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Exploring the association between overweight and dental caries among US children.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between age-specific body mass index (BMI-for-age) and dental caries among US children. METHODS: Body measures data and oral health data came from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Outcome measures for primary and permanent dentitions were: (1) dental caries prevalence; and (2) severity (geometric mean dft and DMFT). Covariates included: (1) age; (2) gender; (3) race/ethnicity; and (4) poverty status. Analysis was limited to children 2 to 17 years old. RESULTS: Approximately 36% of overweight chi…

Ethnicity, socio-economic status, overweight and underweight in East London adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The developed world is experiencing an 'epidemic' of childhood obesity but little is known about the prevalence of obesity, or underweight, amongst adolescents from minority ethnic groups in the UK. An understanding of the prevalence of obesity and overweight in these populations is important since some ethnic groups may be particularly vulnerable to the adverse health effects associated with obesity. STUDY OBJECTIVES: To examine levels of extreme obesity, obesity, overweight and underweight amongst a representative sample of adolescents from different ethnic groups in East London…

Prevalence of overweight among inner city Hispanic-American children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: National surveys have pointed to a particularly high risk of pediatric overweight among U.S. Hispanics. However, the data have been primarily from the Mexican-American community. We studied the prevalence of overweight and clinical comorbidities in children and youth of predominantly El Salvadoran ancestry. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: A sample of 309 Hispanic youth, 6-18 years was surveyed from two inner city Washington, DC, clinics. BMI; triceps skinfold (TSF) and subscapular skinfold thickness (SSSF); bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA); and blood pressure measures were o…

Responses to dietary macronutrient distribution of overweight rats under restricted feeding.

Changes in protein and amino acid balance after energy-restricted feeding have scarcely been studied, although it has been suggested that protein utilization may depend on the macronutrient composition of the restricted diet. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of dietary fat quality and content, during an energy-restricted regime, on body composition and protein metabolism. Therefore, diet-induced overweight rats were divided into three dietary groups: one group was fed on a control diet ad libitum (control) and the other two groups were fed energy-restricted diets (about 60…

Overweight and obesity among mothers of malnourished children--Brazil--PNSN--1989.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between the nutritional status of the youngest child under 48 months of age (in families with the biological mother present) and their mothers among 3906 children selected from a sample of a national survey in 1989 (PNSN). RESULTS: Malnutrition was present in 5.8% of the children. From these, 21.8%, 60.9% and 17.3% had overweight/obese, eutrophic and malnourished mothers, respectively. Stratified analyses taking into account the regions, situation, income distribution and mother's educational level demonstrated that a lower proportion of malnourished ch…

Psychosocial concerns and health-compromising behaviors among overweight and nonoverweight adolescents.

OBJECTIVE: To compare weight-specific and global psychosocial concerns and health-compromising behaviors among overweight and nonoverweight youth across gender and ethnicity. METHODS: A cross-sectional school-based survey of 31,122 adolescents in grades 7 to 12. Based on self-reported heights and weights, respondents were categorized as nonoverweight (body mass index (BMI) < 85th percentile), moderately overweight (85th percentile < BMI < 95th percentile), or severely overweight (BMI > 95th percentile). RESULTS: Global psychosocial concerns, such as emotional well-being, suicidal ideation, f…

Acute ischemic stroke in young adults: comparative analysis of outcomes and mortality in metabolically healthy obese or overweight vs. non-obese or overweight hospitalizations, 2016-2019 cohort.

INTRODUCTION: Rising obesity rates and the increasing prevalence of stroke in the metabolically healthy obese and overweight (MHOO) necessitate examining its association in younger (18-44 year) populations and analyzing acute ischemic stroke (AIS) trends and outcomes in MHOO vs. metabolically healthy non-obese or overweight (MHnOO). METHODS: Data from the United States National Inpatient Sample (2016-2019) was analyzed to identify young MHOO and MHnOO AIS patients using ICD-10-CM codes. Metabolically healthy status was defined by excluding hospitalization records with diagnostic codes for hyp…

Association between weight change, waist circumference change, and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in individuals with metabolically healthy overweight or obesity and metabolically unhealthy overweight or obesity.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore and compare the effect of weight change, and waist circumference (WC) change, on the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals with metabolically healthy overweight or obesity (MHOW/O) and metabolically unhealthy overweight or obesity (MUOW/O) in a health check-up cohort in China. METHODS: 5625 adults with overweight or obesity, and free from NAFLD at baseline were included. Metabolically healthy was defined as not having any components of metabolic syndrome. Weight/WC changes were calculated as the relative difference between the …

The cDNA 385C to A missense polymorphism of the endocannabinoid degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) is associated with overweight/obesity but not with binge eating disorder in overweight/obese women.

Endocannabinoids are involved in the modulation of eating behavior; hence, alterations of this system may play a role in obesity. Recently, … ated. In order to address this issue, we assessed the distribution of the cDNA 385C to A SNP in 115 overweight/obese subjects with BED, 74 non-BED patients with obesity and 110 normal weight healthy controls. As compared to healthy controls, the whole group of overweight/obese BED and non-BED patients had a significantly higher frequency of the CA genotype a …

Pharmacist involvement in overweight and obesity care: An equity-focused systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Pharmacists increasingly contribute to obesity management, but the equity impact of these interventions remained unexplored in literature. OBJECTIVE: To examine the characteristics and effectiveness of pharmacist-involved weight-management interventions, their consideration of health equity, and the collaborative models through which pharmacists delivered care. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library were searched for English-language quantitative studies published from 2000 to 2026. Eligible studies included people with overweight or obesity, reported w…

Prevalence of economic burden of overweight and obesity and their associated factors in Saudi Arabia.

