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Pertussis infection and allergic sensitization.

BACKGROUND: The immunogenic activity of B. pertussis infection has been described in various laboratory, animal, and clinical studies. There is, however, no information on the impact of pertussis on allergies in the total population. OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence of allergic sensitization and allergic rhinitis in children with and without previous pertussis infection. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out on 13,937 10-year-old children in the western (Munich and Southern Bavaria) and eastern parts of Germany (Leipzig and the region around Halle). A total o…

[German practice of involuntary commitment at both federal and state level after introduction of the Guardianship law (1992-2009)].

BACKGROUND: Given the steady rise of psychiatric coercive measures in Germany, the question arises whether this development is significantly influenced by the corresponding legal basis or through epidemiological, socio-economic or socio-structural factors. METHODS: Based on full surveys of the Federal Ministry of Justice we examined the development and associations of 10 indicators of coercive psychiatric measures over a period of 18 years. Time trends of all indicators have been descriptively analysed. Statistical associations between time trends and between involuntary and admissions econom…

Household Surveys in the General Population and Web-Based Surveys in IQOS Users Registered at the Philip Morris International IQOS User Database: Protocols on the Use of Tobacco- and Nicotine-Containing Products in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (Greater London), 2018-2020.

BACKGROUND: Philip Morris International (PMI) has developed a novel heat-not-burn tobacco product, Tobacco Heating System (THS), which is ma … and nicotine-containing products is crucial. In March 2018, PMI launched cross-sectional surveys in Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom (Greater London) to estimate the prevalence and use patterns of IQOS and other tobacco- and nicotine-containing products use in these 3 markets following the commercialization of IQOS. This study describes the protocol …

Isolation of herpesvirus and Newcastle disease virus from White Storks (Ciconia ciconia) maintained at four rehabilitation centres in northern Germany during 1983 to 2001 and failure to detect antibodies against avian influenza A viruses of subtypes H5 and H7 in these birds.

Herpesvirus isolations from peripheral white blood cells of 253 White Storks (Ciconia ciconia) were obtained during a long-term study (1983 to 2001). The storks lived for a few months to 20 years at four rehabilitation centres. Isolates were obtained from 83 of 253 storks. This herpesvirus is indigenous for storks and unrelated to any other avian herpesvirus. Significantly more herpesvirus isolates were obtained during spring than in autumn samplings. The intervals between the first and last virus isolation ranged from 1 to 15 years. Herpesvirus isolates were simultaneously obtained from white

Do summaries of evidence enable informed decision-making about COVID-19 and influenza vaccination equitably across more and less disadvantaged groups? Study protocol for a multi-centre cluster randomised controlled trial of 'fact boxes' in health and social care in Germany.

INTRODUCTION: Evidence summaries on the benefits and harms of treatment options support informed decisions under controlled conditions. Howe … centre, cluster-randomised, controlled trial, health educators from usual care and outreach work in Germany will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to provide either usual health communication plus an evidence summary ('fact box') or usual health communication. Health educators provide a flyer about COVID-19 or influenza vaccination which contains a link to an …

Short-Term Urinary Incontinence After Radical Prostatectomy Is Still Based on Patients' Age, Nerve-Sparing Approach, and Surgical-Experience, Despite the Higher-Use of Robotic Surgery in 2022 Compared to 2016 Real-World Results of a Large Rehabilitation Center in Germany.

BACKGROUND: Despite constant improvements, incontinence is one of the most relevant and quality-of-life-reducing side effects of radical pro … SION: Our study shows little improvement in short-term postoperative incontinence rates after RP in Germany in the last 6 years and known risk factors for postoperative incontinence like age, nerve-sparing surgery, and level of experience were reproduced in our analyses. We conclude not only to carefully select but also to counsel patients before being tr …

[Burnout: a German phenomenon?].

