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Продольная стабильность микробиоты Гут в релапсирующих и излучающих множественных склерозах: перспективное исследование наблюдений.

Микробиота кишечника играет ключевую роль в регулировании иммунной системы в множестве склерозов (MS), однако продольные данные о динамике микробиома и их связи с инвалидностью и биомаркерами остаются ограниченными. Цель этого исследования заключалась в выявлении продольных микробиомных изменений кишечника у пациентов с повторно излучающимся множественным склерозом (RRMS) и их связи с инвалидностью и конкретными биомаркерами сыворотки, включая прогнозируемые метаболические пути. В ходе этого перспективного продольного исследования была проведена оценка 29 пациентов, проходящих курс лечения наи

Долговременный иммунитет Т к вакцинам COVID-19 у пациентов MS при лечении истощения клеток B.

Защитная защита, обеспечиваемая вакцинами COVID-19 MRNA, связана с антиспайком (S) белка, нейтрализующим антитела. Тем не менее, юморальный иммунитет скомпрометирован в терапии B-клероза (BCD), используемой для лечения аутоиммунных заболеваний, таких, как множественный склероз (MS). Для изучения воздействия КБД на долговечность и эффективность защиты иммунитета, обусловленного вакцинацией, мы провели оценку реакции S-реактивных антител и Т-клеток за 1-70 недель после вакцинации в когортах MS, обработанных КБД, по сравнению с лечением, не связанным с БЦД, из четырех центров. Участники, прошедши

Recent advances in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease presenting highly heterogeneous clinical manifestations and multi-systemic involvement. Patients are susceptible to relapse- and remission, thus making management challenging. Moreover, a considerable number of side effects may occur with conventional therapies; therefore, there is clearly a need for new therapeutic strategies. Since the pathogenesis of SLE is highly complex, it is far from being fully understood. However, greater understanding of the pathways and of the cellular and molecular mediators involved in SLE is being

Circadian clock and cancer.

Circadian rhythms play a critical role in regulating physiological and behavioral processes, such as the sleep-wake cycle, hormone secretion, and metabolism. These rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological clocks, which are synchronized with environmental cues, primarily the light-dark cycle. Notably, disruption or reprogramming of circadian rhythms is closely associated with cancer initiation, progression, and treatment response. At the molecular level, the dysregulation of core clock genes can disturb normal cellular rhythms, leading to aberrant cell proliferation, impaired DNA repair,

Xanthohumol: Mechanistic Actions and Emerging Evidence as a Multi-Target Natural Nutraceutical.

BACKGROUND: Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone flavonoid derived from hops (Humulus lupulus), is increasingly recognized as a highly pleiotropic natural compound. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to structure XN's mechanistic hierarchy with emerging translational relevance across disease areas. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive and integrative literature review of XN for its biological and translational effects across cancer, metabolic, neurological, cardiovascular, hepatic, renal, and dermatological disorders. RESULTS: Mechanistically, XN exerts diverse bioactivities by inhibiting major pro-on

Googling the Guggul (Commiphora and Boswellia) for Prevention of Chronic Diseases.

Extensive research during last 2 decades has revealed that most drugs discovered today, although costs billions of dollars for discovery, and yet they are highly ineffective in their clinical response. For instance, the European Medicines Agency has approved 68 anti-cancer drugs, and out of which 39 has reached the market level with no indication of increased survival nor betterment of quality of life. Even when drugs did improve survival rate compared to available treatment strategies, most of these were found to be clinically insignificant. This is a fundamental problem with modern drug disc

The use of RNA-based treatments in the field of cancer immunotherapy.

Over the past several decades, mRNA vaccines have evolved from a theoretical concept to a clinical reality. These vaccines offer several advantages over traditional vaccine techniques, including their high potency, rapid development, low-cost manufacturing, and safe administration. However, until recently, concerns over the instability and inefficient distribution of mRNA in vivo have limited their utility. Fortunately, recent technological advancements have mostly resolved these concerns, resulting in the development of numerous mRNA vaccination platforms for infectious diseases and various t

Neurotransmitters in cancer: how receptor signaling and posttranslational modifications modulate tumor progression and offer new therapeutic targets.

