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Side Effects of Novel Anticancer Drugs on the Posterior Segment of the Eye: A Review of the Literature.

Currently, common treatment approaches for neoplastic diseases include surgery, radiation, and/or anticancer drugs (chemotherapy, hormone medications, and targeted therapies). In particular, anticancer medicines destroy cancerous cells by blocking certain pathways that aid in the disease's initiation and progression. These pharmaceutical drugs' capacity to inhibit malignant cells has made them indispensable in the treatment of neoplastic disorders. Nonetheless, considering their cyto- and neurotoxicity, as well as their inflammatory responses, these medications may also have unfavorable system

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… Macular edema associated with letrozole administration has also been reported. In fact, in a 72-year-old woman who had been on letrozole therapy for three years, discontinuing the medication and administering ranibizumab led to an improvement in both macular edema and visual acuity [ 83 ]. … Three cases of macular edema linked to imatinib required treatment with oral prednisone and cessation of the medication. It is worth noting that the understanding of the mechanism behind imatinib-induced macular edema remains speculative. …

The 20th Anniversary of Pegaptanib (MacugenTM), the First Approved Aptamer Medicine: History, Recent Advances and Future Prospects of Aptamers in Therapy.

In addition to classic small-molecule drugs and modern protein-based biologics, an intriguing class of medicines is the therapeutic oligonucleotides. Most approved drugs in this category are antisense oligomers or those acting via RNA interference, both of which use base hybridization. Aptamers, also known as chemical antibodies form a smaller, yet equally interesting group of oligonucleotides that can recognize a wide range of molecular targets. Despite their high potential, only two aptamers have been approved to date, pegaptanib (MacugenTM) and avacincaptad pegol (IzervayTM), both for the t

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… Macular Edemas The effect of pegaptanib on macular edema of different causes was examined. The case of a 59-year-old male patient with tamoxifen-induced macular edema was documented. Pegaptanib decreased macular thickness and leakage and improved visual acuity [ 129 ]. … Irvine-Gass syndrome is a condition where macular edema develops after cataract surgery. A glaucomatous male with a VA of 20/125 was unsuccessfully treated with indomethacin. …

Сфингосин-1-Фосфатные модуляторы для лечения ультразвукового колита: обзор наррации, сосредоточенный на безопасности.

Ульцеративный колит представляет собой хроническое иммуносодержащее воспалительное заболевание толстой кишки, которое вызывает значительную заболеваемость и повышает риск рака цвета. Был разработан ряд целевых методов лечения умеренно-сильного язвительного колита, что значительно улучшило его лечение. Озанимод и этирасимод, пероральные небольшие молекулярные препараты, являются последним дополнением. Они относятся к классу модуляторов сфингосин-1-фосфатного рецептора (S1PR) и являются первыми членами этого класса, получившими официальное утверждение на наличие язвительного колита. Они действую

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… Macular Edema Macular edema has been reported in 0.5% of patients treated with fingolimod versus 0.4% of patients treated with placebo, across studies with MS patients [ 29 ]. … The risk of macular edema increased in a dose‐dependent manner; macular edema occurred during the first 3–4 months of treatment and generally resolved after fingolimod discontinuation [ 29 ]. …

Окулярная токсичность целевой терапии и иммунотерапии гематологов.

Целенаправленная терапия и иммунная терапия изменили методы борьбы с гематологическими заболеваниями. Однако эти агенты могут также иметь непреднамеренные окулярные неблагоприятные последствия. Эти токсичные вещества часто недооцениваются, но могут существенно повлиять на качество жизни пациентов и на процесс принятия терапевтических решений. Всеобъемлющее понимание этих последствий имеет важное значение для междисциплинарного управления. В этом обзоре обобщаются имеющиеся в настоящее время данные об окулярной токсичности, связанной с современными целенаправленными и иммунными терапиями, испол

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… Ponatinib | BCR-ABL, VEGFR, FGFR | CML | Retinal vein occlusion, macular edema, retinal hemorrhage, optic disc edema ( 15 , 35 ) Ibrutinib | BTK | CLL, MCL | Blurred vision, dry eye, uveitis, cystoid macular edema, ocular bleeding ( 34 ) Ruxolitinib | JAK1/2 | Myelofibrosis, PV | Herpes zoster ophthalmicus … Some developed cystoid macular edema as part of the uveitis syndrome, potentially reflecting endothelial barrier disruption similar to that described with other targeted agents ( 17 ). …

Types of intraocular lenses for cataract surgery in eyes with uveitis.

