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Research Progress on Chinese Herbal Medicine Components Targeting Ferroptosis for Cancer Therapy.

Recent studies indicate that ferroptosis shows unique advantages in oncotherapy, particularly in reversing multidrug resistance (MDR). Despite current therapeutic advancements, the treatment of high-incidence malignancies with dismal prognoses continues to face challenges, including limited clinical efficacy, significant side effects, and drug resistance. In recent years, Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has gained increasing attention in anti-tumor therapy. CHM bioactive components are highly effective in inducing tumor cell ferroptosis, inhibiting tumor proliferation and migration, and reversin

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… Similarly, artesunate and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) attenuate SLC7A11 expression at both the protein and mRNA levels while upregulating TFR1 mRNA in A549 cells. … Notably, the growth inhibition of A549 cells was partially reversed by ferroptosis inhibitors and ROS scavengers, confirming that ART and DHA inhibit A549 cells by inducing ferroptosis through the regulation of ROS production [ 69 ]. …

An overview of the potential anticancer properties of cardamonin.

Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality, contributing to 9.6 million deaths globally in 2018 alone. Although several cancer treatments exist, they are often associated with severe side effects and high toxicities, leaving room for significant advancements to be made in the field. In recent years, several phytochemicals from plants and natural bioresources have been extracted and tested against various human malignancies using both in vitro and in vivo preclinical model systems. Cardamonin, a chalcone extracted from the Alpinia species, is an example of a natural therapeutic agent that

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… Tang Y, Fang Q, Shi D, Niu P, Chen Y, Deng J. mTOR inhibition of cardamonin on antiproliferation of A549 cells is involved in a FKBP12 independent fashion. Life Sci. 2014;99:44–51. 10.1016/j.lfs.2014.01.066 65. Berning L, Scharf L, Aplak E, Stucki D, von Montfort C, Reichert AS, et al. …

Oncofetal Chondroitin Sulfate Is a Highly Expressed Therapeutic Target in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Broad-spectrum therapeutics in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are in demand. Most human solid tumors express proteoglycans modified with distinct oncofetal chondroitin sulfate (CS) chains that can be detected and targeted with recombinant VAR2CSA (rVAR2) proteins and rVAR2-derived therapeutics. Here, we investigated expression and targetability of oncofetal CS expression in human NSCLC. High oncofetal CS expression is associated with shorter disease-free survival and poor overall survival of clinically annotated stage I and II NSCLC patients (n = 493). Oncofetal CS qualifies as an independ

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… No. 354234) in 1:1 ratio, containing 1.0 × 10 6 A549 cells, were injected into a total of 23 mice using a 27-G needle by subcutaneous injection. Starting on day 2, tumor volume was measured by caliper three times a week. … Our oncofetal CS pulldown experiment on the A549 cell line identified a limited repertoire of oncofetal CS-modified CSPGs ( Figure 3 B). Among them, SDC1 expression is reportedly associated with NSCLC patient survival [ 38 ], independent of EGFR expression [ 39 ]. …

Exploring cellular diversity in lung adenocarcinoma epithelium: Advancing prognostic methods and immunotherapeutic strategies.

Immunotherapy has brought significant advancements in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), but identifying suitable candidates remains challenging. In this study, we investigated tumour cell heterogeneity using extensive single-cell data and explored the impact of different tumour cell cluster abundances on immunotherapy in the POPLAR and OAK immunotherapy cohorts. Notably, we found a significant correlation between CKS1B+ tumour cell abundance and treatment response, as well as stemness potential. Leveraging marker genes from the CKS1B+ tumour cell cluster, we employed machine learnin

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… (B) Colony formation assay to assess the clonogenic capability of A549 cells. (C) Ethynyl deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay to analyse the proliferation of A549 cells post‐transfection. … (D) Wound healing assay to evaluate the impact of si‐PSMB7 and pcDNA‐PSMB7 transfection on the migratory ability of A549 cells. (E) Transwell assay to examine the migration and invasion capacities of transfected A549 cells. ** p < 0.01;*** p < 0.001;**** p < 0.0001. …

Apoptotic Pathway as the Therapeutic Target for Anticancer Traditional Chinese Medicines.

Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death and it plays a vital role in human development and tissue homeostasis. Mounting evidence indicates that apoptosis is closely related to the survival of cancer and it has emerged as a key target for the discovery and development of novel anticancer drugs. Various studies indicate that targeting the apoptotic signaling pathway by anticancer drugs is an important mechanism in cancer therapy. Therefore, numerous novel anticancer agents have been discovered and developed from traditional

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… Hyperoside, the major pharmacologically active component of PV, could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis in lung cancer A549 cells ( Yang Y. et al., 2017 ). … Other studies also showed that curcumin induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis via overproduction of ROS in lung cancer A549 cells ( Kaushik et al., 2012 ). …

Chidamide increases the sensitivity of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer to Crizotinib by decreasing c-MET mRNA methylation.

