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Identification and bioactivity of a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor a homologue from large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) is a growth factor that drives the proliferation and differentiation of granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages. Currently, two copies of GCSF, named GCSFa and GCSFb, have been identified in teleost fish, but data on the functions and signal pathways of these fish GCSFs are still limited. In the present study, a GCSFa homologue (LcGCSFa) was identified from large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). The open reading frame (ORF) of LcGCSFa is 636 bp long and encodes a protein of 211 amino acids (aa), with a 19-aa signal peptide and a typical IL-6 dom…

Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Derived Macrophages Exhibit Distinctive Early Immune Response to Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Infection.

Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and macrophage CSF (M-CSF) modulate differentiation and immune functions of macrophages (MΦ). Our aim was to evaluate how different MΦ differentiation conditions influence the MΦ response to virus infection. To address this, we differentiated bone marrow-derived MΦ in either GM-CSF or M-CSF and measured the cytokine responses to two different strains of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) (clone 13; Cl13 or Armstrong; ARM). GM-CSF MΦ infected with either LCMV-ARM or -Cl13 produced more IL-6 than M-CSF MΦ, whereas M-CSF MΦ generate

Use of Biosimilar Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor for Mobilization in Autologous and Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

The biologic medication filgrastim is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) for collection by leukapheresis for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The FDA-approved biologic tbo-filgrastim is currently used off-label for this indication in both autologous and allogeneic HSCT at the Tennessee Valley Healthcare System. The purpose of this review is to compare the efficacy of filgrastim and tbo-filgrastim for this indication. The primary outcomes were the proportion of autologous patients and allogeneic donors with a

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… To harvest an adequate number of HPCs to achieve engraftment from peripheral blood, granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) must be used to mobilize HPCs from the bone marrow microenvironment into the peripheral bloodstream [ 3 ]. … colony-stimulating factor Adv Ther 2011 28 304 10 10.1007/s12325-011-0009-1 21400232 [11] Publicover A Richardson DS Davies A Hill KS Hurlock C Hutchins D Use of a biosimilar granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization: an analysis of mobilization and engraftment …

Healthy donor hematopoietic stem cell mobilization with biosimilar granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor: safety, efficacy, and graft performance.

BACKGROUND: Biosimilar granulocyte-colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) have been available in the European Union since 2008, and Sandoz' biosimilar filgrastim was approved in the United States in March 2015 for all of the reference product's indications except acute radiation syndrome. Biosimilar G-CSFs have been largely embraced by the medical community, except for some reservations about healthy-donor stem cell mobilization, for which use outside of clinical studies was cautioned against by some members of the scientific community. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In a two-center safety surveillan

Prediction of hematopoietic stem cell yield after mobilization with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor in healthy unrelated donors.

BACKGROUND: The collection of hematopoietic stem cells from the peripheral blood of healthy donors has been established as a highly efficient method. Nevertheless, some donors have a moderate or poor chance of harvest success with standard mobilization regimens. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed data from 7216 unrelated healthy donors, who underwent granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor mobilization and consecutive leukapheresis for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We tested different donor variables of potential influence and established a statistical model for predi

Treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in patients with repetitive implantation failures and/or recurrent spontaneous abortions.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) belongs to the family of colony-stimulating factors (CSF). As the name suggests, it was initially identified as being able to target and influence granulopoiesis, but was soon shown to be a ubiquitous growth factor, with synthesis and receptors, such as the related granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which is found in a wide variety of tissue types, including the organs and cell populations involved in reproduction. It must now be assumed that both G-CSF and GM-CSF control, or play a role in controlling, key processes in oocy…

Plerixafor and abbreviated-course granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for mobilizing hematopoietic progenitor cells in light chain amyloidosis.

Cytokine-based mobilization in light chain (AL) amyloidosis is frequently complicated by fluid overload, weight gain, cardiac arrhythmias, and peri-mobilization mortality. We analyzed hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) mobilization outcomes in 49 consecutive AL amyloidosis patients at our institution between 2004 and 2013 with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G) (10 μg/kg/day) (n = 25) versus an institutional protocol to limit G exposure using plerixafor (P) (.24 mg/kg s.c. starting day 3 of G 10 μg/kg) (n = 24). G+P strategy yielded higher total CD34(+) cells/kg (12.8 × 10(6) versus 6…

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-producing upper urinary tract carcinoma: systematic review of 46 cases reported in Japan.

AIMS: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing upper urinary tract carcinoma is extremely rare, and we do not yet have a comprehensive understanding of the disease. This study was carried out to determine the characteristics of G-CSF-producing upper urinary tract carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic MEDLINE and ICHUSHI WEB (Japan Medical Abstract Society) search was carried out to identify articles and conference proceedings describing patients with G-CSF-producing upper urinary tract carcinoma. The final cohort included 46 patients: eight studies were published in En…

Use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis--experience with 3 patients.

The use of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor has recently been advocated in the treatment of toxic epidermal necrolysis as it may help in faster regeneration of detached skin. Three patients who presented with toxic epidermal necrolysis were managed as per the protocol followed at our department. In addition, they received recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a dose of 300 microg/d (5 microg/ kg/d) for 5 days. Severity of Illness Score for Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis was calculated on day 1 and the lesions were observed for re-epithelialization. The 3 patients we…

Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor treatment of a patient in myasthenic crisis: effects on regulatory T cells.