BACKGROUND: Cataract formation often occurs in people with uveitis. It is unclear which intraocular lens (IOL) type is optimal for use in ca … ication (PCO) (RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.37), corneal edema (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.12), cystoid macular edema (RR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.84), or mild IOL decentration (RR 0.92, 95% CI 0.06 to 14.22).Two intra-individual studies also compared HSM PMMA IOLs with unmodified PMMA IOLs at three or six months of follow-up. These studies, including a combined tota …

Aductive laser iridoplasty and laser goniopuncture after non-perforating trabeculectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Successful non-perforating trabeculectomy (NPT) results in filtration of aqueous humor out of the anterior chamber and into a filtration bleb, without surgical excision of tissue from the anterior chamber angle, and without penetration into the anterior chamber. The complications of perforating trabeculectomy, due to early postoperative hypotony (shallow anterior chamber, hyphema, macular folds, suprachoroidal effusion, and ciliochoroidal hemorrhage) (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) are regarded by many surgeons as significant risks. Nonperforating surgery has been reported to reduce the in

Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Therapeutic Management and New-Upcoming Approaches.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) constitutes a prevalent, chronic, and progressive retinal degenerative disease of the macula that affects elderly people and cause central vision impairment. Despite therapeutic advances in the management of neovascular AMD, none of the currently used treatments cures the disease or reverses its course. Medical treatment of neovascular AMD experienced a significant advance due to the introduction of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (anti-VEGF), which dramatically changed the prognosis of the disease. However, although anti-VEGF therapy has be

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… It was developed for the treatment of NVAMD, and it is in pivotal studies for diabetic macular edema (DME) and macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion [ 141 ]. … edema EMAs | European Medicines Agency ETDRS | Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study FDA | Food and Drug Administration GA | Geography atrophy HIF-1 | Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 IFSR | Intravitreal fluocinolone sustained released IOI | Intraocular inflammation ISIS | Intelligent Research in Sight …

Ocular effects caused by viral infections and corresponding vaccines: An overview of varicella zoster virus, measles virus, influenza viruses, hepatitis B virus, and SARS-CoV-2.

Many viral infections can affect vision and the visual system. Vaccination to prevent diseases is commonplace today, acting by stimulating an immune response without developing the pathology. It involves the production of persisting antibodies against the pathogen and the activation of T cells. Certain diseases have already been eradicated by rigorous vaccination campaigns, while others are hoped to be eliminated soon. Vaccines currently available on the market are largely safe, even if they can rarely cause some adverse effects, such as ocular complications. Analyzing existing literature, we

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… The visual outcome is usually very poor ( 33 ), in about half of the cases often less than 20/200 ( 36 ), and can be followed by retinal detachment, chronic vitretitis, epiretinal membrane, macular ischemia, macular edema or optic neuropathy ( 37 , 38 ). … Influenza virus Retinitis with submacular hemorrhage, macular edema, perifoveal edema with star-like pattern, angiopathy, uveal effusion syndrome (conjunctival congestion, tenderness, pain exacerbated by eye movement, choroidal and subretinal exudation), ischemic retinopathy. …

Ocular complications of antineoplastic therapies.

Ocular complications of antineoplastic agents can have a profound effect on the quality of life of cancer patients. New oncologic treatments like monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapies, antibody-drug conjugates, checkpoint inhibitors and growth factor receptors have resulted in increased ocular complications. These ocular complications differs in respect to distinct mechanisms of actions and lead to significant challenges in the management of cancer patients. In this review, we reviewed literature, clinical studies and cases detailing ocular complications due to administration of antineoplasti

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… Cisplatin is also known to cause photopsia, ocular pain, and cystoid macular edema [ 3 ]. Ocular toxicity from cisplatin, while rare, is shown to be nearly irreversible. … More severe complications can also surface such as macular edema, retinal hemorrhage, and retinal vein occlusion. In the PACE trial, retinal toxicity occurred in 3.6% of patients [ 58 ]. …

17th Конгресс ЕВНОС: Милан, Италия, 4–6 Июнь, 2026 года

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… Two weeks after discontinuation of rozanolixizumab, complete resolution of the macular edema was observed, and visual acuity recovered to 20/20, consistent with baseline status. … Conclusions : Cystoid macular edema is not a recognized feature of MOGAD-related optic neuritis and has not previously been reported as an adverse event associated with rozanolixizumab. …

Дискриминативная ассимиляция магического и ретинального нерва, толщина слоя в множестве склероза и оптического нерита.

