Результаты поиска

Lymphocyte apoptosis in acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection may have an effect on the development of T cell memory responses. RSV bronchiolitis in infants is associated with a transient decline in circulating lymphocytes. We hypothesized that the mechanism underlying this lymphopenia is apoptosis. Blood was taken from 32 infants during primary RSV bronchiolitis and three months later. Using flow cytometry, we found that absolute numbers of both CD3+/CD4+ T-helper lymphocytes (P = 0.029) and CD3+/CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) (P = 0.043) were significantly reduced during acute infection. Up-regulated expres…

Humic acid induces apoptosis in human endothelial cells.

Humic acid (HA) has been implicated as an etiologic factor in the vasculopathy of Blackfoot disease. In this study, the ability of HA to induce apoptosis was studied in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Treatment of endothelial cells with a variety of concentrations of HA (50-200 microg/ml) resulted in dose- and time-dependent sequences of events marked by apoptosis as shown by loss of cell viability, chromatin condensation, and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, vitamin C, and vitamin E) and Ca(2+) chelator (BAPTA) effectively suppressed HA-…

Apoptosis within mouse eye induced by Toxoplasma gondii.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate apoptosis induced by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) in eyes of C57BL/6 (B6) mice. METHODS: Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique and pathological changes within eyes were analyzed at different time points after intraocular inoculation of either 50 or 500 of tachyzoites. RESULTS: In eyes that received 50 tachyzoites, a few apoptotic inflammatory cells in the anterior chamber and keratocytes in the cornea were seen at days 1 and 2, but no apoptosis was detected 4 day…

Increased ecto-metallopeptidase activity in cells undergoing apoptosis.

Release from the cell surface of a variety of growth factors, cytokines, and proteases follows exposure to genetically stressful agents capable of inducing apoptosis and necrosis. Increased ectoprotease activity is responsible for their release. We show that increased activity of several metalloproteases on the HeLa cell surface occurs after stresses due to UVC, actinomycin D, cycloheximide, and cisplatinum, which induce the release of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGFalpha) and other bioactive molecules. The ectoprotease activities increase preferentially on apoptotic cells, while little …

PAX2 suppresses apoptosis in renal collecting duct cells.

PAX2 is a transcription factor belonging to the evolutionarily conserved paired box family and is required during development of the central … the number of UB cells undergoing programmed cell death during nephrogenesis. To ascertain whether apoptosis is directly linked to the level of PAX2 expression, we have studied the role of PAX2 in cultured renal cells. We show that mIMCD-3 cells, a murine collecting duct cell line with high endogenous PAX2 expression, undergo apoptosis when transfected wit …

Caspase-dependent apoptosis during infection with Cryptosporidium parvum.

The protozoan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum causes persistent diarrhea and malnutrition in children and the diarrhea-wasting syndrome in A … gmentation are inhibited by a caspase inhibitor, showing that caspases are involved in this type of apoptosis. Finally, blocking apoptosis with the caspase inhibitor increases the percentage of infected cells, suggesting that parasites may use apoptosis to exit from the infected cell or that the infected cells may eliminate the parasite through apoptosis. T …

Apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion in human liver allografts.

Little is known about the possible contribution of apoptosis to ischemia-reperfusion injury in human liver transplantation. Therefore, we studied postreperfusion surgical biopsy specimens of 16 human liver allografts using the TUNEL assay for in situ demonstration of apoptotic cells. In all patients, a variable proportion of hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells presented labeled nuclei. The mean +/- standard deviation percentages of positive hepatocytes were 18.7% +/- 12.2% in the whole section, 30.4% +/- 18.7% in the subcapsular region, 14.5% +/- 13.5% in the centrilobular zones, and …

Transcription abnormalities potentiate apoptosis of normal human fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND: Apoptosis is a natural process by which damaged and potentially tumorigenic cells are removed. Induction of apoptosis is important in chemotherapy aimed at eliminating cancer cells. We address the mechanisms by which this process can be triggered in cells that are recalcitrant to cell death induced by DNA-damaging agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Normal human fibroblasts and lymphoblasts, and fibroblasts with defined genetic changes, were treated with DNA-damaging agents and inhibitors of transcription. Western blotting was used to study the expression of some of the key factors inv…

Peritoneal dialysis solution induces apoptosis of mesothelial cells.

For better simulation of the long-dwell exchanges in conventional CAPD, we have developed a modified mesothelial cell culture system consisting of a Transwell culture apparatus. The equilibration patterns of pH, dextrose and osmolality in the present culture system were observed to be very similar to those in human CAPD. The effects of six different peritoneal dialysis solutions on the apoptosis of mesothelial cells were evaluated using this modified culture system. The results imply that peritoneal dialysis solution per se may incite apoptosis of mesothelial cells, and also that low calcium p…

Protein kinase A inhibitors enhance radiation-induced apoptosis.

In addition to a role for de novo protein synthesis in apoptosis we have previously shown that activation of a protein phosphatase or loss of activity of a kinase is also important in radiation-induced apoptosis in human cells [Baxter, and Lavin (1992): J Immunol 148:149-1954]. We show here that some inhibitors of protein kinases exacerbate radiation-induced apoptosis in the human cell line BM13674. The specific protein kinase A inhibitor isoquinoline sulfonamide (20 microM) gave rise to significantly increased levels of apoptosis at 2-6 h postirradiation compared to values after radiation exp…

Trolox inhibits apoptosis in irradiated MOLT-4 lymphocytes.