Introduction: Crizotinib is a kinase inhibitor targeting c-MET/ALK/ROS1 used as the first-line chemical for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with ALK mutations. Although c-MET is frequently overexpressed in 35-72% of NSCLC, most NSCLCs are primarily resistant to crizotinib treatment. Method: A set of NSCLC cell lines were used to test the effect of chidamide on the primary crizotinib resistance in vitro and in vivo. Relationships between the synergistic effect of chidamide and c-MET expression and RNA methylation were systemically studied with a battery of molecular biologic

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… H1299 cells were kindly provided by professor Chengchao Shou, and A549 cells (with KRAS mutations) were kindly provided by professor Zhiqian Zhang. EBC-1 cell line with c-MET gene amplification (kindly provided by Dr. Yue Yang) was used as a crizotinib-sensitive control 23 . … For the H292, H1650, H1975, H1395, and A549 cell lines, the synergistic effect between crizotinib and chidamide was not seen, and the CI values were ≥ 1 (Figure 1 H-L). An antagonistic effect was detected in H292 cells ( p = 0.048). …

Screening the Active Phytochemicals From Eclipta prostrata and Unraveling Their Molecular Insight Into Human Malignancies.

Current drugs against multiple human malignancies are limited, and developing new treatment strategies is improbable within a short time. So, considering the current situation, phytochemicals could be a viable option for developing chemotherapeutic agents for managing numerous types of malignancies. Therefore, we aimed to locate all phytochemicals of Eclipta prostrata and unravel their chemotherapeutic mechanisms and strategies individually. We defined 25 active compounds based on their anticancer activities after filtering through IMPPAT and literature search, and these compounds have chemoth

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… | ↑cell growth, ↑cell proliferation | ↑COX, ↑PGE2, ↑MMPs, ↑PI3K | [ 94 ] Leukemia cancer | — | WEHI‐3B JCS | ↓cell proliferation | ↑TNF‐alpha, ↑IL‐1beta, ↑IFN‐gamma | [ 95 ] Ovarian cancer | — | SKOV‐3 and A2780 | ↓cell proliferation, ↑apoptosis, ↓cell migration, ↓cell invasion | ↑p27/Kip‐1, ↑microRNA … In lung cancer, Mouradian and colleagues showed that LA supplementation boosts cellular proliferation in A549 cells, enhances cyclooxygenase activity, increases prostaglandin E2 levels, and elevates matrix metalloproteinase and transforming growth factor alpha levels [ 197 ]. …

An understanding of mitochondria and its role in targeting nanocarriers for diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

Nanotechnology has changed the entire paradigm of drug targeting and has shown tremendous potential in the area of cancer therapy due to its specificity. In cancer, several targets have been explored which could be utilized for the better treatment of disease. Mitochondria, the so-called powerhouse of cell, portrays significant role in the survival and death of cells, and has emerged as potential target for cancer therapy. Direct targeting and nanotechnology based approaches can be tailor-made to target mitochondria and thus improve the survival rate of patients suffering from cancer. With thi

Recent Advances in Understanding the Mechanisms of Elemene in Reversing Drug Resistance in Tumor Cells: A Review.

Malignant tumors are life-threatening, and chemotherapy is one of the common treatment methods. However, there are often many factors that contribute to the failure of chemotherapy. The multidrug resistance of cancer cells during chemotherapy has been reported, since tumor cells' sensitivity decreases over time. To overcome these problems, extensive studies have been conducted to reverse drug resistance in tumor cells. Elemene, an extract of the natural drug Curcuma wenyujin, has been found to reverse drug resistance and sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Mechanisms by which elemene rever

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… Reversal of Drug Resistance by β-Elemene in Erlotinib-Resistant Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells (A549/ER): A Preliminary Experimental Study Master’s Thesis Fujian Medical University Fuzhou, China 2015 41. Ye Z. Xiujuan Q. Yunpeng L. Xianghong Y. Kezuo H. Yuee T. Jingdong Z. …

The metabolites from traditional Chinese medicine targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy.

