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Risk factors for child and adolescent maltreatment: a longitudinal investigation of a cohort of inner-city youth.

This study investigates associations between individual, family, and extrafamilial factors and the likelihood of subsequent childhood and adolescent maltreatment. The authors analyzed 1,411 participants in the Chicago Longitudinal Study whose maltreatment records were verified from administrative data. Findings suggest that maternal age at the child's birth was a robust predictor of maltreatment outcomes. Receipt of public assistance and single-parent family status were significantly associated with select outcomes. Among school-age indicators examined, parent participation in school was negat…

Muscle relaxation therapy for anxiety disorders: it works but how?

Muscle relaxation therapy (MRT) has continued to play an important role in the modern treatment of anxiety disorders. Abbreviations of the original progressive MRT protocol [Jacobson, E. (1938). Progressive relaxation (2nd ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press] have been found to be effective in panic disorder (PD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This review describes the most common MRT techniques, summarizes recent evidence of their effectiveness in treating anxiety, and explains their rationale and physiological basis. We conclude that although GAD and PD patients may exhibit e…

Giving and Receiving: A Study of Volunteering and Cardiometabolic Health Among Nonsmokers.

Poor cardiometabolic health contributes to the leading causes of death, including heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. This study examined the relationship between volunteering and cardiometabolic health among nonsmoking adults through an analysis of the Chicago Department of Public Health's 2023 Healthy Chicago Survey (N = 4872). Cardiometabolic health was assessed through a 3-item summary score related to receiving a diagnosis of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes. The analysis consisted of a Poisson regression and mediation models that incorporated demographic predictors an…

Leveraging community concerns regarding meningococcal disease to address racial and socioeconomic disparities in immunization coverage.

Following the death of 2 adolescents due to serogroup C invasive meningococcal disease (SCIMD) in April 2008, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) observed a high level of concern in 2 Chicago communities inferred to have low meningococcal vaccine (MCV) coverage rates. In response, CDPH promptly mobilized additional resources, administering 5,343 doses of MCV in 40 schools over 2 weeks and immunizing 44% of enrolled students aged 11 to 18 years. The number of eligible students vaccinated per school ranged from 9 to 466 (median, 112) and the proportion of age-eligible students receivi…

Тековиритное использование в ампуляции и госпитализации пациентов с вирусом обезьянопокс.

В этой серии из 20 амбулаторных и госпитализированных взрослых пациентов, которые лечились от вируса обезьянопокс в большом научном медицинском центре в Чикаго, штат Иллинойс, применение тековиримата было зарезервировано для лиц, страдающих серьезными заболеваниями или подверженных высокому риску их заболевания, задерживалось из-за материально-технических и клинических факторов, но было вполне терпимым.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
In this case series of 20 ambulatory and hospitalized adult patients treated for monkeypox virus at a large academic medical center in Chicago, Illinois, tecovirimat use was reserved for those with or at high risk of severe disease, delayed because of logistical and clinical factors, but well tolerated.

Editorial: Assessing Esophageal Function in Achalasia: The Old and the New.

Achalasia is currently diagnosed according to the Chicago Classification v3.0 using high-resolution manometry and treatment focuses on disruption of the esophagogastric junction. A paper in this issue examines the utility of a timed barium esophagram with a 13 mm tablet challenge in differentiating achalasia from other diagnoses, finding 100% sensitivity. However, a large proportion of patients with non-achalasia dysphagia are also identified. Another paper in this issue proposes utilizing intraprocedure functional luminal imaging probe measurement during pneumatic dilation as a guide for upsi…

American society of clinical oncology.

The American Society of Clinical Oncology meeting drew more than 34,600 people to Chicago to learn about the latest research, including studies on lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, colon cancer, melanoma, multiple myeloma, and palliative care.

[High-resolution Manometry for Esophageal Motility Disorders].

High-resolution manometry (HRM) has significant contribution in the field of esophageal motility disorders recently. The development of HRM has categorized various esophageal motility disorders focusing on patterns of esophageal motor function. Additionally, the Chicago classification criteria are widely used for manometric diagnosis. HRM provides functional imaging of the esophagus. HRM has closely spaced pressure sensors and displays pressure variations as pressure topography plots. In the analysis of HRM according to the Chicago classification, a hierarchical categorization of motility diso…

Stronger Together: Results from a Randomized Controlled Efficacy Trial of a Dyadic Intervention to Improve Engagement in HIV Care Among Serodiscordant Male Couples in Three US Cities.

Engagement in HIV care and a high level of antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence for people living with HIV is crucial to treatment success … gement in and optimizing HIV care among serodiscordant male couples in Atlanta, GA, Boston, MA, and Chicago, IL. Between 2014 and 2017, 159 male serodiscordant couples (total N = 318) in Atlanta, GA, Boston, MA, and Chicago, IL were enrolled and equally randomized to either the Stronger Together intervention arm (a three-session dyadic intervention involv …

Problematic definitions of Mobitz type II second degree AV block: Historical aspects.

