Результаты поиска

[Seroprevalence of Epstein Barr virus infection in a healthy population of Santiago de Chile].

To study the rate of infection by Epstein Barr virus (EBV) in Santiago, Chile, the prevalence of antibody to the viral capsid antigen (VCA-IgG) was determined in a group of 663 healthy individuals grouped by age and socioeconomic level (SEL). In addition, several risk factors for infection were studied. VCA-IgG was determined by ELISA. The total prevalence was 76.7%. When grouped by age and SEL, 50% of the children from low and medium SEL had been already infected by the age two, compared to 5.9% in the high SEL (p < 0.01). However, by age twenty, 90% of the total sample had already specific a…

Health and nutrition in newly resettled refugee children from Chile and the Middle East.

The general health and nutritional status of 105 refugee children from Chile and the Middle East were examined shortly after the arrival in Stockholm. A chronic medical condition was present in 10% and there were clinical signs of caries in 57% of the children. Iron deficiency was found in 15% of Chileans and 6% of Middle Easterners, but no other nutritional deficiencies were discovered. Stunting and wasting was rare and a significant catch-up growth was observed in both groups in a follow-up 18 months after resettlement. Obesity was common in the Chilean group on arrival in Sweden and increas…

Mitogenome-Informed Metabarcoding for Non-Invasive Identification of Sympatric Flamingos in Northern Chile.

The Chilean flamingo (Phoenicopterus chilensis) is a widely distributed South American species inhabiting diverse wetland ecosystems from Ecuador and Peru south to Chile and Argentina, and east to Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay, ranging from sea level to high-altitude Andean salars. Despite its broad distribution, local populations are increasingly exposed to anthropogenic pressures, raising conservation concerns at regional scales. In this study, we generated mitogenomic resources and developed a molecular framework for species identification using non-invasive samples. We sequenced genomic DN…

Animal-human interfaces and emerging zoonoses: Salmonella in pet turtles in Concepción, Chile.

Salmonella, a globally distributed genus of Enterobacteriaceae, poses a public health risk due to its role in gastrointestinal and systemic infections. Red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) are asymptomatic carriers of various Salmonella serovars. The objective of this study was to study the prevalence of Salmonella in different parts of pet turtles and their environment. In total, 179 samples (cloacal, shell swabs, and water) were collected from 72 pet turtles in Concepción, Chile. Using selective media and biochemical tests, 50 presumptive Salmonella isolates were found in 42 …

Understanding readmission to substance use disorder treatment in Chile: a mixed-method study.

Background: Healthcare readmissions are often perceived as negative outcomes. However, in the context of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, they may reflect both systemic gaps and sustained engagement. Despite their frequency, the determinants of SUD readmission remain underexplored, particularly in Latin America, where non-injected drug use is highly prevalent.Objective: To identify factors associated with SUD treatment readmission and examine contextual influences shaping readmission risk in Chile.Method: We employed a mixed-methods parallel convergent design. Quantitative analyses incl…

Socioeconomic position and breast cancer screening use in Chile: A population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer screening is crucial for the early detection of the disease. Although several studies have examined the relationship between socioeconomic factors and mammography use, the impact of socioeconomic position (SEP) in countries undergoing demographic and epidemiological transitions-marked by a rising cancer incidence-and passive breast cancer screening programs in the search of the target population remains understudied. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between SEP in the use of breast cancer screening in Chile during 2022. METHODS: Data from the 2022 National Soc…

[Sudden Cardiac Death: Trend Analysis by Sex and Age, Chile 2010 to 2020].

UNLABELLED: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a rare and unexpected event that occurs in apparently healthy individuals. In Chile, only one report has evaluated its incidence, published ten years ago. AIM: To describe the incidence and etiology of SCD in Chile according to age, sex, and region, and to analyze its trend between 2010 and 2020. METHODS: Descriptive ecological study using data from the Department of Health Statistics and Information. Mortality rates per 100,000 inhabitants and proportional mortality (% of total annual deaths) were calculated. Trends were assessed using Prais-Winsten…

Spatial and seasonal distribution of rodent sucking lice (Psocodea: Anoplura) in northern Chile.

Sucking lice (Anoplura) are highly specific parasites that depend extensively on their mammal hosts for survival. However, the climate to which their hosts are exposed can cause changes in their populations, independent of the protection provided by their hosts. Despite its harsh climate, arid northern Chile is home to a wide variety of rodents, particularly cricetids. This area comprises four distinct ecoregions with different sub-climates. We aimed to evaluate the spatial and seasonal variability of sucking lice (Anoplura) parasitizing rodents in northern Chile. Specifically, we analysed the…

A minimal One Health approach? Lessons from the salmon aquaculture crisis in Chile.