Cancer is a major disease with ever-increasing morbidity and mortality. The metabolites derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have played a significant role in combating cancers with curative efficacy and unique advantages. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxide, stands out from the conventional forms of cell death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Recent evidence has demonstrated the potential of TCM metabolites targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy. We collected and screened related articles publ

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… cells (5 μM) A549 cell xenograft model (30 mg/kg/d) | Decreased SLC7A11 and GPX4 expression, increased labile iron pool | Lou et al. (2021) Saponin | Ophiopogonin B | | Gastric cancer Non-small cell lung cancer | AGS and NCI-N87 cells (10 μM or 20 μM) AGS cell xenograft model (50 mg/kg/d) A549 cells … cells (20 μM, 40 μM, and 80 μM) A549 cell xenograft models (0.25 mg/kg/d and 0.5 mg/kg/d) | Increased autophagosomes by inhibiting USP14 expression | Tsai et al. (2020) Polysaccharide | Red ginseng polysaccharide | — | Lung cancer Breast cancer | A549 and MDA-MB-231 cells (200 μg/mL) | Downregulated …

Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoids on Tumor Microenvironment: A Molecular Switch in Neoplasia Transformation.

The efficacy of chemotherapy depends on the tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment consists of a complex cellular network that can exert both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on tumor genesis. Given the increasing interest in the effectiveness of cannabis, cannabinoids have gained much attention as a potential chemotherapy drug. Cannabinoids are a group of marker compounds found in Cannabis sativa L., more commonly known as marijuana, a psychoactive drug used since ancient times for pain management. Although the anticancer potential of C. sativa, has been recognized previously, increa

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… Another study suggested that conditioned media acquired from A549 cells treated with vehicle for 2 days enhanced the viability, migration, and sprout formation of HUVEC compared to HUVEC incubated with non-conditioned EGM-2 medium for fibrin bead assays. … By contrast, HUVEC suspended in conditioned media of A549 cells treated with 3 µM CBD for 48 hours showed a considerable decline in migration and viability compared to conditioned media from vehicle-treated A549 cells. …

Exploring The Role of TOP2A in the Intersection of Pathogenic Mechanisms Between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on Bioinformatics.

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) share a common pathogenic mechanism, but the underlying mechanisms remain ambiguous. Our study aims at exploring the genetic-level pathogenic mechanism of these two diseases.MethodsWe carried out bioinformatics analysis on the GSE55235 and GSE213001 datasets. Machine learning was employed to identify candidate genes, which were further verified using the GSE92592 and GSE89408 datasets, as well as quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression levels of TOP2A in RA and IPF in vitro models were confirmed using West

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… A549 cells were treated with 10 ng/mL human recombinant TGF-β1 protein (HY-P7118, Med Chem Express, Shanghai, China) in high glucose DMEM containing 10% FBS for 48 hours to induce the model of IPF. … We utilized immunofluorescence to detect the effect of PluriSIn #2 on p-smad2/3 entry and found that PluriSIn#2 was capable of inhibiting TNF-α-induced p-smad2/3 entry in SW982 cells and TGF-β-induced A549 cells ( Figure 8A and C ). …

Icariin as a potential anticancer agent: a review of its biological effects on various cancers.

Numerous chemical compounds used in cancer treatment have been isolated from natural herbs to address the ever-increasing cancer incidence worldwide. Therein is icariin, which has been extensively studied for its therapeutic potential due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidepressant, and aphrodisiac properties. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and detailed review of studies on icariin in cancer treatment. Given this, this study reviews and examines the relevant literature on the chemopreventive and therapeutic potentials of icariin in cancer treatment and describes its mechan

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… Effects of icariin inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway on the survival and metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells . Chin. J. Immunol. 36 ( 17 ), 2091 – 2095 . Wu J. F. He X. D. Xu W. D. Li D. Sun L. Shen Z. ( 2009 ). … Study on the mechanism of icariin inhibiting the proliferation of lung cancer A549 cells . Wuhan, China : Huazhong University of Science and Technology . …

Mechanisms and Applications of Manganese-Based Nanomaterials in Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy.

Tumors are the second most common cause of mortality globally, ranking just below heart disease. With continuous advances in diagnostic technology and treatment approaches, the survival rates of some cancers have increased. Nevertheless, due to the complexity of the mechanisms underlying tumors, cancer remains a serious public health issue that threatens the health of the population globally. Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element for the human body. Its regulatory role in tumor biology has received much attention in recent years. Developments in nanotechnology have led to the emergence

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… Moreover, the HRG-Mn 3 O 4 nanoparticles increased the intracellular ROS generation in A549 cells in the presence of laser irradiation. … MNF@C-OSAs also demonstrated good biocompatibility and low toxicity in A549 cells and zebrafish embryos, supporting their use as theranostic agents. …

