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Frog experiment onboard space station Mir.

Japanese tree frogs (Hyla japonica) showed unique postures and behavior during an 8-day flight to the Russian space station Mir. When floating in the air, the animals arched their back and extended their four limbs. This posture resembles that observed during jumping or parachuting of the animals on the ground. Frog sitting on a surface bent their neck backward sharply, did not fold their hind limbs completely, and pressed their abdomen against the substrate. They walked backwards in this posture. The typical posture resembles that adopted during the emetic behavior process on the ground, alth…

Spina bifida and cerebral palsy.

A new test of posture and mobility has been applied to a small group of spina bifida children with different lower limb motor levels, and to a further group of children with both spina bifida and associated cerebral palsy of the hemiplegic type. It is demonstrated that this test of posture and mobility is applicable to spina bifida children and that gross motor handicap is therefore quantifiable. The posture and mobility scores of children with spina bifida or cerebral palsy is significantly less than those of normal children and the scores for children with both spina bifida as well as cerebr…

Intra- and Inter-Individual Spectral Pattern Variability of sEMG in Elbow Flexor Motor Tasks.

Understanding intra- and inter-individual variability in muscle activation is essential for applications in rehabilitation, ergonomics, and motor control research. Surface electromyography (sEMG) provides a non-invasive tool to study these patterns by capturing the electrical activity of muscles. This study investigated the spectral pattern variability of sEMG signals recorded from the biceps brachii and brachioradialis during repeated near-maximal isometric elbow flexion tasks with supinated and neutral forearm postures. sEMG signals from 33 healthy adults were analyzed in the frequency domai…

Health risk assessment and prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among the aged brick molders, in India.

The Brickfield Industry is the major and oldest informal industry in India, where millions of brickfield workers make their livelihood. Aged … among both groups of workers and the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) method was used to evaluate posture during their job. The RULA posture analysis showed that the posture adopted by aged brick molders required changes immediately. The result of the ART tool also stated that the brick molding activities' exposure level was high and required further in …

Effect of toilet seat height and inclination on sit-to-stand motion for subjects with limited trunk mobility.

This study aims to clarify the toilet seat height and inclination conditions that promote sit-to-stand motion for users with simulated kyphosis and reduced trunk mobility. The study was performed on healthy subjects with spinal orthosis to simulate a kyphotic posture and reduced trunk mobility (simulated kyphosis) in which the toilet seat was either not adjusted ("standard setting"), supplemented by 3 cm or 5 cm ("3 cm higher" or "5 cm higher"), or tilted forward by 5° or 15° ("5° tilt" or "15° tilt"). Subjective evaluation using sensory evaluation and objective evaluation using floor reaction…

Biomechanical effects of sitting with adjustable ischial and lumbar support on occupational low back pain: evaluation of sitting load and back muscle activity.

BACKGROUND: Compared to standing posture, sitting decreases lumbar lordosis, increases low back muscle activity, disc pressure, and pressure on the ischium, which are associated with occupational LBP. A sitting device that reduces spinal load and low back muscle activities may help increase sitting comfort and reduce LBP risk. The objective of this study is to investigate the biomechanical effect of sitting with a reduced ischial support and an enhanced lumbar support (Off-Loading) on load, interface pressure and muscle activities. METHODS: A laboratory test in low back pain (LBP) and asympto…

Determination of lumbar muscular activity in helicopter pilots: a new approach.

BACKGROUND: Discomfort in the lumbar region is a frequent complaint of helicopter pilots. Two factors that helicopter crewmembers relate to back pain are exposure to vibration and poor posture during flight, because during flight the seat and controls force the pilot to adopt an asymmetric posture. Repeated exposure to these adverse flight conditions could cause pathological changes in the spine. The purpose of this study was to compare right and left sided lumbar muscular activity in helicopter pilots under real flight conditions, using surface electromyography (SEMG) to demonstrate the effec…

Test-retest reliability [corrected] of center of pressure measures of postural stability during quiet standing in a group with musculoskeletal disorders consisting of low back pain, anterior cruciate ligament injury and functional ankle instability.

Reliability is a population-specific property, but to the authors' knowledge there has been no study to determine the test-retest reliability of the postural stability measures such as center of pressure (COP) measures in the population of patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), while their clinical applications have been presented in literature. So, 33 patients with low back pain (LBP), anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and functional ankle instability (FAI) randomly completed postural measurements with three levels of difficulty (rigid surface-eyes open, rigid surface-eyes clos

Successful treatment of atlantooccipital luxation in an alpaca (Lama pacos).

A 7-mo-old male alpaca (Lama pacos) presented with an abnormal lowered posture of the head and neck and reluctance to walk. Cervical radiographs demonstrated atlantooccipital luxation. Successful manual closed reduction was achieved while the animal was anesthetized, resulting in complete return to normal gait and posture.

Jaw Functional Orthopedics and Osteopathic Approaches As Adjunctive Treatment for Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Case Report.