ЦЕЛЬ: Определение дискриминативных способностей макулярного и сетчатого слоя нервно-паралитического волокна (RNFL) в множестве склероза (MS) по сравнению с нормальным и выявление оптического неврита (ON) у пациентов, страдающих НР. МЕТОДЫ: Это межсекторальное исследование по вопросам контроля за конкретными случаями включало в себя 133 Возрастной состав участников 30-45 годы: 66 Определённые пациенты MS18 ) и 67 :: контроль за состоянием здоровья в зависимости от возраста и пола. Был установлен диагноз MS ≥5 За годы до поступления в школу. К числу критериев исключения относятся другие невролог

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… Although MS causes a decrease in the macular thickness and volume, one of the side effects of the fingolimod is the formation of microcysts and macular edema, 66 which will increase the macular thickness. … edema among patients taking fingolimod 0.5 mg for multiple sclerosis J Ophthalmic Inflamm Infect 2020 10 24 32954456 10.1186/s12348-020-00215-1 PMC7502642 67 Pueyo V Ara JR Almarcegui C Martin J Güerri N García E Sub-clinical atrophy of the retinal nerve fibre layer in multiple sclerosis Acta Ophthalmol …

Глубокое изучение анализа изображений для множественных склерозов: диагностика и мониторинг.

Множественный склероз (MS) — аутоиммунное заболевание, которое затрагивает различные части центральной нервной системы и часто происходит среди молодежи (между 20-40 возраст). С учетом того, что MS является заболеванием на протяжении всей жизни и что в настоящее время не существует окончательного лечения MS, ранняя диагностика, начало лечения наиболее подходящими лекарствами и наблюдение за пациентами являются: three :: сложные факторы при определении статуса пациентов с НР. Магнитная резонансная съемка (MRI) и оптическая последовательность (OCT) two важных и полезных методов визуализации thre

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… In one study, this technique was used to examine and segment retinal layers and microcystic macular edema in MS. … Fingolimod and macular edema: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. Neurol Clin Pract. 2014;4:402–9. doi: 10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000027. 31. Wang C, Deng Z, Song L, Sun W, Zhao S. Diagnosis and management of Fingolimod-associated macular edema. …

Galectins in the Pathogenesis of Common Retinal Disease.

Diseases of the retina are major causes of visual impairment and blindness in developed countries and, due to an ageing population, their prevalence is continually rising. The lack of effective therapies and the limitations of those currently in use highlight the importance of continued research into the pathogenesis of these diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a major role in driving vascular dysfunction in retinal disease and has therefore become a key therapeutic target. Recent evidence also points to a potentially similarly important role of galectins, a family of β-g

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… Effect of Ruboxistaurin on the Visual Acuity Decline Associated with Long-Standing Diabetic Macular Edema. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 50 (1), 1–4. 10.1167/iovs.08-2473 De Jong C. G. H. M., Gabius H. J., Baron W. (2020). … Intravitreal Steroids for Macular Edema. Surv. Ophthalmol. 54 (3), 426. 10.1016/j.survophthal.2009.02.010 Gurel Z., Sieg K. M., Shallow K. D., Sorenson C. M., Sheibani N. (2013). …

Dermatological Manifestations of Amyloid Light-Chain (AL) Amyloidosis: A Case Report Highlighting Early Diagnosis and Treatment.

This case report describes a 52-year-old man who presented with gradually progressive dark cutaneous discoloration over the upper trunk and periorbital region, accompanied by painless enlargement of the tongue, which initially interfered with speech and eating. Over the subsequent months, he experienced marked unintentional weight loss, persistent fatigue, and symptoms consistent with autonomic involvement, including postural dizziness and altered bowel habits. Clinical examination revealed waxy skin changes and macroglossia. Laboratory evaluation demonstrated a monoclonal light-chain abnormal

Региональная уязвимость сетчатки при множественном склерозе: интеграция OCT, MRI и клинических данных для улучшения диагностики и автоматизированного мониторинга.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание центральной нервной системы, которое часто влияет на зрительные пути. В качестве ценного неинвазивного средства для оценки нейроаксональных повреждений в MS появилась томография оптической согласованности (OCT). В этом исследовании изучается процесс нейродегенерации сетчатки у пациентов с рассеянными клетками и внутренним плексиформным слоем (GCL+IPL), макулярным объемом (MV) и изменениями во волоконном слое сетчатки (RNFL) и их корреляцией с параметрами клинического и магнитного резонансного изображения (MRI). Всего 43 Психиатр

Ensuring the Safety of Yellow Fever Vaccination in Travelers-The Experience at a Large U.S. Academic Medical Center in Colorado.

