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Serum protein synthesis in mutant mice with abnormal hepatic endoplasmic reticulum.

Severe ultrastructural abnormalities of liver endoplasmic reticulum have been described in newborn mice homozygous for radiation-induced deletion alleles at the colour locus. The ultrastructural defects were accompanied by deficiencies of several enzymes and lowered serum protein levels. Studies on serum protein synthesis were undertaken to see if decreased rates of synthesis, especially of constituents thought to be synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes, were the cause of the deficiencies. Although decreases or absence of several serum proteins were shown, radiopulse-immunoprecipitation stu…

Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and nitroso-redox imbalance in cancer progression.

Therapy-resistant cancers exploit cellular stress programs to survive. Evidence from neuroendocrine prostate cancer reveals that the loss of nitric oxide-dependent redox signaling amplifies endoplasmic reticulum stress and lineage plasticity. Restoring physiological nitroso-redox balance may reprogram stress adaptation and expose new vulnerabilities in aggressive cancers.

MAPK Phosphatase-3 Mediates Chronic Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Promoting Hepatic Gluconeogenesis.

Long-term nutritional excess causes hepatic steatosis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-3 (MKP-3) is a well-established stress-regulated protein and a regulator of gluconeogenesis. Our previous study revealed that acute ER stress reduced gluconeogenesis and MKP-3 protein stability. However, the expression of MKP-3 and its regulatory mechanisms in chronic ER stress remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic ER stress on hepatic MKP-3 expression and its role in the regulation of…

Hyperparathyroidism drives periodontitis progression via parathyroid hormone-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress.

AIMS: Given the high prevalence of periodontitis and potential for undetected primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) to exacerbate periodontal d … n periodontal inflammation through treating gingival fibroblasts with PTH and detecting endoplasmic reticulum stress-related markers. Transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses were integrated to explore genetic pathways related to PTH. RESULTS: Hyperparathyroidism increased the risk of periodontitis, but analyses of periodontitis on hyperparathyroidism sho …

Nuclear transport of human cytomegalovirus tegument protein pp65 through nucleoplasmic reticulum.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread beta-herpesvirus that establishes lifelong infection and can cause severe disease in immunocompromised individuals as well as congenital abnormalities. While HCMV entry into fibroblasts is classically described as plasma membrane fusion, accumulating evidence indicates that a fraction of virions undergo endocytic uptake, notably via macropinocytosis, and traffic through the endosomal system. However, the mechanisms by which internalized viral components reach the nucleus are still being elucidated. Here, we investigated whether HCMV exploits type II

Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteins Impact Penetrance in a Pink1-Mutant Drosophila Model.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with a high variability of age at onset, disease severity, and progression. This su … ortant biological processes involved were transcriptional and translational activities, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) regulation, and flagellated movement and microtubule organization. We validated two ER-related proteins, zonda and windbeutel, to positively affect the flying ability of Pink1-deficient flies. Thus, our data suggest that these processes are inv …

Catestatin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and suppresses endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Catestatin (CST), as a pleiotropic hormone, displays an anti-apoptotic effe … g neuronal apoptosis and modulating apoptosis-related proteins. Notably, CST suppressed endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) by inhibiting the PERK pathway. Furthermore, in vitro experiments using the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) model of PC12 cells demonstrated that CST similarly inhibited apoptosis, as evidenced by flow cytometry and consi …

Engineering endoplasmic reticulum targeted metal-polyphenol curcumin nanomicelles for melanoma therapy.

Melanoma has a high incidence and mortality, and current therapies are limited. Here, we developed TCPC, an ER-targeted nanomedicine guided by omics analysis. It consists of curcumin-loaded PEG-PCL nanomicelles coated with a Tannic acid-Cu metal-polyphenol network. Guided by clinical transcriptome mining, we identified ER-stress vulnerabilities to inform material design. RNA-seq and imaging confirmed that TCPC preferentially accumulates in melanoma cells and localizes to the ER. TCPC markedly elevates CHOP expression, which triggers ER Ca²⁺ release, mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS accumulation,

Interactions between Tau Phosphorylation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy.

BACKGRUOUND: Tau is a microtubule-associated protein whose abnormal phosphorylation disrupts the cytoskeleton and induces cell death. While … cific residues (Ser202 and Thr205), fibrosis markers (e.g., α-smooth muscle actin), and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Tau phosphorylation was modulated using thousand and one amino acid kinase inhibitor and ER stress inhibitors. Immunohistochemistry was also performed on human renal biopsy samples from DN patients. RESULTS: pTau Ser202 and Thr205 expr …

TRIC-A Facilitates Sarcoplasmic Reticulum-Mitochondrial Ca2+ Signaling Crosstalk in Cardiomyocytes.

