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Presentation and survival of multiple myeloma patients in Ghana: a review of 169 cases.

BACKGROUND: Africans have an increased risk for multiple myeloma (MM) compared to other races. Reports from Africa are few and involve small cohorts, but suggest significant epidemiological and clinical differences from Caucasian patients. OBJECTIVE: This report describes the clinic-pathological features of MM patients in Ghana at diagnosis, and the factors affecting their survival. METHODS: A retrospective review of 169 MM cases diagnosed in a Ghanaian tertiary hospital from 2002-2016. RESULTS: Median age was 58 years, with 29% ≤50 years. One-third presented >12 months after onset of sympt

The research progress on radionuclides in osteoporosis diagnosis and drug efficacy monitoring.

Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease that seriously affects the quality of life and health of patients. Traditional diagnostic methods, such as dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), have limitations in early detection and dynamic monitoring, making it difficult to meet clinical needs. This paper focuses on the potential of radionuclide imaging techniques, such as Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) and Positron Emission Tomography (PET), in the early diagnosis of osteoporosis. The paper further elaborates on the importance of radionuclides in evaluating the therapeu

Physiological Role and Use of Thyroid Hormone Metabolites - Potential Utility in COVID-19 Patients.

Thyroxine and triiodothyronine (T3) are classical thyroid hormones and with relatively well-understood actions. In contrast, the physiological role of thyroid hormone metabolites, also circulating in the blood, is less well characterized. These molecules, namely, reverse triiodothyronine, 3,5-diiodothyronine, 3-iodothyronamine, tetraiodoacetic acid and triiodoacetic acid, mediate both agonistic (thyromimetic) and antagonistic actions additional to the effects of the classical thyroid hormones. Here, we provide an overview of the main factors influencing thyroid hormone action, and then go on t

A Rare Presentation of Multiple Myeloma as a Second Primary Cancer Sequential to Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: The sequential occurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) a common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM) is exceedingly rare, presenting a significant challenge in both diagnosis and treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: The case report discusses a 60-year-old male patient with a history of DLBCL which was diagnosed following symptoms of fever, weight loss and night sweats. He was treated with RVP (rituximab 375 mg/m2, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2, prednisolone 60 mg/m2) and R-CHOP regimen (rituximab 375 mg/m2, cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, doxorubicin 50 mg/m2,

The impact of radiation treatment planning technique on unplanned hospital admissions.

PurposeTreatment burdens and toxicities related to palliative radiation therapy (RT) may lead to unplanned hospital admissions (UHAs). The likelihood for these toxicities may be related to treatment technique. We compared rates of UHA between patients receiving nonconformal (2-dimensional) and conformal (3-dimensional or higher) radiation treatments to bone metastases involving the vertebral column.Methods and materialsWe retrospectively analyzed patients treated with RT for bone metastases at a single tertiary care center between 2010 and 2017. We compared rates of RT-related UHA within 90 da

Paradoxical Stress Fracture in a Patient With Multiple Myeloma and Bisphosphonate Use.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder with related organ dysfunction, including hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, anemia, and bone disease. Osteolytic bone lesions that result in pain and pathologic fractures are a major source of morbidity and the use of bisphosphonates is generally safe and effective treatment in reducing myeloma-related skeletal fractures and associated morbidity. We present a 73-year-old African American woman with MM in remission and on intravenous (IV) bisphosphonate therapy in the past five years who reported gradually worsening bilateral thigh pain of six m

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… Table 1 Selected serum laboratory tests and biopsy result WBC: white blood cell; MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration; RDW: red cell distribution width; INR: international normalized ratio; IgG: immunoglobulin G Serum Laboratory Tests (1/15/2014) | Value | …

Острый панкреатит в качестве первоначального представления метастатического рака груди, вызванного злокачественной гиперкальцемией: доклад по делу.