Problems with the definition of type II second degree AV block are best understood by reviewing the historical aspects that include Mobitz's original description, the contributions of the Chicago Arrhythmia School and the growing importance of excluding slowing of the sinus rhythm.

Cost of a Measles Outbreak in an Urban Shelter.

IMPORTANCE: Measles outbreaks are costly and challenging to control. A measles outbreak associated with a Chicago, Illinois, shelter, which primarily affected shelter residents, resulted in substantial public health response costs, direct medical costs, and productivity losses. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the societal burden of the 2024 Chicago measles outbreak in terms of resources used and costs. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This economic evaluation analyzed the costs of a shelter-associated measles outbreak in Chicago between March 7 and April 30, 2024, in terms of measles cases, contact…

Transovarial transmission of St. Louis encephalitis virus by Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes.

Experiments were conducted to determine whether transovarial transmission (TOT) of St. Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus occurs in Culex pipiens complex mosquitoes, the principal vectors of SLE virus in the central-eastern United States. In 1978, field-collected mosquitoes from Memphis, Tennessee, and McLeansboro, Illinois, were used; during 1979, colonized mosquitoes from Chicago, Illinois, and Memphis, Tennessee, were used. Mosquitoes were infected by feeding on viremic chicks inoculated with an SLE virus strain isolated from Cx. pipiens complex mosquitoes collected from Memphis, Tennessee, in …

Household air pollution and chronic hypoxia in the placenta of pregnant Nigerian women: A randomized controlled ethanol Cookstove intervention.

BACKGROUND: Household air pollution (HAP) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. OBJECTIVES: Investigate impact of in-utero HAP exp … intervention trial in Ibadan, Nigeria. A third group of non-smoking and presumed natural gas-using Chicago women (C,n=12) were included in this exploratory pilot to assess for possible differences in placenta histology between similar racial groups. All patients had uncomplicated pregnancies and delivered at term. RESULTS: HBC, SK and cVD were significa …

The vanishing testis: a histomorphologic and clinical assessment.

Of patients with cryptorchidism, 5% have no palpable gonad. Physical examination or scrotal exploration demonstrates tissue nubbins or small nodules that constitute the vanishing testis syndrome. At the University of Chicago Hospitals (Chicago, IL; 2004-2008), 30 surgical pathology specimens from 29 patients with this clinical diagnosis underwent scrotal exploration. Histologic and immunohistochemical comparison was done with 7 fetal testes, 8 surgically removed nonneoplastic testes, and 2 cryptorchid testes. Routine histologic studies showed no seminiferous tubules in 18 cases (60%), fibrosis…

Isolation of Legionella pneumophila from hospital shower heads.

Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6 was isolated from nine of 16 shower heads in a Chicago hospital ward where three patients had contracted Legionnaires' disease caused by serogroup 6 L. pneumophila. Each patient had showered there 2 to 10 days before the onset of disease symptoms. We also isolated the bacteria in two other hospitals, and found the same serogroups as had been causing Legionnaires' disease in those hospitals: serogroup 1 in Pittsburgh and serogroups 1 and 4 in Los Angeles. However, showers from hospital wards where no patients had contracted Legionnaires' disease also yielded L…

Guidelines: In-office use of conscious sedation in periodontics.

In this time of heightened awareness of periodontal diseases and the potential consequences of untreated disease, a deterrent in the deliver … ive Control of Anxiety and Pain in Dentistry available from the American Dental Association, 211 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611 or http://www.ada.org, and for Revisions to Anesthesia Care Standards Comprehensive Accreditation Manual for Ambulatory Care, effective January 1, 2001, Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations, availa …

Cognitive Development of Children with Craniosynostosis.

Investigators from University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Harvard U, MA; St Louis, MO; Atlanta, GA; Northwestern U, and Shriner's Hospital, Chicago, compared the development of school-aged children with single-suture craniosynostosis (sagittal, metopic, unicoronal, lambdoid) and unaffected children.

Current status of achalasia management: a review on diagnosis and treatment.

BACKGROUND: Achalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder that is characterized by loss of peristalsis and failure of relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), particularly during swallowing. This review focuses on the diagnosis of esophageal motility disorders as defined by the Chicago Classification ver 3.0, and presents management options with regard to per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) as the treatment of choice. METHODS: A concise review of literature was performed for articles related to the management of achalasia, and this was contrasted with our institution's current pr…

Quantification of Neighborhood-Level Social Determinants of Health in the Continental United States.

IMPORTANCE: An association between social and neighborhood characteristics and health outcomes has been reported but remains poorly understood owing to complex multidimensional factors that vary across geographic space. OBJECTIVES: To quantify social determinants of health (SDOH) as multiple dimensions across the continental United States (the 48 contiguous states and the District of Columbia) at a small-area resolution and to examine the association of SDOH with premature mortality within Chicago, Illinois. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cross-sectional study, census tracts from…