TRIC-A is an intracellular cation channel enriched in excitable tissues that is recently identified as a key modulator of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ homeostasis through direct interaction with type 2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2). Given the intimate anatomical and functional coupling between the SR and mitochondria, we investigated whether TRIC-A contributes to SR-mitochondrial crosstalk under cardiac stress conditions. Using a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) model, we found that TRIC-A-/- mice developed more severe cardiac hypertrophy, underwent maladaptive remodeling, and activated a…

Молекулярное взаимодействие между окислительным и эндоплазмическим ретикулумным стрессом при множественном склерозе.

Множественный склероз (MS) — изнурительное неврологическое состояние, вызванное повреждением центральной нервной системы (КНС) при иммунизированном воздействии, приводящее к разрушению миэлина и постепенному нарушению волокна нервной системы. В недавних исследованиях в качестве основных факторов, способствующих патологии MS, были определены окислительный стресс и эндоплазмический ретикулум (ER). Когда противоокислительная защита не позволяет нейтрализовать чрезмерные химически активные виды кислорода (РОС), происходит окислительное повреждение, причиняющее вред липидам, белкам и ДНК внутри ней

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological condition driven by immune-mediated damage to the central nervous system (CNS), leading to myelin destruction and progressive nerve fiber impairment. Recent studies have identified oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as pivotal contributors to MS pathology. When antioxidant defenses fa…

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Delays Choroid Development in the HCAR1 Knockout Mouse.

The subretina, composed of the choroid and the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), plays a critical role in proper vision. In addition to phag … choroid were impacted by the absence of Hcar1. HCAR1-deficient mice exhibited elevated endoplasmic reticulum stress along with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α phosphorylation, a significant decrease in the global protein translation rate, and a lower proliferation rate of choroidal vasculature. Strikingly, inhibition of the integrated stress re …

Neuritin Alleviates Diabetic Retinopathy by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Rats.

BACKGROUND: Neuritin, a small-molecule neurotrophic factor, maintains neuronal cell activity, inhibits apoptosis, promotes process growth, a … al analysis was performed by H&E and TUNEL methods. The mRNA and protein expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway-related transcription factors were detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. The blood-retinal barrier (BRB) function was assessed using the patch-clamp technique and Evans blue leakage assay. RESULTS: Neuritin significantly improv …

Enterovirus 3A protein disrupts endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis through interaction with GBF1.

Enteroviruses are single-stranded, positive-sense RNA viruses causing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress to induce or modulate downstream signaling pathways known as the unfolded protein responses (UPR). However, viral and host factors involved in the UPR related to viral pathogenesis remain unclear. In the present study, we aimed to identify the major regulator of enterovirus-induced UPR and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. We showed that host Golgi-specific brefeldin A-resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (GBF1), which supports enteroviruses replication, was a major re…

Oxidative and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Represent Novel Therapeutic Targets for Choroideremia.

Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy, affecting the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, with no approved therapy. CHM is caused by mutations in the CHM gene, which encodes the ubiquitously expressed Rab escort protein 1 (REP1). REP1 is involved in prenylation, a post-translational modification of Rab proteins, and plays an essential role in intracellular trafficking. In this study, we examined oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways in chmru848 zebrafish and CHMY42X patient fibroblasts, and screened a number of neuroprotectan…

An essential endoplasmic reticulum-resident N-acetyltransferase ortholog in Plasmodium falciparum.

N-terminal acetylation is a common eukaryotic protein modification that involves the addition of an acetyl group to the N-terminus of a polypeptide. This modification is largely performed by cytosolic N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs). Most associate with the ribosome, acetylating nascent polypeptides co-translationally. In the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, exported effectors are thought to be translated into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), processed by the aspartic protease plasmepsin V and then N-acetylated, despite having no clear access to cytosolic NATs. Here, we used inducib…

ERp29 Attenuates Nicotine-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Inhibits Choroidal Neovascularization.

Nicotine-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells is thought to be one pathological mechanism underlying age-related macular degeneration (AMD). ERp29 attenuates tobacco extract-induced ER stress and mitigates tight junction damage in RPE cells. Herein, we aimed to further investigate the role of ERp29 in nicotine-induced ER stress and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). We found that the expression of ERp29 and GRP78 in ARPE-19 cells was increased in response to nicotine exposure. Overexpression of ERp29 decreased the levels of GRP78 and the C/EBP ho…

Nebivolol Alleviates Vascular Endothelial Insulin Resistance by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Vascular endothelial insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor in the development of vascular complications in diabetes. Prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) contributes to the development and progression of endothelial IR. The current study assessed the effects and mechanism of nebivolol on vascular IR in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats and endothelial IR induced by high glucose (33.3 mmol/L) associated with high insulin (10-7 mol/L) in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Rats were divided into Wistar, Wistar + Neb (Wistar rats treated with nebivolol, 10 mg/kg, ig), GK, and GK +…