including cancers. Vascular endothelial growth factor-C/D (VEGF-C/D) and VEGF receptor-3 (Vegfr3) play a critical role in the regulation of lymphangiogenesis. We investigated how the VEGF-C/Vegfr3 signalling system is regulated by tumour necrosis factor superfamily member 15 (Tnfsf15), an endothelium-derived cytokine. We report here that Tnfsf15, which is known to induce apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells, can promote lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) growth and mig

Bronchial involvement in advanced stage lymphangioleiomyomatosis: histopathologic and molecular analyses.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), a rare progressive disease that almost exclusively affects women, is characterized by pulmonary cysts and neoplastic proliferation of smooth muscle-like cells (LAM cells). Airflow obstruction is a physiologic consequence that is commonly observed in LAM and has been attributed to narrowing of peripheral airways. However, histopathologic examinations of the entire airway have been precluded by the limited availability of such specimens. Here, we used explanted lung tissues from 30 LAM patients for a thorough histologic analysis with a special emphasis on the bron

[Pheochromocytoma--pathohistologic and immunohistochemical aspects].

INTRODUCTION: Pheochromocytoma originates in chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. Its incidence is similar in both sexes and most frequent between the ages of thirty and fifty. Multiple and bilateral pheochromocytomas constitute 5 to 10 percent of all cases. Pheochromocytoma occurs sporadically or is related to family syndromes such as: syndrome of multiple endocrine neoplasia--MEN IIA and IIB, neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease), von Hippel-Lindau's disease, Sturge-Weber's syndrome, and tuberous sclerosis. Cases in a family usually occur at a younger age and are mostly bilate

Current surgical management of carotid body tumors.

BACKGROUND: Carotid body tumors (CBTs) are rare. Management guidelines may include genetic testing for succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) mutations. We performed an institutional review of the surgical management of CBT. METHODS: A retrospective analysis (1994-2015) of CBT excisions at our institution was performed. Data obtained included demographics, genetic testing (if performed), intraoperative details, postoperative morbidity, and long-term outcomes. Data from the first CBT excision were included in patients with bilateral tumors. Genetic testing was routinely offered in patients with a famil

THE ETIOLOGY OF RAT-BITE FEVER.

The similarity in the cases of rat-bite fever recorded in the literature establishes it as a definite clinical entity. The same symptomatology occurs in cases from Asia, Europe, and America. The greater frequency of the disease in Japan than elsewhere is probably due to the housing conditions and habits of the people resulting in the more frequent occurrence of rat-bites. It does not seem necessary to consider that cases occurring in Europe and America are due to the bites of rats that have been imported from Japan. The clinical picture and course of the disease indicate that it is infectious

Robotic Klatskin Type 3A Resection with Biliary Reconstruction: Description of Surgical Technique and Outcomes of Initial Series.

INTRODUCTION: Minimally invasive resection for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is an emerging technique that requires both mastery in minimally invasive liver resection and biliary reconstruction. Due to technical difficulties in biliovascular dissection, radical portal lymphadenectomy and the need for fine suturing during bilioenteric anastomosis, this type of resection is generally not performed laparoscopically, even at high-volume, liver-surgery centers.1-3 In modern literature, a detailed, operative description of robotic technique for this operation with outcome data is lacking. This video

Clinical features and current management experience in Gorham-Stout disease: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) is a rare complex lymphatic malformation. Since its initial description in 1838, only approximately 400 patients have been documented. There is currently no consensus on the diagnostic criteria or treatment options for GSD. The objective of this study was to review the clinical characteristics of patients with GSD and determine the current diagnostic and treatment models. METHODS: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to identify all relevant literature on GSD published over the decade

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… Researchers used to think that there were no lymphatic vessels in the bone, and it was speculated that the pathogenesis of GSD may be osteolysis caused by the proliferation of lymphatic vessels and blood vessels in the bone. … Lymphatic vessels in bone support regeneration after injury. Cell. 2023;186(2):382–e9724. …

Гистологическая оценка образцов гистерэктомии после эндометрической абляции в Новосере у пациентов с нетипичной эндомией гиперплазии или эндометрической карциномой.

ОКРУЖАЮЩАЯ СРЕДА: Для пациентов с тяжелым менструальным кровотечением (HMB) разрешается лечение с помощью эндомеальной абляции &quot; Новасуре &quot; без признаков злокачественных или предмалярных повреждений. В этом анализе рассматривается редкая, но клинически значимая ситуация, в которой эндометричная карцинома (ЭК) или атипичная гиперплазия (АЭГ) выявляется гистологически после эндомеальной абляции у доменопаузальных пациентов. ЦЕЛЬ: гистологическая оценка образцов гистерэктомии с корреляцией с клиническими параметрами у пациентов, страдающих гистерэктомией после случайного гистологическог

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… Specifically, consensus values were obtained for estimated percentage of residual vital endometrium, quality of inflammatory pattern, as well as blood and lymphatic vessel alterations. … In line with these observations, our cohort likewise exhibited high rates of necrosis, fibrosis, zonation, and alterations in vascular and lymphatic vessels. …