Background: Yellow fever (YF) virus has the potential to cause fatal outcomes among at-risk individuals visiting endemic areas. Vaccinating travelers who are at risk is necessary to prevent virus-related life-threatening complications. We lack data on the clinical features of persons seeking YF vaccination. We aim to describe the characteristics of a cohort of persons receiving the YF vaccine before travel. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 964 travelers receiving the YF vaccine (Stamaril®) from Oct 2016 to Jul 2019 was performed at the University of Colorado Hospital, U.S. Percentages, mea

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… | E11.3293 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy without macular edema, bilateral | DM ICD-10-CM | E11.3219 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema, unspecified eye | DM ICD-10-CM | E11.3213 | Type 2 diabetes … mellitus with mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy with macular edema, bilateral | DM ICD-10-CM | E11.649 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hypoglycemia without coma | DM ICD-10-CM | E11.65 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with hyperglycemia | DM ICD-10-CM | E11.621 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with foot …

Targeting vascular endothelial growth receptor-2 (VEGFR-2): structural biology, functional insights, and therapeutic resistance.

Angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation, is a fundamental physiological process implicated in several pathological disorders. The vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) are crucial for angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. Among them, the tyrosine kinase receptor VEGFR-2 is primarily expressed in endothelial cells (ECs). These cells regulate various physiological responses, including differentiation, cell proliferation, migration, and survival, by binding to VEGF mitogens. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) is a key regulator of

Ocular Manifestations Associated with Hematologic Malignancies: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Management.

Background: Hematologic malignancies (HMs), including leukemia and lymphoma, are systemic diseases that may cause a wide range of ocular manifestations. Methods: We searched PubMed/MEDLINE (2015-2026) and identified articles with an emphasis on clinically relevant studies and recent developments. Results: Clinically, ocular involvement presents with diverse manifestations, including retinal hemorrhage, vitreoretinal lymphoma, choroidal infiltration, orbital masses, treatment-related ocular toxicities, graft-versus-host disease, and secondary infectious complications. These findings may mimic o

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… Figure 5 Optical coherence tomography images showing cystoid macular edema in the left eye during ibrutinib treatment ( A ) and resolution of the cystoid macular edema 6 months after cessation of ibrutinib ( B ). Subretinal hyperreflective material is visible in both images. … Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of retinal structures and is useful for detecting retinal infiltration, macular edema, or subretinal lesions [ 32 ]. …

Характеристики увейта и множественный склероз фенотип пациентов с множественным склерозом, связанным с увеитом: систематический обзор и метаанализ.

Подведение итогов и мета-анализирование характеристик увеита и многократного склероза (MS) фенотипа пациентов с множественным склерозом, связанным с увеитом (MSAU), в рамках систематического обзора и метаанализа. 25, 2023, с использованием баз данных PubMed, Embase и Virtual Health Bibrary (VHL). Мы проводили исследования с участием пациентов в ССАУ, например, сериалы, 10 - пациенты, перекрестные исследования, анализ конкретных случаев и когортные исследования. Качество и риск отклонения оценивались с использованием инструментов CLARITY и проверенных параметров, таких, как инструменты Hoy et a

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… Still, the visual prognosis can deteriorate due to common ocular complications such as cystoid macular edema, cataracts, glaucoma, vitreous hemorrhage, and occlusive vasculitis [ 10 – 12 ]. Bilateral intermediate uveitis (IU) is the most frequently described form in the literature. … Quantitative Analysis of Uveitis Macular Edema in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Receiving Deep Posterior Sub-Tenon Triamcinolone Acetonide Injection. Ophthalmic Res. 2017;58: 1–7. doi: 10.1159/000458157 48. Lim LL, Silva DG, Lo TC, Pimentel RS, Butzkueven H, Hall AJ. …

Влияние возраста на изменение или прекращение болезней, изменяющих терапию при множественном склерозе.

Пожилые пациенты в возрасте ≥55 лет составляют почти половину от общей численности населения страны. Несмотря на то, что в результате возникновения заболеваний происходят такие точечные и подстрекательские процессы демиелионации и такие прогрессивные процессы, как разрозненное воспаление CNS, нейродегенерация и отказ компенсационных механизмов, наблюдается сдвиг в преобладающих болезнях с заметным клиническим прогрессом в течение пятого десятилетия жизни. Клинически это проявляется в уменьшении числа рецидивов в клинической области и активности МРТ в качестве лиц в возрасте MS, что приводит к

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… Lymphopenia and risk of infection May increase risk of malignancy Lymphopenia and increased risk of opportunistic infections such as PML Lymphopenia Hypertension and cardiovascular risk augmentation Increased risk of macular edema especially with comorbid diabetes Transaminitis Opportunistic infections … With respect to age, higher risk of macular edema due to fingolimod has been found to be associated with age >41 years, and co-morbidities such as diabetes which also increases with advancing age [ 50 ]. …