INTRODUCTION: In this study we describe a patient with a prolonged myasthenic crisis refractory to conventional immunomodulatory therapy who was treated with GM-CSF (granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor, sargramostim). METHODS: T-regulatory cell (Treg) suppressive function and Foxp3 expression were evaluated before and after treatment with GM-CSF. RESULTS: Treatment with GM-CSF was associated with clinical improvement, expansion in the circulating numbers of Foxp3(+) cells, increase in Foxp3 expression levels in Tregs, early improvement in Treg suppressive capacity for AChR-α-ind

Phase I study of intravenous low-dose granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in acute and subacute ischemic stroke.

BACKGROUND: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; filgrastim) may be useful for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke because of its neuroprotective and neurogenesis-promoting properties, but an excessive increase of neutrophils may lead to brain injury. We examined the safety and tolerability of low-dose G-CSF and investigated the effectiveness of G-CSF given intravenously in the acute phase (at 24 hours) or subacute phase (at 7 days) of ischemic stroke. METHODS: Three intravenous dose regimens (150, 300, or 450 μg/body/day, divided into 2 doses for 5 days) of G-CSF were examined in…

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury by down-modulating inflammatory responses in neonatal rats.

PURPOSE: Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been known to increase neutrophil production and have anti-inflammatory properties, but the effect of G-CSF on pulmonary system is in controversy. We investigated whether G-CSF treatment could attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury, and whether this protective effect is mediated by the down-modulation of inflammatory responses in a neonatal rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats (Orient Co., Seoul, Korea) were subjected to 14 days of hyperoxia (90% oxygen) beginning within 10 h after birth. G-CSF (20 μg/kg) was

The role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the neutrophilia observed in the fetal inflammatory response syndrome.

OBJECTIVES: Fetal neutrophilia is present in two-thirds of cases with the fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS). The mechanisms responsible for this finding have not been elucidated. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the primary physiologic regulator of neutrophil production and plays a key role in the rapid generation and release of neutrophils in stressful conditions (i.e., infection). The objective of this study was to determine: 1) whether FIRS was associated with changes in fetal plasma G-CSF concentrations; and 2) if fetal plasma G-CSF concentrations correlated with …

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration in individuals with sickle cell disease: time for a moratorium?

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used commonly in an attempt to reduce the duration of neutropenia and hospitalization in patients undergoing chemotherapy and to obtain hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) for transplantation applications. Despite the relative safety of administration of G-CSF in most individuals, including subjects with sickle cell trait, severe and life-threatening complications have been reported when used in individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), including those who were asymptomatic and undiagnosed prior to administration. The administration of G-CSF has no…

Biologic and molecular effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in healthy individuals: recent findings and current challenges.

Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) is widely used in healthy donors for collection of peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) for allogeneic transplantation and granulocytes for transfusion. The spectrum of its biologic and molecular activities in healthy individuals is coming into sharper focus, creating a unique set of challenges and clarifying the need to monitor and safeguard donor safety. Accumulating evidence indicates that rhG-CSF effects are not limited to the myeloid cell lineage. This may reflect the presence of functional G-CSF receptors on other cel…

Production of transgenic goat (Capra hircus) with human Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (hG-CSF) gene in Brazil.

In order to produce transgenic goats with hG-CSF, a total of 24 adult Saanen and 48 adult undefined breed goats were used as donors and recipients, respectively. Donors were estrus-synchronized with vaginal sponges and superovulated by a treatment with 200 mg FSH given twice daily in decreasing doses over 3 days starting 48 h before sponge removal. Ovulation was induced by injecting 100 microg GnRH 36 h after sponge removal. The recipients also received an estrus synchronization treatment. Donors were mated with fertile Saanen bucks and, approximately 72 h after sponge removal, zygotes were re

Recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor as treatment for poor prognosis oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia in elderly patients.

Twenty-five elderly patients with oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia (AML) received subcutaneous granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (filgrastim) in addition to supportive care. Ninety-two percent of the patients had multilineage dysplasia, 17% hypoplasia, and 48% a high-risk karyotype. During filgrastim treatment neutrophil and platelet counts increased significantly (p<0.0001 and (p=0.042), respectively) and 3/13 patients (23%) no longer required transfusions. A complete peripheral hematologic response (CHR) was obtained in eight (32%) and marrow blast cell clearance (<5%) in five patient…

Immune responses to an inactive vaccine against American cutaneous leishmaniasis together with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor.

The immunological response in healthy subjects to a crude leishmania antigen vaccine (Leishvacin) plus rhGM-CSF without prior Montenegro (DTH) skin testing was evaluated. Fifty-six healthy volunteers received vaccine plus either placebo or rhGM-CSF at day 0, followed by either a vaccine booster or placebo at day 21. IFN-gamma and IL-5 levels were significantly enhanced by day 21. The adjuvant group had a higher percentage of individuals with a significant response to vaccination than the corresponding placebo group. Eighty-six percent of all volunteers were DTH-positive by day 42. Leishvacin i

Establishment of a large cell lung cancer cell line (Y-ML-1B) producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

We established a new lung cancer cell line, designated Y-ML-1B, from a lung cancer of a 70-year-old Japanese man with leukocytosis and thrombocytosis. Before surgical resection, the white blood cell and platelet counts were elevated to 34,400/mm3 and 668,000/mm3, respectively, and the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) level in the serum was increased at 141 pg/mL. The primary tumor showed an undifferentiated morphology with large cells and induced extensive thickening of the pleura in the right hemithorax. The Y-ML-1B cells grow as a monolayer, with a doubling time of 19 hours, and…