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Palliative care utilization in oncology and hemato-oncology: a systematic review of cognitive barriers and facilitators from the perspective of healthcare professionals, adult patients, and their families.

BackgroundDespite the high potential to improve the quality of life of patients and families, palliative care services face significant obstacles to their use. In countries with high-resource health systems, the nonfinancial and nonstructural obstacles to palliative care services are particularly prominent. These are the cognitive barriers -knowledge and communication barriers- to the use of palliative care. To date no systematic review has given the deserved attention to the cognitive barriers and facilitators to palliative care services utilization. This study aims to synthesize knowledge on

RELIEF: A Digital Health Tool for the Remote Self-Reporting of Symptoms in Patients with Cancer to Address Palliative Care Needs and Minimize Emergency Department Visits.

The lack of timely symptom reporting remains a barrier to effective symptom management and comfort for patients with cancer-related palliative care needs. Poor symptom management at home can lead to unwanted outcomes, such as emergency department visits and death in hospital. We developed and evaluated RELIEF, a remote symptom self-reporting app for community patients with palliative care needs. A pilot feasibility study was conducted at a large, community hospital in Ontario, Canada. Patients self-reported their symptoms each morning using validated clinical symptom measures and RELIEF would

Efficacy and safety of oncolytic virus combined with chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors in solid tumor patients: A meta-analysis.

Background: In recent years, several clinical trials have focused on oncolytic virus (OVs) combined with chemotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in solid tumor patients, which showed encouraging effects. However, few studies have concentrated on the summary on the safety and efficacy of the combined treatments. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to explore the safety and curative effect of the combined therapy. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.gov databases to comprehensively select articles on OVs combined with chemotherapy or I

Последние изменения в многократной склерозовой нейропатологии.

ЦЕЛЬ ОБЗОРА: Нетрофологические исследования тканей головного мозга человека необходимы для понимания нами механизмов заболеваний при множественном склерозе (МС). Они служат основой для концепций эволюции повреждений, регенерации тканей и развития болезней и в идеале позволяют выявить новые механизмы борьбы с заболеваниями и терапевтические цели. Здесь мы рассматриваем недавние нейропатологические исследования, которые помогли нам лучше узнать о патогенезе MS.ПОСЛЕДНИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: Недавние когортные исследования подтверждают идею о том, что различные клинические фенотипы MS имеют общие патоло

The contribution of Cyprus to non-communicable diseases and biomedical research from 2002 to 2013: implications for evidence-based health policy.

BackgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading causes of disease burden and mortality at the European level and in Cyprus. This research was conducted to map the research activities of Cypriot institutions in five NCDs, namely oncology, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, mental health and respiratory conditions.MethodsFor the period 2002-2013, research in Cyprus was assessed on its biomedical outputs and compared to the rest of Europe relative to their GDP. The research output in the five NCDs was obtained and contrasted to their respective disease burdens. The results from each of

Efficacy and safety of thalidomide in β-thalassaemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Thalidomide has shown promise as an adjunct therapy for β-thalassaemia, yet its effectiveness and safety are uncertain. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluate the efficacy and safety of thalidomide in β-thalassaemia; in both transfusion-dependent and non-transfusion-dependent patients. Scopus, PubMed and Cochrane databases were searched for studies assessing the efficacy and safety of thalidomide in β-thalassaemia. Primary outcomes included transfusion response and haemoglobin increases whereas adverse events and effects on serum ferritin and spleen size were secondary outcomes. Stu

What are the attitudes of health professionals regarding patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in oncology practice? A mixed-method synthesis of the qualitative evidence.

BackgroundThe adoption of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in cancer care has been widely advocated, but little is known about the evidence for the implementation of PROMs in practice. Qualitative research captures the perspectives of health professionals as end-users of PROMs and can be used to inform adoption efforts. This paper presents a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research conducted to address the question: What are the attitudes of health professionals towards PROMs in oncology, including any barriers and facilitators to the adoption of PROMS, reported in qual

Redefining Breast Cancer Care by Harnessing Computational Drug Repositioning.

