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[Epidemiology and management of echinococcosis in China and Mongolia and the risk of cross-border transmission].

Currently, echinococcosis is highly prevalent in both China and Mongolia, and the risk of cross-border echinococcosis transmission raises growing concerns. This article describes the epidemiology of echinococcosis in China and Mongolia, compares echinococcosis control measures between the countries, and discusses the potential risk of cross-border echinococcosis transmission due to human and animal mobility, transboundary movement of animal hosts, and disparities in control capacity between the two countries. In addition, the article proposes the promising cooperation areas for joint preventio

Важное значение разработки методов общественных наук для вовлечения общин и изменения поведения во время волнений.

Несмотря на растущее международное внимание, антропологические и социально-поведенческие элементы эпидемий по-прежнему недооцениваются и недостаточно обеспечены ресурсами и отстают от традиционной инфраструктуры реагирования на вспышки. Как видно из нынешней пандемии коронавирусных заболеваний (COVID-19) 2019 года, важности социально-поведенческих элементов для понимания передачи и облегчения контроля многих подверженных вспышкам патогенов, это проблематично. Помимо недавнего укрепления глобального потенциала реагирования на вспышки и мер по обеспечению глобальной безопасности здравоохранения,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Despite growing international attention, the anthropological and socio-behavioral elements of epidemics continue to be understudied and unde … oblematic. Beyond the recent strengthening of global outbreak response capacities and global health security measures, a greater focus on the socio-behavioral components of outbreak response is required. We add to the current discussion by briefly highlighting the importance of socio-behavior in the Ebola virus disease (EVD) response, and describe vital areas of fu …

Foot-and-mouth disease vaccines.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious disease of cloven-hoofed animals. The disease affects many areas of the world, often causing extensive epizootics in livestock, mostly farmed cattle and swine, although sheep, goats and many wild species are also susceptible. In countries where food and farm animals are essential for subsistence agriculture, outbreaks of FMD seriously impact food security and development. In highly industrialized developed nations, FMD endemics cause economic and social devastation mainly due to observance of health measures adopted from the World Organizatio

En route to an "instant family": psychosocial considerations.

Societal and cultural norms require that a worthwhile person engage in reproduction and formation of a family. Young adults who postpone childbearing may presume that fertility is granted. When all other measures fail, the use of assisted reproductive technologies is considered the ultimate salvation for these couples. It is highly stressful and may lead to significant negative psychological consequences (loss of self-esteem, confidence, health, close relationships, security, and hope). Assisted reproductive technology may produce multiple pregnancy, which is frequently overlooked or underappr

Social interventions in times of crisis: Community perceptions of integrating social determinants and equity into the COVID-19 response.

In the wake of the 2020 crisis, scientific and governmental authorities sought to formally integrate social determinants and equity into the COVID-19 pandemic response. This article offers an empirical examination of COVID-19 social interventions presented as equitable with how stratified communities experienced these measures on the ground. We combine qualitative findings from a content analysis of State of California equity policies (n = 12) on housing security, economic relief, and essential workforce with semi-structured interviews (n = 79) conducted across three structurally unequal commu

Does cost-benefit analysis or self-control predict involvement in bullying behavior by male prisoners?

The main aim of this study is to assess whether lack of self-control or the perceived costs and benefits of aggression provide the better predictors of bullying behavior and victimization, and direct aggression perpetration, in a sample of 122 male British prisoners. We also assessed whether bullying was associated with height and weight. Zero-order correlations showed that perceived benefits, self-control, and perceived costs were most closely associated with perpetration of bullying, and that lack of self-control was weakly associated with victimization. Height and weight were unrelated to b

Verbal and physical violence towards hospital- and community-based physicians in the Negev: an observational study.

BACKGROUND: Over recent years there has been an increasing prevalence of verbal and physical violence in Israel, including in the work place. Physicians are exposed to violence in hospitals and in the community. The objective was to characterize acts of verbal and physical violence towards hospital- and community-based physicians. METHODS: A convenience sample of physicians working in the hospital and community completed an anonymous questionnaire about their experience with violence. Data collection took place between November 2001 and July 2002. One hundred seventy seven physicians particip

Clinical prediction of assaultive behavior among male psychiatric patients at a maximum-security forensic facility.

OBJECTIVE: Patient characteristics associated with the clinical prediction of assaultive behavior in a forensic psychiatric hospital were compared with characteristics associated with actual assaultive behavior. METHODS: Treating psychiatrists at a New York forensic psychiatric hospital were asked to predict which of a sample of 183 recently admitted male patients were likely to show assaultive behavior during a three-month period. The predictions were compared with incident reports of actual assaultive behavior. Several patient characteristics, including race, legal status, age, education, c

[Food security, growth and vitamin A, hemoglobin and zinc levels of preschool children in the northeast of Brazil].

This study sought to examine the association between the food (in)security and nutritional status of preschool children attended in daycare centers. Food security was assessed using the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale. The nutritional status was evaluated using the weight/height, weight/age, height/age, hemoglobin, serum retinol and serum zinc status. The prevalence of stunting (6.2%), overweight (3.1%), underweight (2.1%), vitamin A deficiency (24.4%), anemia (15.5%), and zinc deficiency (15%) was established. Food insecurity was found in 64.4% of the families, predominantly in its mild form

[Determination of urine volume in the renal pelvis-calyx system using the urogram].

