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Iliocaval and iliofemoral venous stenting for obstruction secondary to tumor compression.

BackgroundCancer patients with pelviabdominal masses can suffer from lower extremity symptoms due to venous compression. The effectiveness of venous stenting has been established in extrinsic venous compression in benign conditions like May-Thurner syndrome. In this retrospective study we evaluate the efficacy and safety of caval, iliocaval and iliofemoral venous stenting for cases of extrinsic venous compression caused by malignant masses in cancer patients.MethodsIRB-approved retrospective review of patients who underwent iliofemoral venography with venoplasty and stenting between January 20

Holistic Approach to the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Tumor Metastases to the Spine.

The treatment of neoplastic spine metastases requires multi-faceted assessment and an interdisciplinary approach to patients. The metastases do not show specific symptoms but are often the first confirmation of the presence of a primary tumor in a patient. The diagnostic process includes imaging and invasive procedures, e.g., biopsy. It is essential to qualify the patient for an appropriate treatment using dedicated scales. Decompression of the spinal cord is a critical issue to save or restore neurological function in a patient with spine metastases. Surgical treatment ought to meet three cri

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… Cancer cells enter the spine through the venous vessels, but to a lesser extent also via arterial and lymphatic vessels and direct tumor infiltration. The blood drains from the spinal cord, bone, and ligament structures for venous plexuses of Batson. …

Нейропзащитное воздействие грелина на крысиную модель множественных склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) является воспалительным заболеванием центральной нервной системы, характеризующимся обезвоживанием и аксонной потерей, и является основной причиной нетравматических неврологических расстройств у молодых людей. Несмотря на то, что существует несколько методов лечения этого заболевания, не существует окончательного средства для лечения множественных склерозов. Известно, что воспаление и окислительный стресс играют важную роль в патофизиологии MS. Грелин, пептид, скрытый желудком, обладает нейрозащитными свойствами по нескольким путям, включая ослабление окислительного

The Potential Role of Sildenafil in Cancer Management through EPR Augmentation.

Enhanced permeation retention (EPR) was a significant milestone discovery by Maeda et al. paving the path for the emerging field of nanomedicine to become a powerful tool in the fight against cancer. Sildenafil is a potent inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) through the relaxation of smooth muscles and the modulation of vascular endothelial permeability. Overexpression of PDE-5 has been reported in lung, colon, metastatic breast cancers, and bladder squamous carcinoma. Moreover, sildenafil has been reported to increase the sensitivity of

Targeting the Post-Irradiation Tumor Microenvironment in Glioblastoma via Inhibition of CXCL12.

Radiotherapy is a mainstay in glioblastoma therapy as it not only directly targets tumor cells but also depletes the tumor microvasculature. The resulting intra-tumoral hypoxia initiates a chain of events that ultimately leads to re-vascularization, immunosuppression and, ultimately, tumor-regrowth. The key component of this cascade is overexpression of the CXC-motive chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), formerly known as stromal-cell derived factor 1 (SDF-1). We here review the role of CXCL12 in recruitment of pro-vasculogenic and immunosuppressive cells and give an overview on future and current dr

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… However, the recent finding that T cells primed by antigen presenting cells in cervical lymph nodes could reach the brain via connecting lymphatic vessels [ 24 ] suggests that although the CNS is clearly an immunologically distinct site, its immune microenvironment offers opportunities to implement immunotherapy … Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels. Nature. 2015;523:337–341. doi: 10.1038/nature14432. 25. Lim M., Xia Y., Bettegowda C., Weller M. Current state of immunotherapy for glioblastoma. Nat. Rev. Clin. …

Intrathoracic manifestations of hematologic malignancies: a narrative review.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although the global incidence of hematologic malignancies is decreasing, the risk of developing these cancers is increasing due to increased lifespan and modern treatments including targeted therapy, chemotherapy, and radiation. Intrathoracic manifestations of hematologic malignancies may be the presenting sign leading to diagnosis or result from various treatment toxicity. The most common respiratory manifestation of hematologic malignancies is infectious, but up to half of pulmonary findings are from non-infectious etiologies. We aim to summarize the current literat

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… Thickening of the bronchovascular bundles and interlobular septa or reticulations may be suggestive of leukemic infiltration, as leukemic cells tend to distribute along the lymphatic vessels ( 34 , 35 ). …

Emerging evidence of the molecular landscape specific for hematogenous metastasis from gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world. Most GC patients are diagnosed when the cancer is in an advanced stage, and consequently, some develop metastatic lesions that generally cause cancer-related death. Metastasis establishment is affected by various conditions, such as tumor location, hemodynamics and organotropism. While digestive cancers may share a primary site, certain cases develop hematogenous metastasis with the absence of peritoneal metastasis, and vice versa. Numerous studies have revealed the clinicopathological risk factors for hematogeno

Inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 axis as a potential targeted therapy of advanced gastric carcinoma.