Recent studies highlight the multifaceted roles of neurotransmitters in tumor immunomodulation, offering novel avenues for increasing therapeutic efficacy. These signaling molecules are classified into cholinergic agents, monoamines, amino acids, and peptides and regulate tumorigenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion via autocrine/paracrine pathways and receptor-mediated interactions. Notably, neurotransmitters influence tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and immune cell activity by modulating intracellular signaling cascades through posttranslational modifications (serotonylation and dopami

The TGF-β/SMAD pathway is an important mechanism for NK cell immune evasion in childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Natural killer (NK) cells are key components of the innate immune system, providing potent antitumor immunity. Here, we show that the tumor growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD signaling pathway is an important mechanism for NK cell immune evasion in childhood B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). We characterized NK cells in 50 consecutive children with B-ALL at diagnosis, end induction and during maintenance therapy compared with age-matched controls. ALL-NK cells at diagnosis had an inhibitory phenotype associated with impaired function, most notably interferon-γ production and cytotoxicity. By mai

[Immunotherapy - The New Era of Oncology].

In the field of immunotherapy, essential progress was achieved over the past years partially demonstrating long lasting therapeutic responses in different tumor entities. A better understanding of the interactions between the tumor and the immune system as well as the integration of immunotherapeutic approaches into clinical routine were the foundations for this development. The different approaches intervene on multiple levels of the immune response and directly or indirectly mount the patient's own immune defense against tumor cells. Immunotherapeutic approaches are represented by cytokine t

Последние достижения в области мезенхимической стволовой клеточной терапии для множественных склерозов: клинические виды применения и проблемы.

Множественный склероз (MS), хроническое аутоиммунное расстройство центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризуется воспалением, обезвоживанием и нейродегенерацией, что приводит к различным клиническим проявлениям, таким, как усталость, сенсорное расстройство и когнитивная дисфункция. Текущее фармакологическое лечение направлено прежде всего на иммунную модуляцию, но не позволяет остановить прогрессию заболеваний или полностью обратить на нет повреждения CNS. Лечение стволовыми клетками (MSC) является многообещающей альтернативой, используя иммуномудуляторы, нейрозащиту и регенеративные спосо

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In contrast, the ME DMTs comprise glatiramer acetate, interferon-beta (IFN-β), teriflunomide, and dimethyl fumarate ( Comi et al., 2017 ; Giovannoni et al., 2020 ; Simpson-Yap et al., 2021 ). …

Interplay between stress and cancer-A focus on inflammation.

Stress is an integral part of life. While acute responses to stress are generally regarded as beneficial in dealing with immediate threats, chronic exposure to threatening stimuli exerts deleterious effects and can be either a contributing or an aggravating factor for many chronic diseases including cancer. Chronic psychological stress has been identified as a significant factor contributing to the development and progression of cancer, but the mechanisms that link chronic stress to cancer remain incompletely understood. Psychological stressors initiate multiple physiological responses that re

Двусторонний спонтанный диализ сетчатки в промежуточном увейтете, связанном с множественным склерозом: необычный случай.

ЦЕЛЬ: Сообщить о случае регматального сетчатого отсека (RRD), вызванного спонтанным диализом сетчатки в промежуточном увейтете из-за множественного склероза (MS). ЗАМЕЧАНИЯ: 29-летняя женщина из Ближнего Востока получила диагноз MS после случая двустороннего промежуточного увеита. Позже она представила последовательность RRD в обоих глазах. Пациент перенёс 25-футовый план витректомию. Внезапно был отмечен диализ сетчатки из-за тяги на витроусовой базе. Было также отмечено, что из-за ишемии утонченная сетчатка позвоночника. Постактивно, она восстановила свою зрительную привлекательность в обоих

Перспективное исследование иммуногенности SARS-CoV-2 :: вакцины для ускорителей в нескольких миеломах и в Уолденстрёме, макроглобулиномии.