In the planimetric establishments of surfaces and the determination of the volume of casts of the renal calyces a linear connection is the result with high statistical security. Thus with an adequate correction of the standard exact data of volume are possible by measurements of the urogram.

Cricoid pressure: a review of the literature.

Aspiration pneumonitis (Mendelson's syndrome) is universally accepted as a complication of general anaesthesia. According to Ellis et al (2007) death from aspiration was first described by Simpson in 1848, and it was not until 1946 that Mendelson identified acid aspiration in a significant number of obstetric patients undergoing facemask anaesthesia. The advent of techniques to secure the airway, through the use of airway adjuncts has gone some way to reduce the likely incidence of aspiration in today's perioperative arena. The positive outcome for patients is corroborated by Neilipovitz & Cro

The contribution of adult attachment style to the adjustment to infertility.

This study examines the contribution of adult attachment style to the adjustment to infertility. Both husbands and wives of 80 infertile couples undergoing medical treatment completed the Attachment Style Scale, the Mental Health Inventory and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. One year later, data were collected on whether women became pregnant. Diagnosis of male infertility was significantly more distressing than diagnosis of female infertility. Significant differences were found among attachment groups: secure persons, either men or women, reported more well-being, less distress and more dyadic a

Association of household food insecurity with dietary intakes and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices among parents, aged ≥ 18 years in Gaza Strip, Palestine: A descriptive study.

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between household food insecurity and dietary intake and nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among parents aged ≥18 years in the Gaza Strip, Palestine. The current cross-sectional study was carried out in 2021 among adults (mothers and fathers) aged ≥18 years. A total of 614 participants were selected from all Gaza Strip governorates using a cluster random sampling method. To assess the nutrition-related KAP, we employed the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations questionnaire (Modules 5, 6,

Multi-Dimensional Physical-Layer Security via Digitally Mediated Space-Time Modulation.

Modern sensing and communication systems increasingly operate in congested electromagnetic environments, where suppressing the observability of radiated signals at unintended receivers is essential for secure operation. Space-time modulation offers a powerful means of shaping radiation for secure transmission by exploiting temporal degrees of freedom, but its achievable control is often limited by hardware-bound modulation dimensions, with further expansion incurring substantial system complexity. Here, we propose a new digitally mediated space-time modulation paradigm that significantly expan

Blockchain and explainable-AI integrated system for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) detection.

In the modern era of digitalization, integration with blockchain and machine learning (ML) technologies is most important for improving applications in healthcare management and secure prediction analysis of health data. This research aims to develop a novel methodology for securely storing patient medical data and analyzing it for PCOS prediction. The main goals are to leverage Hyperledger Fabric for immutable, private data and to integrate Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques to enhance transparency in decision-making. The innovation of this study is the unique integration of

A quantitative exploratory evaluation of the circle of security-parenting program with mothers in residential substance-abuse treatment.

Maternal substance abuse is a risk factor for child maltreatment, child attachment insecurity, and maladaptive social information processing. The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative exploratory evaluation of the effectiveness of an attachment-based parent program, Circle of Security-Parenting (COS-P; G. Cooper, K. Hoffman, & B. Powell, 2009), with a community sample of 15 mothers in residential treatment for substance abuse. Participants attended nine weekly group sessions and were given three measures at pretest and posttest: the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (J.J. Gross & O.P.

China's Low-Carbon Energy Transition Over the Past Two Decades: Experiences and Implications.

With the rapid expansion of renewable energy, coal consumption in China briefly declined and then rebounded. Existing literature provides limited explanations for this dynamic pattern. This paper summarizes the experiences and implications of China's low-carbon energy transition by adopting the energy trilemma as an analytical perspective and examining the corresponding policy instruments across different stages. The results show that the energy transition reflects a phased process of trade-offs among economic development, energy security, and environmental sustainability. In the early stage,

WASH for everyone, everywhere: marketplaces as a multiplex pathway for improving inclusive access to water, sanitation, and hygiene in Vanuatu.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for access to safe WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) practices, especially in non-household settings. This study examined the COVID response measures and WASH infrastructure and services situation in and around 14 marketplaces in three provinces in the Republic of Vanuatu during the pandemic. A total of 144 surveys and 42 interviews were undertaken with market stakeholders and government officials, including structured observations. 93% of the vendors were women, with 43% forced to change their product during COVID. 56% of vendors brought their ow

The burden of illness in Prader-Willi syndrome: a systematic literature review.

BACKGROUND: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, genetic neurobehavioral and metabolic disorder marked by hyperphagia, behavioral challeng … lications. Hyperphagia contributed substantially to the disease burden, necessitating constant food security measures to prevent life-threatening complications. Primary caregivers, predominantly parents of individuals with PWS, experienced significant emotional and psychological strain. The time-intensive responsibilities of implementing food security measures heav …

Current Insights into the Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of African Swine Fever Virus and Future Control Perspectives.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is an evolving threat to global swine health and food security, driven by its complex epidemiology, multi-h … rs. Control measures mainly rely on early detection, movement control, strict quarantine, robust biosecurity measures, and international trade regulations. Despite significant advances, persistent challenges, including the absence of a widely available commercial vaccine, long-term stability of the virus, human activities, and inconsistencies in global response cap …