BACKGROUND: Overweight and obesity represent significant public health challenges in Saudi Arabia with substantial economic implications. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the economic burden of overweight and obesity in Saudi Arabia and identify associated factors. METHODS: This cross-sectional study utilized a mixed-methods approach combining primary survey data with secondary national health data. A total of 667 participants were recruited through stratified random sampling using a validated structured questionnaire. Direct medical costs were estimated using healthcare utilization data, while indire…

Impact of Sleep on Glucose Metabolism in Individuals With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review.

INTRODUCTION: The obesity epidemic has coincided with chronic sleep deprivation. Sleep disturbances may contribute to metabolic dysfunction … CONCLUSION: Sleep duration and quality are associated with glucose metabolism in individuals with overweight/obesity. Sleep optimization should be integrated into metabolic health.

Being overindebted and overweight in Switzerland - A largely unexplored association in an understudied population.

OBJECTIVES: Research on overindebtedness in general and on the relationship between overindebtedness and being overweight or obese in particular is extremely rare or practically nonexistent although both phenomena have shown an increasing trend in recent years and are expected and found to be more prevalent among lower social classes and educational levels. However, no such study for Switzerland has ever been conducted until now. METHODS: Survey data collected in 2019 from 219 overindebted adult clients of four official debt advisory centers in the Canton of Zurich were used and linked with a…

The Relationship Between the Gut Microbiome and Executive Function in Adolescents With Overweight and Obesity.

OBJECTIVES: Excess weight affects both brain structure and function. Among the structures affected by excess weight, the prefrontal cortex, a key structure for executive functions, appears to be especially vulnerable. Beyond genetic, cognitive and social factors, recent research has highlighted the role of the gut microbiome on excess weight. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, the relationship between gut microbiome composition and executive functioning was assessed in adolescents classified into obesity, overweight and normoweight groups according to their body mass index. RESULTS: Gen…

Oral antibiotic exposure and the risk of overweight and obesity in children with vesicoureteral reflux.

BACKGROUND: Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis (CAP) is widely used in children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) to prevent recurrent urinary tract infections, but its long-term metabolic effects are uncertain. We evaluated whether oral antibiotic exposure is associated with overweight and obesity in young children with VUR. METHODS: Using the TriNetX Research Network, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of children aged <5 years diagnosed with VUR between 2005 and 2025. Patients were classified as antibiotic-exposed or unexposed based on prescription patterns, and propensity score match…

Motor Competence and Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents with Overweight and Obesity.

PURPOSE: Motor competence is associated with a number of health benefits in children and adolescents. However, it is unknown whether motor competence is linked to components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals with excess body weight. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between motor competence and components of MetS in young people with overweight/obesity. METHOD: A cross-sectional study was conducted recruiting 54 young individuals (55.6% girls) with overweight/obesity aged 6-14 years (M = 9.8 years ±2.1). Generalized estimating Equation models were conduct…

Предсказуемые модели негативных последствий избыточного веса или ожирения: общенациональная когортная проверка.

Происхождение и избыточный вес имеют широкий спектр негативных клинических последствий. Предсказуемые модели могли бы помочь врачам выявить лиц с ожирением и избыточным весом, подверженных повышенному риску осложнений, связанных с ожирением, что позволило бы индивидуализировать совместное принятие решений относительно лечения ожирения. Ранее мы разработали набор прогнозных моделей неблагоприятных клинических последствий ожирения и избыточного веса с использованием электронных данных о состоянии здоровья (ЭПЧ) крупной системы здравоохранения в Массачусетсе. Однако эти модели не были подтвержден

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BackgroundObesity and overweight have a wide range of adverse clinical outcomes. Predictive models could help clinicians identify individuals with obesity and overweight at greater risk for obesity-related complications, enabling personalized shared decision-making about obesity treatment. We previously developed a set of predictive models of adverse clinica…

Apple Polyphenols and Defecation in Overweight Adults with Constipation - A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Constipation is a prevalent symptom in adults and has been linked to an increased risk of serious complications, including cardiovascular and renal diseases. This study evaluated the effect of apple polyphenols on defecation among Japanese adults with a body mass index of ≥25 kg/m2 and <30 kg/m2 experiencing constipation who were otherwise healthy. After screening for eligibility, 24 participants were randomly assigned to either the Apple polyphenol or Placebo group in equal numbers. Participants consumed four tablets/day of either unripe apple-derived polyphenols (600 mg/day) or a placebo aft

Overweight yet Undernourished: A Common Juxtaposition in the Specialist Diabetes Foot Service.

AimsTo describe the nutritional status of people with diabetes-related foot complications and explore the association between nutrition and ulceration healing.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included attendees of a diabetes foot service who completed a dietary questionnaire. Diet was compared to guideline recommendations and biochemical measures were recorded. Associations between dietary intake and biochemical measures were analysed using non-parametric tests, and their relationship with being ulcer-free at 12 weeks analysed by binary logistic regression.ResultsOf 102 participants, 83%