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Anticancer peptides as novel immunomodulatory therapeutic candidates for cancer treatment.

Cancer remains a concern after years of research in this field. Conventional therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery are available for cancer treatment, but they are characterized by various side effects. There are several immunological challenges that make it difficult for the immune system and conventional therapies to treat cancer. Some of these challenges include heterogeneity, resistance to medicines, and cancer relapse. Even advanced treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which revolutionized cancer treatment, have associated toxicity and resistance further n

Нацеливание moTOR сигнализирующих путей в нескольких миеломах: биология и последствия для терапии.

Множественная миелома (ММ), рак неизлечимо дифференцированных плазменных клеток, является вторым по распространенности гематологической злокачественности и неизлечимо из-за неизбежного развития лекарственной устойчивости. Интенсивный синтез белка является отличительной чертой клеток MM, поддерживающей массовое производство клональных иммуноглобулинов или свободных световых цепей. Млекопитающая цель рэпамицин (mTR) киназы ценится как главный регулятор жизненно важных клеточных процессов, включая регулирование метаболизма и синтеза белка, и может быть найдена в two Мультипротеиновые комплексы, M

Advances in α-Lipoic Acid for Disease Prevention: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Insights.

α-Lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring compound with diverse biological functions, widely distributed in animal and plant tissues. It has attracted considerable attention due to its versatile therapeutic potential. However, despite these promising prospects, the clinical application of ALA remains limited by its low bioavailability and chemical instability and an incomplete understanding of its multifaceted mechanisms across various diseases. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biochemical properties of ALA, including its direct free-radical-scavenging activity, regenera

Pernicious Anemia: The Hematological Presentation of a Multifaceted Disorder Caused by Cobalamin Deficiency.

Pernicious anemia is still a neglected disorder in many medical contexts and is underdiagnosed in many patients. Pernicious anemia is linked to but different from autoimmune gastritis. Pernicious anemia occurs in a later stage of autoimmune atrophic gastritis when gastric intrinsic factor deficiency and consequent vitamin B12 deficiency may occur. The multifaceted nature of pernicious anemia is related to the important role of cobalamin, which, when deficient, may lead to several dysfunctions, and thus, the proteiform clinical presentations of pernicious anemia. Indeed, pernicious anemia may l

От прогнозирования к вмешательству: Искусственный интеллект для адаптивного реагирования и моделирования токсичности в клеточной терапии для гематологовых злодеяний.

Гематологическая магнелезность, включая острую лейкемию миэлоида, миэлодипластические синдромы, лимфому и множественную миелому, характеризуется глубокой биологической гетерогенностью и высокодинамичными траекториями лечения, которые традиционные статические прогнозирующие системы неполно улавливают. Клеточная терапия, такая, как химерик антигенная рецепторная терапия Т-клеток и трансплантация стволовых клеток с гематополией, предлагает потенциально лечебные варианты для рецидива или рефракторного заболевания, однако результаты остаются весьма различными, а управленческие решения, касающиеся и

Tumor heterogeneity as a driver of drug resistance and its implications for personalized therapy.

Tumors are highly dynamic diseases characterized by significant heterogeneity. They consist of multiple cellular populations with distinct properties that respond differently to therapeutic pressure. This heterogeneity may arise from spatial variation across tumor regions (spatial heterogeneity) as well as from temporal changes during tumor evolution and treatment (temporal heterogeneity). As a consequence, drug-resistant subclones often emerge under therapy and contribute to treatment failure. Advances in single-cell and spatial multi-omics technologies enable precise quantification of tumor

Воздействие акватической терапии на усталость, мобильность, физическую функцию и качество жизни людей с множественным склерозом: систематический обзор и мета-анализ.