Острый панкреатит, вызванный гиперкальцемией, является редким заболеванием, которое чаще всего ассоциируется с первичным гиперпаратироидизмом или продвинутыми магнеями, и представляет собой экстренную метаболическую ситуацию. Мы сообщаем о случае 63-year-old Женщина, которая испытывала сильную эпигазную боль в животе, запор и приступы дезориентации. Лабораторные тесты выявили повышенные поджелудочные ферменты и сильную гиперкальцемию. Был диагностирован острейший панкреатит, вторичный до гиперкальцемии, и нормальные уровни паратироидного гормона (PTH) исключали первичный гиперпаратироидизм. Пр

Belantamab Mafodotin with Pomalidomide and Dexamethasone in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: A Comprehensive Exposure-Response Analysis of the DREAMM-8 Study.

BackgroundIn the phase 3 DREAMM-8 study (NCT04484623), belantamab mafodotin (anti-B-cell maturation antigen [BCMA] antibody-drug conjugate with a monomethyl auristatin F payload) with pomalidomide and dexamethasone (BPd) showed significant progression-free survival benefit in second-line or later relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).ObjectiveThis exposure-response analysis explored the relationship between belantamab mafodotin cycle 1 exposure and efficacy/safety and predicted the benefit-risk profile of belantamab mafodotin at an initial dose of 1.9 versus 2.5 mg/kg using DREAMM-8 data

Sintilimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) combined with high-dose methotrexate, temozolomide, and rituximab (anti-CD20 antibody) in primary central nervous system lymphoma: a phase 2 study.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and frequently fatal lymphoma subtype. The programmed death-1 (PD-1) pathway has emerged as a potential therapeutic target, but the effectiveness of PD-1 antibody sintilimab in combination with immunochemotherapy as a frontline treatment for PCNSL remains to be determined. In this phase 2 trial (ChiCTR1900027433) with a safety run-in, we included patients aged 18-70 with newly diagnosed PCNSL. Participants underwent six 21-day cycles of a SMTR regimen, which includes sintilimab (200 mg, Day 0), rituximab (375 mg/m2, Day 0), methotrexate

A case of IgE myeloma transformed into IgE-producing plasma cell leukaemia.

This is a case report of a challenging diagnosis of IgE monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, which transformed into myeloma, then transformed into IgE-producing plasma cell leukaemia in a 71-year-old male who was followed in Brest, France, from 2015 to 2019. The IgE-producing variant is the rarest sub-type of multiple myeloma, and plasma cell leukaemia is considered to be the rarest and the most aggressive of human monoclonal gammopathies. In November 2015, hypogammaglobulinemia was detected during a systematic check-up. A kappa light chain monoclonal gammopathy was first diagno

Alterations in Salivary Proteome following Single Twenty-Minute Session of Yogic Breathing.

Yogic breathing (YB) has been suggested to reduce stress and blood pressure and increase cognitive processes. However, alterations after YB at the molecular level are not well established. Twenty healthy volunteers were randomized into two groups (N = 10 per group): YB or attention controls (AC). The YB group performed two YB exercises, each for ten minutes, for a total of twenty minutes in a single session. AC group read a text of their choice for 20 minutes. Saliva was collected at baseline and at 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes. Using Mass Spectrometry (MS), we initially found that 22 proteins we

Pulmonary Hypertension in an Oncologic Intensive Care Unit

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Доклад по делу и всеобъемлющий обзор литературы: редкий случай экстрамуллярной плазмоцитомы в трахее.

Этот случай описывает редкий случай изолированной экстрамуллярной плазмоцитомы в трахее 69-year-old Женщины, страдающие острыми респираторными расстройствами 1 h До поступления. Вычисленная томография грудной клетки (CT) выявила нокулярное повреждение внутри трахеи, которое характеризовалось маргинальной кальцинацией и сильным стратозом трахеиального люмена. Фибероптическая бронхоскопия показала, что носовое повреждение значительно помешало люмену дыхательных путей. Пациент прошел технически требовательную процедуру детонации эндоскопической опухоли. Гистопатологический анализ с помощью эндоск

Enhanced sialylation of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells contributes to immune remodeling through macrophage polarization in multiple myeloma patients.