Breast cancer faces significant therapeutic challenges, particularly for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), due to limited targeted therapies and drug resistance. Drug repositioning leverages existing safety and pharmacokinetic data to expedite the identification of new indications with cost-effective benefits compared to de novo drug discovery. In this critical narrative review, we examine recent advances in computational repositioning strategies for breast cancer, focusing on network-based methods, computer-aided drug design, artificial intelligence and machine learning, transcriptomic si

Elements for assistance to patients with hematological malignancies to propose care lines: a scoping review.

Objectivesto identify the elements for assistance to patients with hematological malignancies to propose a care line.Methodsthis is a scoping review, anchored in the JBI theoretical framework, with searches carried out in April 2021, in eight electronic databases and 10 repositories of theses and dissertations.Resultsthe final sample consisted of 93 studies, and the main forms of assistance provided that can support a care line for this public were imaging tests, immunophenotyping, chemotherapy regimens, radiotherapy, infection management, assessment of nutritional status, maintenance of oral

Future Patient Incidence in Hemato-Oncology: A Study Using Data from Cancer Registries in Japan.

PurposeThe distribution of patients with hematological malignancies is expected to change markedly in the future due to aging of the Japanese population. We assessed the expected incidence rates of leukemia, malignant lymphoma, and multiple myeloma using national population estimates and data from the Kanagawa Cancer Registry.Patients and methodsTo evaluate the effects of community aging, we compared expected future incidences of hematological malignancies in Kanagawa with other three areas, namely the Yamagata, Osaka, and Nagasaki prefectures, which have different populations and predicted ag

Obesity as a Multifactorial Chronic Disease: Molecular Mechanisms, Systemic Impact, and Emerging Digital Interventions.

Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease resulting from complex genetic, molecular, environmental, and behavioral interactions. Its prevalence rises worldwide, affecting cardiovascular, metabolic, oncological, hepatic, respiratory, and skeletal health. Beyond caloric excess, genetic predisposition, epigenetic modifications, gut microbiota dysbiosis, endocrine-disrupting agents, circadian misalignment, and intergenerational and prenatal influences are critical determinants of obesity risk. Core pathophysiological mechanisms include insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, chronic low-grade inflamma

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… Data from such systems can also be integrated into advanced AI architectures, including large language models (LLMs), to further refine personalization and enhance patient engagement. …

Pharmacogenomics and Big Data in medical oncology: developments and challenges.

Medical oncology, through conventional chemotherapy as well as targeted drugs, remains an important component of cancer patient management, particularly for systemic disease. Despite advances in all areas of medical oncology, certain challenges persist in the form of drug resistance and severe normal tissue toxicity. These unwanted effects can be counteracted through a patient-tailored treatment approach, which in chemotherapy is translated as pharmacogenomics. This research field investigates the way genetic makeup influences a patient's response to various drugs with the aim to minimize tria

Routine Laboratory-Based Machine Learning for Discriminating Multiple Myeloma from Clinical Mimickers: Development and Internal Validation of a Diagnostic Prediction Model.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) diagnosis requires specialised testing that is not universally available, contributing to diagnostic delays. The aim of this study was to develop and internally validate statistical and machine learning (ML) models that discriminate MM from clinically similar conditions using exclusively routine laboratory parameters. Methods: This retrospective diagnostic prediction model study included 422 consecutive patients referred to hematology for suspected MM at a tertiary care center (2017-2025). Fifteen routine demographic and laboratory variables were used to train

Инструменты скрининга для раннего выявления потребностей в паллиативном уходе у пациентов с повышенными хроническими условиями: обновленный систематический обзор.