Справочная информация: Водная терапия стала перспективной стратегией реабилитации людей с множественным склерозом (МС), потенциально повышающей физические и психологические результаты благодаря уникальным свойствам воды. Цель этого исследования заключалась в систематической оценке воздействия водной терапии на усталость, мобильность, физическую функцию и качество жизни людей, имеющих MS. Методы: В соответствии с руководящими принципами ПРИСМА был проведен систематический обзор и метаанализ. Электронные базы данных (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PEDro, CINAHL и Cochrane) подвергались обыску с

Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture Combined with Conventional Drug Therapy for the Treatment of Cancer-Induced Bone Pain: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Cancer-induced bone pain (CIBP) involves both nociceptive and neuropathic components, causing significant suffering in cancer patients. Acupuncture has shown beneficial effects on CIBP. However, given the diverse acupuncture techniques, their therapeutic efficacy may vary. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of various acupuncture modalities integrated with conventional drug therapy for CIBP. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture combined with conventional analgesics for CIBP were searched across eight Chinese and English databases and clinical tr

Preoperative Vitamin D as Predictor of MRONJ: A Retrospective Multivariate Analysis.

Background: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a grave complication in patients with cancer treated with antiresorptive agents, particularly after invasive dental procedures. Identifying reliable clinical factors to assess MRONJ risk remains a clinical challenge. Methods: The retrospective observational study comprised 61 oncologic patients undergoing dental extractions during antiresorptive therapy. Preoperative serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and β-C-terminal telopeptide cross-link (β-CTx), along with relevant clinical variables, were measured. The analyses included c

Translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the Danish version of the haematological malignancy patient-reported outcome measure (HM-PRO).

BackgroundAssessment of cancer patients´ quality of life (QoL) through patient-reported outcomes (PRO) during and after treatment is gaining ground. The HM-PRO is the first generic Haematological Malignancy specific PRO measure for use in clinical practice and clinical trials. Such generic tools are needed in Denmark. The study aim was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the HM-PRO into Danish and evaluate the psychometric properties.MethodsTranslation and cross-cultural adaptation of the original English HM-PRO into Danish followed established guidelines. After cognitive debriefing interv

Symptom burden and symptom clusters in patients with breast cancer undergoing endocrine therapy: a cross‐sectional survey

OBJECTIVE: In China, many breast cancer (BC) patients opt for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) to manage unpleasant symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the symptom clusters among patients with BC who are undergoing endocrine therapy and actively seek TCM treatment in China. METHODS: Patients with BC who were undergoing endocrine therapy were recruited. Data on symptom burden were gathered using the M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Traditional Chinese Medicine (MDASI-TCM) and a BC-specific symptom questionnaire. The patient's quality of life (QoL) over the previous week was assessed usi

Exploring the Influence of Oral and Gut Microbiota on Ulcerative Mucositis: A Pilot Cohort Study.

AIM: Comparing oral and gut microbiome profiles between patients with and without ulcerative mucositis during allogeneic stem cell transplantation (aSCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Specimens from oral mucosa, saliva, and stool were collected pre-(T0) and post- (T0 +28d ± 14d) aSCT (T1). Microbiome structure differences were analyzed by 16S-rRNA-gene sequencing, and associations to patients' clinical characteristics were investigated. RESULTS: Ten of 25 included patients developed ulcerations. The α-diversity decreased between T0 and T1, independent of ulcerations. PERMANOVA revealed differences

Mortality prediction and influencing factors for intensive care unit patients with acute tubular necrosis: random survival forest and cox regression analysis.

Background: Patients with acute tubular necrosis (ATN) not only have severe renal failure, but also have many comorbidities, which can be life-threatening and require timely treatment. Identifying the influencing factors of ATN and taking appropriate interventions can effectively shorten the duration of the disease to reduce mortality and improve patient prognosis. Methods: Mortality prediction models were constructed by using the random survival forest (RSF) algorithm and the Cox regression. Next, the performance of both models was assessed by the out-of-bag (OOB) error rate, the integrated b

Management of Long Bones Metastatic Disease: Concepts That We All Know but Not Always Remember.

Bones are the third most common site of metastatic disease. Treatment is rarely curative; rather, it seeks to control disease progression and palliate symptoms. Imaging evaluation of a patient with symptoms of metastatic bone disease should begin with plain X-rays. Further imaging consists of a combination of (PET)-CT scan and bone scintigraphy. We recommend performing a biopsy after imaging workup has been conducted. Metastatic bone disease is managed with a combination of systemic treatment, radiotherapy (RT), and surgery. External beam RT (EBRT) is used for pain control and postoperatively

Psychopathological Aspects in Childhood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT): The Perception of Parents and Adolescents.