INTRODUCTION: In multiple myeloma (MM), the immune system is disrupted, partly due to tumor-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs). These MSCs show altered glycosylation, including increased sialylation, which may promote immune evasion through Siglec interactions. METHODS: We quantified sialic acids and Siglec ligands on healthy donors-, MM-, T-MM-(treated multiple myeloma) and MGUS (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance)-MSCs, and examined how different culture conditions (myeloma coculture, conditioned medium, hypoxia, inflammation, 3D culture) affect MSC gly

The molecular make up of smoldering myeloma highlights the evolutionary pathways leading to multiple myeloma.

Smoldering myeloma (SMM) is associated with a high-risk of progression to myeloma (MM). We report the results of a study of 82 patients with both targeted sequencing that included a capture of the immunoglobulin and MYC regions. By comparing these results to newly diagnosed myeloma (MM) we show fewer NRAS and FAM46C mutations together with fewer adverse translocations, del(1p), del(14q), del(16q), and del(17p) in SMM consistent with their role as drivers of the transition to MM. KRAS mutations are associated with a shorter time to progression (HR 3.5 (1.5-8.1), p = 0.001). In an analysis of ch

Новое понимание механизма нейрохимического несбалансированности при множественном склерозе: ненормальный перенос внеклеточного пространства мозга.

Нейрохимический дисбаланс является фактором, способствующим возникновению неврологических симптомов при множественном склерозе (МС). Взрослая милиновая оболочка имеет решающее значение для транспортировки веществ в внеклеточном пространстве (ЭКС) и для поддержания местного гомеостаза. Поэтому мы предположим, что нарушение переноса ЭКС после демиелионирующих повреждений может привести к нейрохимическому дисбалансу в MS. В рамках нынешнего исследования для изучения пространственных нейрохимических изменений использовалась односторонняя модель MS, вызванная лизофосфатидилхолином. Результаты показ

Качество жизни, связанное со здоровьем COVID-19 Пандемия о людях, страдающих множественным склерозом, и население в целом: сравнительное исследование с использованием EQ-5D-5L с психосоциальным Болтом-Оном.

ЦЕЛИ: Исследования показали, что люди, живущие с множественным склерозом (PwMS), были серьезно затронуты COVID-19 Пандемия. Однако ни одно из исследований не сравнило общее качество жизни, связанное со здоровьем населения COVID-19 :: пандемическое воздействие на население и население в целом. Различия будут иметь последствия для политики регулирования кризисов/пандемий. Цель этого исследования заключалась в сопоставлении показателей распространенности и качества жизни, связанных со здоровьем населения COVID-19-related Неблагоприятные условия (такие, как ухудшение психического или физического з

How we manage smoldering multiple myeloma.

Smoldering myeloma (SMM) is an asymptomatic stage characterized by bone marrow plasma cells infiltration between 10-60% in absence of myeloma-defining events and organ damage. Until the revision of criteria of MM to require treatment, two main prognostic models, not overlapping each other, were proposed and used differently in Europe and in US. Novel manageable drugs, like lenalidomide and monoclonal antibodies, with high efficacy and limited toxicity, improvement in imaging and prognostication, challenge physicians to offer early treatment to highrisk SMM. Taking advantage from the debates of

The interplay of CD150 and CD180 receptor pathways contribute to the pathobiology of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells by selective inhibition of Akt and MAPK signaling.

Cell surface expression of CD150 and CD180 receptors in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) associates with mutational IGHV status and favourable prognosis. Here we show a direct correlation between cell surface expression and colocalization of these receptors on CLL B cells. In the absence of CD150 and CD180 on the cell surface both receptors were expressed in the cytoplasm. The CD150 receptor was colocalized with markers of the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus and early endosomes. In contrast, CD180 was detected preferentially in early endosomes. Analysis of CD150 isoforms different

Clinico-biological significance of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 expression in acute myeloid leukemia.

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) protein, which encodes a member of signal transducers and activators of transcription-induced inhibitors, takes part in a negative regulation of cytokine signaling. The mechanism of SOCS1 in tumor carcinogenesis is complex and there have been no studies concerning the clinic-biologic implication of SOCS1 expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we first identified that higher bone marrow (BM) SOCS1 expression was closely associated with older age, FLT3-ITD, NPM1 and DNMT3A mutations, but negatively correlated with CEBPA mutation in patients w