Предыстория/задачи: Более раннее начало паллиативного ухода способствует улучшению клинических результатов, включая повышение эффективности мер по борьбе с симптомами, повышение качества жизни и сокращение использования ресурсов здравоохранения для лечения передовых заболеваний. Цель этого систематического обзора заключалась в выявлении и критической оценке существующих инструментов, разработанных как в обычном порядке, так и на основе искусственного интеллекта, предназначенных для выявления пациентов, имеющих право на раннее паллиативное лечение. Методы: Six Были изучены электронные базы данн

Recent trends in specialty pharma business model.

The recent rise of specialty pharma is attributed to its flexible, versatile, and open business model while the traditional big pharma is facing a challenging time with patent cliff, generic threat, and low research and development (R&D) productivity. These multinational pharmaceutical companies, facing a difficult time, have been systematically externalizing R&D and some even establish their own corporate venture capital so as to diversify with more shots on goal, with the hope of achieving a higher success rate in their compound pipeline. Biologics and clinical Phase II proof-of-concept (POC

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy in Hematologic Malignancies and Patient-reported Outcomes: A Scoping Review.

The inclusion of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy research is critical for understanding the impact of this novel approach from a unique patient standpoint. We performed a scoping review to map the available literature on the use of PRO measures in CAR T-cell therapy studies of patients with hematologic malignancies published between January 2015 and July 2022. Fourteen studies were identified, of which 7 (50%) were investigational early-phase trials, 6 (42.9%) were observational studies, and 1 (7.1%) was a pilot study. The EQ-5D and the

To what degree is palliative care integrated in guidelines and pathways for adult cancer patients in Europe: a systematic literature review.

BackgroundPalliative Care (PC) aims to improve the quality of life for patients with cancer and their families and its benefits have been demonstrated by several studies. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the integration of PC in the content of guidelines/pathways of adult cancer patients in Europe.MethodsWe included studies of adult patients with cancer published from 01/01/1995 and 31/12/2013 in Europe in six languages. We searched nine electronic databases, hand-searched six journals and also performed citation tracking. Studies were ranked using Emanuel's Integrated Pall

Emerging therapeutic strategies in glioblastsoma: drug repurposing, mechanisms of resistance, precision medicine, and technological innovations.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive Grade IV brain tumor with a poor prognosis. It results from genetic mutations, epigenetic changes, and factors within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Traditional treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy provide limited survival benefits due to the tumor's heterogeneity and resistance mechanisms. This review examines novel approaches for treating GBM, focusing on repurposing existing medications such as antipsychotics, antidepressants, and statins for their potential anti-GBM effects. Advances in molecular profiling, including next-generation

Клинические интуиции и радиологические свойства на множестве склероза соединены с мигренью.

Фон: Множественный склероз (МС) и мигрень являются неврологическими заболеваниями, затрагивающими молодых женщин. Мигрейн является наиболее распространенным видом головной боли у людей с MS (PwMS). Цели: Цель настоящего обзора состоит в том, чтобы описать клинические, радиологические и терапевтические особенности МУ и коморбиды мигрени. В клинической части основное внимание уделяется характеристикам мигрени в ПУМС и MS в сопутствии с мигренью, а также на наличии других возможных коморбидов. Радиационная секция занимается дифференциальной диагностикой повреждений белой материи и изменениями в с

Уровни сериального синтоксина IL-6, IL-16, IL-18 и IL-36 у пациентов с множественным склерозом из Западного региона Саудовской Аравии: ассоциации с продолжительностью болезни и инвалидностью.

Справочная информация: Системное воспаление способствует патобиологии множественных склерозов (МС), однако данные о биомаркировке сыворотки, полученные от населения Ближнего Востока, остаются ограниченными. В ходе этого исследования была проведена оценка уровней содержания сыворотки ИЛ-6, ИЛ-16, ИЛ-18 и ИЛ-36 среди взрослых саудовцев и МS в сравнении с соответствующими мерами контроля за состоянием здоровья и были изучены связи с продолжительностью заболеваний, фенотипом, лечением и инвалидностью. Методы: Это одноцентральное, перекрестное, параллельное исследование по вопросам контроля за конк