Quantification of promoting efficiency and reducing toxicity of Traditional Chinese Medicine: A case study of the combination of Tripterygium wilfordii hook. f. and Lysimachia christinae hance in the treatment of lung cancer.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) usually acts in the form of compound prescriptions in the treatment of complex diseases. The herbs contained in each prescription have the dual nature of efficiency and toxicity due to their complex chemical component, and the principle of prescription is usually to increase efficiency and reduce toxicity. At present, the studies on prescriptions have mainly focused on the consideration of the material basis and possible mechanism of the action mode, but the quantitative research on the compatibility rule of increasing efficiency and reducing toxicity is stil

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… A549 cell was treated with triptolide (12.5 nM), perillyl alcohol (500 μM) and α-terpineol (500 μM) alone or in combination. … Celastrol inhibits growth and increases apoptosis of human lung cancer A549 cells . Chin. J. Cell Mol. Immunol. 30626478 …

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in lung cancer; oncogenic alterations, therapeutic opportunities, challenges, and a glance at the application of nanoparticles.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway has recently been considered as one of the most altered molecular pathways in this malignancy, few articles reviewed the task. In this review, we aim to summarize the original data obtained from international research laboratories on the oncogenic alterations in each component of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in lung cancer. This review also responds to questions on how aberrant activation in this axis contributes to uncontrolled growth, drug resistance, sustained angiogenesis, as w

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… Antitumor activity of curcumin by modulation of apoptosis and autophagy in human lung cancer A549 cells through inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway Oncol. Rep. 39 2018 1523 1531 29328421 10.3892/or.2018.6188 81 Liu G. Pei F. Yang F. Li L. Amin A.D. Liu S. Buchan J.R. Cho W.C. …

Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for Cancer Diagnosis, Target Drug Delivery, and Treatment.

Cancer is regarded as one of the most deadly and mirthless diseases and it develops due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells. To date, varieties of traditional medications and chemotherapies have been utilized to fight tumors. However, their immense drawbacks, such as reduced bioavailability, insufficient supply, and significant adverse effects, make their use limited. Nanotechnology has evolved rapidly in recent years and offers a wide spectrum of applications in the healthcare sectors. Nanoscale materials offer strong potential for curing cancer as they pose low risk and fewer complica

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… The influence of ZnO NPs on the viability of A549 cells was comparable to that of the standard medication used, cyclophosphamide. … Likewise, ZnO NPs prepared from Raphanus sativus triggered cytotoxicity and showed significant results in the A549 cell line. …

Targeted drug combination therapy design based on driver genes.

Targeted therapies against cancer types with more than one driver gene hold bright but elusive promise, since approved drugs are not available for all driver mutations and monotherapies often result in resistance. Targeting multiple driver genes in different pathways at the same time may provide an impact extensive enough to fight resistance. Our goal was to find synergistic drug combinations based on the availability of targeted drugs and their biological activity profiles and created an associated compound library based on driver gene-related protein targets. In this study, we would like to

Gambogic Acid as a Candidate for Cancer Therapy: A Review.

Gambogic acid (GA), a kind of dry resin secreted by the Garcinia hanburyi tree, is a natural active ingredient with various biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-bacterial effects, etc. An increasing amount of evidence indicates that GA has obvious anti-cancer effects via various molecular mechanisms, including the induction of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis. In order to improve the efficacy in cancer treatment, nanometer drug delivery systems have been employed to load GA and form mice

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… cells | [ 95 ] PAG/DTX-shRNA micelles | In vitro and in vivo | | Breast cancer | MCF-7 cells | [ 121 ] GA-LMWH micelles | In vivo | | Hepatic cancer | H 22 cells | [ 96 ] GA-PEG-PCL micelles | In vitro | | Lung cancer | A549 cells | [ 97 ] PEG-pHis-PLGA/TPGS micelles | In vitro | pH sensitive moiety … Effects of gambogic acid on regulation of steroid receptor coactivator-3 in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. Chinese J Cancer Res . 2009;21(1):68–73. 52. Cui GH, Shu WX, Wu Q, Chen Y. Effect of gambogic acid on the regulation of hERG channel in K562 cells in vitro. …

A Preclinical Evaluation of the Antitumor Activities of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms: A Molecular Insight.

Cancer is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the globe. For certain types of cancer, chemotherapy drugs have been extensively used for treatment. However, severe side effects and the development of resistance are the drawbacks of these agents. Therefore, development of new agents with no or minimal side effects is of utmost importance. In this regard, natural compounds are well recognized as drugs in several human ailments, including cancer. One class of fungi, "mushrooms," contains numerous compounds that exhibit interesting biological activities, including antitumor activity