Background: Data about psychosocial sequelae of childhood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT) are limited and the association with a specific donor type or other medical factors is largely unknown (Chang et al., 2012). The aim of the present study was to compare the psychological aspects of pediatric HSCT survivors with healthy peers. A secondary aim was to detect whether parents and children differed in the perception of mental health status. The influence of medical factors on psychological status was also examined. Method: Thirty seven HSCT survivors (23 males) with a mean age of

Alcohol Consumption and Autoimmune Diseases.

Alcohol is the second-most misused substance after tobacco. It has been identified as a causal factor in more than 200 diseases and 5.3% of all deaths and is associated with significant behavioral, social, and economic difficulties. As alcohol consumption may modulate the immune system's regulatory mechanisms to avoid attacking the body's tissues, it has been proven to play a dichotomic role in autoimmune diseases (ADs) based on the quantity of consumption. In this review, we report updated evidence on the role of alcohol in ADs, with a focus on alcohol addiction and the human biological immun

EMD originates from hyaluronan-induced homophilic interactions of CD44 variant-expressing MM cells under shear stress.

Extramedullary disease (EMD) is known to be associated with chemoresistance and poor prognosis in multiple myeloma (MM); however, the mechanisms of its development are not fully understood. Elucidating the mechanism of EMD development and its therapeutic targeting would greatly contribute to further improvement of treatment outcome in patients with MM. Here, we show that bone marrow stroma cell-derived hyaluronan (HA) elicits homophilic interactions of MM cells by binding to surface CD44, especially long-stretch variants, under physiological shear stress and generates cell clusters that might

Безопасность и эффективность автолекселя циллакабтагена для повторной/рефрактной множественной миеломы: исследование CIBMTR.

Ciltacabtagen Autoleucel (Cilta-cel), антиклеточная антигенная терапия (BCMA) химерика антигена рецептора T-клетки (CAR-T), была одобрена в рамках программы CAR-T. 2022 - для сильно обработанной повторной/реактивной множественной миэломы (RRMM). В этом исследовании оценивается безопасность и эффективность цилта-села у пациентов МРМ, о которых было сообщено Международному научно-исследовательскому центру по трансплантации крови и костного мозга в период с марта 2022 и декабрь 2023 которые отвечают требованиям в отношении коммерческих выбросов. Среди 595 Средний возраст пациентов 64 годы, 57% му

Artificial intelligence across the cancer care continuum.

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds significant potential to enhance various aspects of oncology, spanning the cancer care continuum. This review provides an overview of current and emerging AI applications, from risk assessment and early detection to treatment and supportive care. AI-driven tools are being developed to integrate diverse data sources, including multi-omics and electronic health records, to improve cancer risk stratification and personalize prevention strategies. In screening and diagnosis, AI algorithms show promise in augmenting the accuracy and efficiency of medical image ana

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… forms that meet US readability standards and regulatory key‐information requirements, reducing iterative changes with ethics committees. … Using large language models to create patient centered consent forms . Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys . 2024 ; 120 ( 2 ): e612 . doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2024.07.1346 98 Shi Q , Luzuriaga K , Allison JJ , et al. Transforming informed consent generation using large language models: mixed methods study . …

Целевое воздействие на ось MARCH5-MFN2 для усиления фузии митохондрий и чувствительности клеток множественной миеломы к венетоклаксу.

ОБЗОР: Накопленные данные указывают на то, что события физиологического деления и слияния митохондрий нарушены в раке из-за нарушения функции их ключевых регуляторов. В данном исследовании мы изучали функциональную роль E3-убиквитин-лигазы Мембранный ассоциированный Ринг-Ч-Тип Фингер 5 (MARCH5) в регуляции роста клеток, метаболической переработки и устойчивости к лекарствам в мультиплексной миеломе (ММ) через отрицательную регуляцию драйвера слияния митохондрий митофузина 2 (MFN2). МЕТОДЫ: Вiability клеток и апоптоз оценивались в линиях клеток ММ или в кокультуре с стромальными клетками с исп