Углубление риска сильного заболевания коронавирусом в результате аббревиатуры с множественной миеломой (ММ) и макроглобулиной Уолденстрёма (ВМ) 2019. Поврежденные юморальные реакции на серию первичных прививок от острого острого респираторных синдрома коронавируса 2 (В тыс.SARS-CoV-2) были зарегистрированы у пациентов с MM и WM, однако о воздействии экспресс-прививок и функциональном состоянии полученных антител неизвестно. Мы провели перспективное когортное исследование SARS-CoV-2 вакцинация пациентов MM (n = 93) и WM (n = 48). Главным конечным моментом было эффективное иммунное реагирование

Escherichia coli in the production of biopharmaceuticals.

Escherichia coli has shouldered a massive workload with the discovery of recombinant DNA technology. A new era began in the biopharmaceutical industry with the production of insulin, the first recombinant protein, in E. coli and its use in treating diabetes. After insulin, many biopharmaceuticals produced from E. coli have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency to treat various human diseases. Although E. coli has some disadvantages, such as lack of post-translational modifications and toxicity, it is an important host with advantages such as bei

Modulating Post-Stroke Inflammation with FDA-Approved Immunotherapies: A Literature Review.

Stroke has been a topic of extensive research due to its debilitating consequences and high mortality. New findings offer a deeper understanding of specific factors that affect post-stroke recovery and identify therapies that may facilitate this process. One such factor is post-stroke neuroinflammation, a complex and time-dependent process in which acute immune responses can cause significant secondary inflammatory damage if the process is prolonged. Microglia are neuronal immune cells that are highly reactive to cytokines in the neuroenvironment and can, in turn, affect the inflammatory casca

Pruritus in Systemic Diseases: A Review of Etiological Factors and New Treatment Modalities.

Pruritus is the most frequently described symptom in dermatology and can significantly impair the patient's quality of life. In 10-50% of adults with persistent pruritus, it can be an important dermatologic clue for the presence of a significant underlying systemic disease such as renal insufficiency, cholestasis, hematologic disorder, or malignancy (Etter and Myers, 2002; Zirwas and Seraly, 2001). This review describes the presence of pruritus in different systemic diseases. It is quite important to discover the cause of pruritus for providing relief for the patients experiencing substantial

A comprehensive prognostic score for head and neck squamous cancer driver genes and phenotype traits.

BackgroundHead and neck squamous cancer (HNSCC) presents variable phenotype and progression features. Clinically applicable, high-accuracy multifactorial prognostic models for HNSCC survival outcomes are warranted and an active area of research. This study aimed to construct a comprehensive prognostic tool for HNSCC overall survival by integrating cancer driver genes with tumor clinical and phenotype information.MethodsKey overall survival-related cancer driver genes were screened from among main effector and reciprocal gene pairs using TCGA data using univariate Cox proportional hazard regres

PLP2 Could Be a Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Treatment Target in Glioblastoma Multiforme.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to discern the association between PLP2 expression, its biological significance, and the extent of immune infiltration in human GBM.MethodsUtilizing the GEPIA2 and TCGA databases, we contrasted the expression levels of PLP2 in GBM against normal tissue. We utilized GEPIA2 and LinkedOmics for survival analysis, recognized genes co-expressed with PLP2 via cBioPortal and GEPIA2, and implemented GO and KEGG analyses. The STRING database facilitated the construction of protein-protein interaction networks. We evaluated the relationship of PLP2 with tumor immune infiltrates

A comprehensive review of Sjögren's syndrome: Classification criteria, risk factors, and signaling pathways.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the exocrine glands and may lead to a range of systemic symptoms that impact various organs. Both innate and adaptive immune pathways might trigger the disease. Studying the signaling pathways underlying SS is crucial for enhancing diagnostic and therapeutic effectiveness. SS poses an ongoing challenge for medical professionals owing to the limited therapeutic options available. This review offers a comprehensive understanding of the intricate nature of SS, encompassing disease classification criteria, risk factors, and signa