The whole outcome for patients with gastric carcinoma (GC) is very poor because most of them remain metastatic disease during survival even at diagnosis or after surgery. Despite many improvements in multiple strategies of chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and targeted therapy, exploration of novel alternative therapeutic targets is still warranted. Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and its chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12) have been identified with significantly elevated levels in various malignancies including GC, which correlates with the survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumor cell

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… CXCR4 is upregulated on lymphangiogenic endothelial cells (LECs) under the induction of VEGF‐C and mediation of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1a (HIF‐1a), although its level is much lower in matured lymphatic vessels. … Functions and status of normal epithelial cells, immune cells, lymphatic vessels, angiogenesis, and hematopoiesis might need to be especially focused on 11 , 84 . …

Cell-based immunotherapy of glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal primary glial brain tumor. It has an unfavorable prognosis and relatively ineffective treatment protocols, with the median survival of patients being ~15 months. Tumor resistance to treatment is associated with its cancer stem cells (CSCs). At present, there is no medication or technologies that have the ability to completely eradicate CSCs, and immunotherapy (IT) is only able to prolong the patient's life. The present review aimed to investigate systemic solutions for issues associated with immunosuppression, such as ineffective

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… The potential of antigen-presenting cells to use the lymphatic vessels to enter the deep lymph nodes of the neck has previously been demonstrated, where they interact with T and B cells contributing to the immune response ( 73 , 74 ). …

Targeting tumor-associated macrophages for cancer treatment.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant, nearly accounting for 30-50% of stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment. TAMs exhibit an immunosuppressive M2-like phenotype in advanced cancer, which plays a crucial role in tumor growth, invasion and migration, angiogenesis and immunosuppression. Consequently, the TAM-targeting therapies are particularly of significance in anti-cancer strategies. The application of TAMs as anti-cancer targets is expected to break through traditional tumor-associated therapies and achieves favorable clinical effect. However, the heterogeneity of TAMs makes

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… Potential role of M2 TAMs around lymphatic vessels during lymphatic invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Sci Rep. 2021;11(1):1150. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-80694-3. 40. Wang Y, Chang T, Wu T, Xu W, Dou G, Wang Y, Guo C. …

New Directions in the Study and Treatment of Metastatic Cancer.

Traditional cancer therapy has relied on a strictly cytotoxic approach that views non-metastatic and metastatic tumor cells as identical in terms of molecular biology and sensitivity to therapeutic intervention. Mounting evidence suggests that, in fact, non-metastatic and metastatic tumor cells differ in key characteristics that could explain the capacity of the metastatic cells to not only escape the primary organ but also to survive while in the circulation and to colonize a distant organ. Here, we lay out a framework for a new multi-pronged therapeutic approach. This approach involves modif

Potential Associations between Vascular Biology and Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Overview.

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a lymphatic neoplasm typically found in the cervical lymph nodes. The disease is multifactorial, and in recent years, the relationships between various vascular molecules have been explored in the field of vascular biology. The connection between vascular biology and HL is intricate and the roles of several pathways remain unclear. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular relationships between vascular biology and HL. Proteins associated with various functions in vascular biology, including cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-13, and IL-21), chemokines (CXCL10, CXCL1

Hematology and Immune-Related Disorders

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Advanced Diagnostic Techniques

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Tumor buster - where will the CAR-T cell therapy 'missile' go?

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell (CAR-T cell) therapy based on gene editing technology represents a significant breakthrough in personalized immunotherapy for human cancer. This strategy uses genetic modification to enable T cells to target tumor-specific antigens, attack specific cancer cells, and bypass tumor cell apoptosis avoidance mechanisms to some extent. This method has been extensively used to treat hematologic diseases, but the therapeutic effect in solid tumors is not ideal. Tumor antigen escape, treatment-related toxicity, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME

Сердечно-сосудистые заболевания

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Резюме ESPR 2013Европейское общество педиатрической радиологии 50th Ежегодное совещание и 36th Курсы для аспирантов. Июнь 3–7 2013. Будапешт, Венгрия.

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Primary Orbital Lymphoma Manifesting as Increased Intraocular Pressure: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Lymphoma can involve any orbital soft tissue (excluding bone) and may mimic other orbital diseases, often leading to misdiagnosis. Early diagnosis improves both disease management and patient survival. This rare case provides insights into the early diagnosis and treatment of orbital lymphoma. CASE REPORT An 87-year-old Asian man presented with sudden swelling of the left eyelid, vision loss, and severe pain. His intraocular pressure increased, and vision eventually deteriorated to no light perception. Biopsy of the orbital mass revealed small cell malignancy. Immunohistochemistry s

Метастазы мужской груди: систематический обзор.

Фон/цели: Метастазы молочной железы, возникающие в результате злокачественных опухолей, представляют собой исключительно редкое клиническое существо, особенно у мужского населения. Цель этого исследования состоит в том, чтобы проанализировать соответствующую литературу по вопросу о вторичном вовлечении в грудь пациентов мужского пола с уделением особого внимания клиническому представлению, характеристикам изображений, гистологическим и иммунохимическим характеристикам и стратегиям управления. До настоящего времени в международной литературе не было опубликовано какого-либо систематического обз

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… Ultrasound imaging typically demonstrates diffuse skin thickening, loss of subcutaneous fat, and dilated lymphatic vessels, without a clearly defined primary mass. These findings result from edema caused by mechanical obstruction of lymphatics by the tumor. …

Multiple cystic lung disease.

Multiple cystic lung disease represents a diverse group of uncommon disorders that can present a diagnostic challenge due to the increasing number of diseases associated with this presentation. High-resolution computed tomography of the chest helps to define the morphological aspects and distribution of lung cysts, as well as associated findings. The combination of appearance upon imaging and clinical features, together with extrapulmonary manifestations, when present, permits confident and accurate diagnosis of the majority of these diseases without recourse to open-lung biopsy. The main dise