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether the term "burnout" is particularly popular in Germany. METHODS: Results from four representative population surveys on public beliefs and attitudes about mental disorders, which have been conducted in Germany, Austria, France, and Italy between 2009 and 2012, are compared. In all surveys, respondents had been presented with a case-vignette depicting someone suffering from a moderate depressive episode. Following that, they were asked how they would call the condition described in the case-vignette. RESULTS: While in Germany and Austria over 10 % of respondents l…

Age period cohort analysis of rheumatic heart disease in high-income countries.

INTRODUCTION: Rheumatic heart disease is considered well-controlled in high-income countries; however, its actual trends in mortality remain unclarified. We analyzed trends in mortality from rheumatic heart disease in association with age, period, and birth cohort. METHODS: We analyzed the WHO mortality database to determine trends in mortality from rheumatic heart disease in the UK, Germany, France, Italy, Japan, Australia, USA, and Canada from 2000 to 2020. We used age-cohort-period modeling to estimate cohort and period effects. Net drift (overall annual percentage change), local drift (an…

[The Malignant Melanoma Central Register of the German Society of Dermatology 1983-1993. Epidemiologic developments and current therapeutic management of malignant melanoma of the skin].

The Central Malignant Melanoma Registry of the German Dermatological Society was founded in 1983 and has meanwhile developed into a major continuously updated multicentre project. Up to June 1994, 19,250 reports of cutaneous melanoma had been received, from 41 departments of dermatology in the former Federal Republic of Germany, from 14 departments in the former German Democratic Republic, from 2 departments in Austria, and from 1 department in Switzerland. Analysis of the data revealed some epidemiological trends over time during the years 1983 to 1993. (1) During the last 10 years the percen…

Viridans and bovis group streptococci that cause infective endocarditis in two regions with contrasting epidemiology.

Viridans group (VGS) or bovis group streptococci (BGS) are the major causes for streptococcal infective endocarditis (IE). However, the causative isolates are not sufficiently characterized. Using multilocus sequence analysis we have examined VGS and BGS (VGS/BGS) isolates that caused IE in southern India and Germany, two distant geographic regions with a contrasting IE epidemiology. Other than in Germany, the majority of patients (68%) in Chennai, southern India had an underlying rheumatic heart disease (RHD). In accord with the high prevalence of RHD in the younger population and with the ex…

General practice in the German Democratic Republic (1949-1990) : A discipline between threat and professionalization.

BACKGROUND: In the 1950s the socialist health policy in East Germany did not follow a clear-cut course with regard to outpatient medical care. Whilst state-run policlinics gradually took the place of doctors in private practice, the required qualifications of physicians working in outpatient care remained unclear. After preparatory lobbying by committed physicians from the outpatient sector, the 1960 Weimar Health Conference finally paved the way for the preservation and professionalization of general practice in East Germany. AIM: The article analyzes the formation of general practice as a s…

International differences in the selection and outcome of minimally invasive and open distal pancreatectomy: A transatlantic analysis.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy and safety of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy have been confirmed by randomized trials, but current patient selection and outcome of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in large international cohorts is unknown. This study aimed to compare the use and outcome of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in North America, the Netherlands, Germany, and Sweden. METHODS: All patients in the 4 Global Audits on Pancreatic Surgery Group (GAPASURG) registries who underwent minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy or open distal pancreatectomy during 2014-2020 wer…

The distribution in specific IgE and the prevalence of allergic symptoms in 25-64-years old inhabitants of an eastern and a western German city--results from Augsburg and Erfurt.

BACKGROUND: In an earlier study it has been found that allergic symptoms and sensitization in adults were more frequent in Hamburg (northern part of West Germany) compared to Erfurt (East Germany). The purpose of this study was to replicate these findings using data from Augsburg, a city from the southern part of West Germany. Furthermore the study population in this analysis was extended to higher age groups. METHODS: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms, assessed by a self-administered questionnaire, was compared in a random sample of adults, 25-64 years of age, living in Augsburg (n = 15…

Airway diseases and allergies in East and West German children during the first 5 years after reunification: time trends and the impact of sulphur dioxide and total suspended particles.