MOLT-4 cells, a human lymphocytic leukemia line, undergo apoptosis in response to a variety of stimuli, including exposure to ionizing radiation. Very little is known of the molecular mechanisms by which radiation induces apoptosis. Morphology changes and chromatin cleavage at internucleosomal sites accompany apoptosis in these cells. We found that trolox, a water-soluble derivative of vitamin E that penetrates biomembranes and protects mammalian cells from oxidative damage, blocks DNA fragmentation in irradiated MOLT-4 cells. Levels of DNA fragmentation in cells not treated with trolox were d…

Experimentally induced cryptorchidism increases apoptosis in rat testis.

Although surgical induction of cryptorchidism in the rat is known to cause infertility due to disruption of spermatogenesis, the exact cellu … ular weight DNA (> 15 kb), whereas DNA cleavage into low molecular weight ladders characteristic of apoptosis was increased by induction of bilateral cryptorchidism in a time-dependent manner, i.e., 2.0-, 2.8-, and 4.2-fold (p < 0.05) at 2, 4, and 7 days after operation, respectively. In unilaterally cryptorchid animals, sham-operated testes also contained …

Alpha-mangostin Amliorates Apoptosis, воспаление и окисляющий стресс в результате разложения Cuprizon в C57BL/6 Мыши.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Согласно сообщениям, альфа-мангостин (α-MG), самый изобилийный ксантон, найденный в Гарцинии Мангостана Линн, обладает мощными антиоксидантами и антивоспламеняющимися свойствами. Цель этого исследования заключалась в изучении нейрозащитного воздействия α-MG на вызванную кубической зоной (CZ) демиелинизацию в корпусе каллосум (CC) мышей, ставшей установившейся моделью животных для множественного склероза (MS). МЕТОДЫ: Взрослая женщина C57BL/6 Мыши были накормлены чау, в котором содержится 0.4% (w/w) CZ для 5 недель. Животные были произвольно назначены six группы: (1) контрольная групп

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Alpha-mangostin (α-MG), the most abundant xanthone found in Garcinia mangostana Linn, has been reported to possess potent anti … ental effects of CZ-induced demyelination in the CC by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis.

Targeting RELA and STAT3 regulates TNFRSF10A-mediated apoptosis in a novel apoptosis-based prognostic model for clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of renal malignancy and remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although advances in surgery, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have improved outcomes for patients, reliable biomarkers for predicting prognosis remain limited. Therefore, robust gene-based prognostic models are urgently needed to improve risk stratification and guide individualized treatment strategies. METHODS: We developed a novel prognostic model integrating apoptosis and immune - related genes (AIRGs) to predict overall sur…

Neutrophils Exhibit Delayed Spontaneous Apoptosis and Resistance to Regulatory T-Cell-Induced Apoptosis in Patients With Chronic Coronary Syndrome-Brief Report.

BACKGROUND: Persistent inflammation is linked to poor outcomes in patients with a history of myocardial infarction. The inflammatory state has been associated with activation of neutrophils as well as with regulatory T-cell (Treg) deficiency. The role of Tregs in the regulation of neutrophil survival has been postulated recently. Here, we investigated neutrophil apoptosis along with the potential impact of Tregs on neutrophil apoptosis in patients with postmyocardial infarction chronic coronary syndrome, compared with healthy controls. METHODS: Twenty patients and 19 controls were included. N…

Potentiation of apoptosis in drug-resistant mantle cell lymphoma cells by MCL-1 inhibitor involves downregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKi) and CAR T-cell therapy have demonstrated tremendous clinical benefits in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients, but intrinsic or acquired resistance inevitably develops. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of the highly potent and selective MCL-1 inhibitor AZD5991 in various therapy-resistant MCL cell models. AZD5991 markedly induced apoptosis in these cells. In addition to liberating BAK from the antiapoptotic MCL-1/BAK complex for the subsequent apoptosis cascade, AZD5991 downregulated inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) through a BAK-dependent…

Linarin sensitizes tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis (TRAIL)-induced ligand-triggered apoptosis in human glioma cells and in xenograft nude mice.

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL) is reported as a promising anti-cancer therapeutic agent. Nevertheless, a variety of cancer cells, including human malignant glioma cells, are resistant to TRAIL treatment, indicating that it is necessary to find effective strategies to overcome the TRAIL resistance. Linarin (LIN), a natural flavonoid compound in Flos Chrysanthemi Indici (FCI), has been exhibited to exert various pharmacological activities, including anti-cancer. Here in our study, we found that non-cytotoxic doses of LIN (5μM) dramatically potentiated TRAIL (80ng/…

MicroRNA-208a Dysregulates Apoptosis Genes Expression and Promotes Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis during Ischemia and Its Silencing Improves Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction.

AIMS: miR-208a is associated with adverse outcomes in several cardiac pathologies known to have increased apoptosis, including myocardial infarction (MI). We investigated if miR-208a has proapoptotic effects on ischemic cardiomyocytes and if its silencing has therapeutic benefits in MI. METHODS AND RESULTS: The effect of miR-208a on apoptosis during ischemia was studied in cultured neonatal mice myocytes transfected with agomir or antagomir. Differential gene expression was assessed using microarrays. MI was induced in male C57BL/6 mice randomly assigned to antagomir (n = 6) or control group …

Apoptosis in retinal degeneration involves cross-talk between apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and caspase-12 and is blocked by calpain inhibitors.

Molecular mechanisms underlying apoptosis in retinitis pigmentosa, as in other neurodegenerative diseases, are still elusive, and this fact hampers the development of a cure for this blinding disease. We show that two apoptotic pathways, one from the mitochondrion and one from the endoplasmic reticulum, are coactivated during the degenerative process in an animal model of retinitis pigmentosa, the rd1 mouse. We found that both AIF and caspase-12 translocate to the nucleus of dying photoreceptors in vivo and in an in vitro cellular model. Translocation of both apoptotic factors depends on chang…