This paper explores the application of the One Health approach through an analysis of the response to the 2007 crisis in Chile's salmon aquaculture industry. To evaluate the extent to which the case aligns with a "minimal" One Health framework, we draw on four key dimensions of this framework (methodological, epistemic, ontological, and ethical) and contrast the case with the response to the 2009 Q fever outbreak in the Netherlands. We conclude that the Dutch response to Q fever, characterized by limited institutional collaboration, a narrow disciplinary focus, and an anthropocentric ethical s…

Exposure to musculoskeletal and psychosocial risks in SME workers, Antofagasta, Chile, 2021-2022.

INTRODUCTION: In Chile, small and medium-sized enterprises employ approximately 5,000,000 workers, of whom only 10% are formally protected from accidents and occupational diseases, and there is little information on their exposure to occupational hazards and demographic characteristics. OBJECTIVES: To identify some occupational musculoskeletal and psychosocial risks and sociodemographic characteristics in small and medium-sized enterprises workers in the region of Antofagasta, Chile. METHODS: Using a descriptive and exploratory design, their sociodemographic characteristics and the jobs of a…

Molecular characterization of Fasciola hepatica obtained from cattle and horse in Central Chile.

Liver fluke infection, caused by the trematode Fasciola hepatica, is a parasitic zoonotic disease affecting various mammals, including humans, and has significant implications for public, animal, and ecosystem health. This study provides the first genetic characterization of F. hepatica in Chile, focusing on the complete mitochondrial gene cox1. Samples were collected from two different host species: cattle and horses. Our findings revealed that 70 % of detected haplotypes were found in either cattle or horses, which coincides with their geographical origin. Interestingly, the use of full-leng…

[Clinical features of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic neoplasm in Chile: report of 10 cases].

BACKGROUND: Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare malignant tumor with a dismal prognosis, with isolated case reports in Chile. The BPDCN can present skin and bone marrow compromise, and its diagnosis is frequently confused with other pathologies. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and immunophenotypical features of BPDCN in the Chilean population. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study from 2013 to 2021 in clinical records of 2 public Chilean referral hospitals, including ten patients, 80% male, with a median age of 66 years (15-81). RESULTS: The most fr…

Серологическое определение вируса Западного Нила в домашних птицах из Рапа-Нуи, Чили.

Флавивирусы являются агентами с высоким зоонотическим потенциалом, имеющим важное значение для здоровья человека. Они передаются комарами из семейства куликидов, и птицы выступают в роли принимателей. Птицы, млекопитающие и люди подвержены инфекции. Методы: В рамках этого исследования, вирус Западного Нила (ВНВ), аромат, инфекция была изучена в 37 пробах сыворотки из 22 кур на острове Пасха, Чили. Результаты: WNV был обнаружен ELISA (ID Screen __ West Nil Competition Multi-Specialies). Мы сообщаем об отсутствии антител в WNV и сопутствующих вирусах японского вируса энцефалита серокомплекса и,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Background: Flaviviruses are agents with high zoonotic potential of importance to human health. They are transmitted by mosquitoes of the Cu … e virus (WNV), flavivirus, infection was studied in 37 serum samples from 22 hens on Easter Island, Chile. Results: WNV was detected by ELISA (ID Screen® West Nile Competition Multi-Species). We report absence of antibodies to WNV, and to related viruses of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus serocomplex, and, therefore, absence of infection across the samp …

[A tribute to Revista Médica de Chile on its 150th Anniversary (1872-2022)].

Revista Médica de Chile was founded in 1872 by Sociedad Médica de Santiago (currently Chilean Society of Internal Medicine) and it is one out of twenty five medical journals founded during the XIX Century that still remain active. In monthly issues it presents clinical and biomedical research articles, as well as research and position papers dealing with medical education, public health or medical ethics. Special attention receive the impact on health care given by the emergence of new private medical schools in Chile, the relevance of methodologies to assess clinical competences in graduates,…

Marital Status, Living Arrangements and Mortality at Older Ages in Chile, 2004-2016.

The risk of mortality in old age is associated with marital status and living arrangements. There is still little knowledge about this in Latin America. Our objectives are to examine the association between marital status, living arrangements and mortality of older adults (>60 years) in Chile, and to test whether this association varies when demographic, socioeconomic and health factors are included. We used data from the Social Protection Survey, and mortality data were linked to the Civil Registry. We estimate a series of Poisson regression models. Our results show a clear association betwee…

Assessment of Natural Transmission of Bovine Leukemia Virus in Dairies from Southern Chile.

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that affects cattle worldwide. A longitudinal study was conducted with the aim to (a) estimate the incidence rate of the BLV infection of dairy farms in the regions of Los Ríos and Los Lagos (Chile), and (b) describe the frequency and epidemiological association of risk management practices related to new cases in cattle on dairy farms in Southern Chile. Infection status was based on commercial blocking ELISA results, on serum and milk. Individual information on animals and management practices was extracted from farm records, and then the most likel…