BACKGROUND: East-West comparison studies in Europe find higher prevalences of infectious airway diseases and lower prevalences of allergies in eastern areas. Pollution from sulphur dioxide (SO2) or total suspended particles (TSP) are discussed as causes of this difference. METHODS: In four differently polluted areas of East Germany where pollution decreased dramatically between 1989 and 1995 cross-sectional studies in about 7-year-old children were repeated every year between 1991 and 1995. In two differently polluted areas of West Germany studies with the same design were done in 1991 and 19…

[Is there an Association between Prevention Campaign Knowledge and Sun Protection Behaviour of Parents for their Children? Results of a Parent Survey].

AIM: The aims of this study are to assess prevalence of awareness of sun protection campaigns among parents in Bavaria, Germany, to analyse the impact of sociodemographic factors on campaign knowledge and the association between parental campaign knowledge and sun protection behaviour in their children. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in 2010-2011 in Bavaria, Germany, with parents of 4,579 children aged 5-6 years (response rate 61%). RESULTS: Prevalence of knowledge of sun protection campaigns is 13% among parents in Germany and independent of sociodemographic factors. Ignor…

Prognostic Factors of MS Conversion in Optic Neuritis.

Investigators from Children's Hospital Aschaffenburg, Germany; University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; University Children's Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; and other international centers studied prognostic factors in optic neuritis.

Кьюлексы пипиены и популяции кулекского торрента из Центральной Европы подвержены вирусной инфекции Западного Нила.

Вирус Западного Нила (WNV), флавивирус с птичьим первичным носителем, уже широко распространен в Европе и может также представлять опасность заражения Германии, если присутствуют компетентные переносчики комаров. Поэтому мы проанализировали способность ВНВ заражать немецкие комары кулексов с уделением особого внимания полевым образцам кулекса торрента и пипиенов кулекса биотипа. Мы собирали яичные плоты комаров Кулекса в течение двух последующих сезонов в двух географических районах отбора проб в Германии и дифференцировали образцы молекулярными методами. Взрослые самки, воспитанные на различн

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
West Nile virus (WNV), a Flavivirus with an avian primary host, is already widespread in Europe and might also pose an infection risk to Germany, should competent mosquito vectors be present. Therefore, we analysed the ability of WNV to infect German Culex mosquitoes with special emphasis on field collected specimens of Culex torrentium and Culex pipiens bio…

Analysis of the German perinatal survey of the years 2007-2011 and comparison with data from 1995-1997: neonatal characteristics and duration of pregnancy.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: We have previously analysed neonatal characteristics and duration of pregnancy in Germany based on data from the German Perinatal Survey of 1995-1997. Here we describe neonatal characteristics and duration of pregnancy based on the German Perinatal Survey of 2007-2011. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We had been provided with data from the German Perinatal Survey of 1995-1997 by the chambers of physicians of all the states of Germany except Baden-Württemberg (1 815 318 singleton neonates). We were also provided with access to the perinatal survey data of 2007-2011 by the AQUA Instit…

[Climate change and vector-borne disease-significance for intensive care and emergency medicine].

Tropical diseases are becoming increasingly important in medical care in Germany due to climate change and the spread of vectors and viruses. The widely distributed Culex mosquitoes in Germany can transmit the West Nile virus, which causes West Nile fever. Severe neuroinvasive disease courses with acute flaccid paralysis, meningitis, and encephalitis are possible. The invasive tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus) is increasingly establishing itself in Germany and is a potent vector of viruses that have so far occurred mainly in tropical-subtropical areas, including dengue and chikungunya virus. S…

Anemia and iron deficiency among chronic kidney disease Stages 3-5ND patients in the Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study: often unmeasured, variably treated.

BACKGROUND: International variation in anemia assessment and management practices in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is poorly understood. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of anemia laboratory monitoring, prevalence and management in the prospective Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (CKDopps). A total of 6766 participants with CKD Stages 3a-5ND from nephrology clinics in Brazil, France, Germany and the USA were included. RESULTS: Among patients with anemia (hemoglobin <12 g/dL), 36-58% in Brazil, the USA and Germany had repeat hemoglobin measured and 40…