In this case report, we present a patient with idiopathic scoliosis who had been treated with a traditional Chenault corset for seven years without good results. After starting with osteopathy associated with jaw functional orthopedics as adjuvant therapeutics, in 11 months, the difference in posture was evident. It enhanced the effectiveness of the treatment and provided a more complete equilibrium to the patient. Jaw functional orthopedic appliances are able to change the maxillo-mandibular relationship and improve the physiology of the masticatory apparatus, including the position of the co…

Cardiac output measurements during and after triplet gestation.

In a gravida with a triplet gestation complicated by fainting attacks and transient episodes of apparently positional hypotension, cardiac output was measured noninvasively to determine the optimal posture during cesarean section. Before delivery, cardiac output and mean arterial pressure were highest in the left semilateral position and lowest in the right semilateral posture. Shortly after delivery of the infants, cardiac output was still highest in the left semilateral position but lowest in the supine posture. Twenty-four and 48 hours later, the values were almost identical in all three po…

Виртуальная физиотерапия на основе нейропрофилактики в множестве склероза: протокол для двойного беспорядочного теста с двойным проверочным склерозом на функцию верхней конечности, почту и качество жизни с молекулярной и функциональной оценкой МРТ.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: У людей с множественным склерозом (pwMS) широко распространено нарушение конечности (UL), а функциональное восстановление UL является ключевой целью реабилитации. Технологические подходы, как и виртуальная реальность, все более перспективны. В то время как большинство VR-клиентов ориентированы на конкретные задачи, наш клинический подход включает в себя принципы нейропрофилактичности "содействия и сдерживания" (NFI). Чтобы продвинуться вперед, мы разработали погруженное VR программное обеспечение, основанное на принципах NFI, которое ориентировано на функцию UL и способность стоять н

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… The repetition of these activated programmes through a set of stimuli adjusts posture with anatomical centration of the joints under various conditions. This will lead to better support for postural stabilisation while seated, getting up, stepping forward and standing. … Pf1-f2—the spectral characteristic of postural tremor, a power of the signal in a band from f1 to f2—lower value, lower tremor. …

Exploring the association between number, severity, location of fracture, and occiput-to-wall distance.

UNLABELLED: This study of women with a suspected vertebral fracture determined the association between vertebral fracture characteristics and posture. The number of fractures was associated with posture. Severity of fracture was associated with posture when adjusting for pain. Fracture characteristics explain some variability in posture in women with a suspected vertebral fracture. PURPOSE: Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. An accumulation of vertebral fractures may lead to forward head posture, which has been independently associated with…

Standing anterior pelvic tilt is correlated with the proximal femur shape of individuals with cam morphology.

BACKGROUND: Spinopelvic morphology and alignment have been theorized to play a role in causing femoroacetabular impingement syndrome symptom … individuals with and without cam morphology and impingement symptoms. Group differences in standing posture and shape were assessed, along with correlations between shape and posture. FINDINGS: Patients stood with less anterior pelvic tilt and greater hip extension than asymptomatic individuals without cam morphology. A more patient-like proximal femur s …

Descriptors and definitions of heading technique and performance in football: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: This systematic review explored descriptors (and their definition) used to assess heading technique and performance as well as h … related (head impact location, head and neck position, head-to-torso position, eyes on ball, mouth posture, pre-heading muscle activation); body positioning (body posture/stance, body weight distribution, torso/spinal posture, player movement, upper limb posture, lower limb posture); jumping (initiation, in air, landing) and contested header (heading due …

Lower thoracic spine extension mobility is associated with higher intensity of thoracic spine pain.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the association of thoracic spine (TS) posture and mobility with TS pain. METHODS: Participants with TS pain reported maximum, average, and night pain in TS area, and pain summary score was calculated. Upright and sitting TS postures were evaluated by inspection. TS posture and mobility (flexion and extension) were recorded using an inclinometer and a tape measure, respectively. Correlations between posture and mobility assessments were calculated using Spearman rank correlation, the association of TS posture and mobility with TS pain by logistic regression analysis. …

Dynamics of Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle Contraction.

OBJECTIVES: Laryngeal function requires neuromuscular activation of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles (ILMs). Rapid activation of the ILMs occ … tion was performed via the respective nerves at current levels needed to achieve maximum vocal fold posture change. Muscle contraction and posture changes were recorded with high speed video (HSV). HSV frames were then analyzed to measure response times required from the onset of muscle contraction to the time the vocal folds achieved maximum posture chan …

Morphological and mechanical properties of plantar fascia and intrinsic foot muscles in individuals with and without flat foot.

PURPOSE: Many musculoskeletal disorders are associated with over-pronated foot and decreased medial longitudinal arch (MLA) height. Foot int … ndividuals. METHODS: The study included 80 participants, 40 with flat foot and 40 with normal foot posture. The foot posture of the participants was assessed using the Foot Posture Index. PF, FHB, FDB, and AbH thickness and stiffness were measured with an ultrasonography device using a linear ultrasonography probe. RESULTS: Individuals with flat foot ha …

The association between multiple sclerosis and spondylosis: When and why.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate risk factors for the development of cervical spine spondylosis (CSS) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and to … olume were assessed. In the cervical spine CSS indices (disk dehydration, disk protrusion, abnormal posture and osteophytosis) and the spinal cord lesion load (SLL) was evaluated. The association of CSS indices with the presence of MS, the clinical scales and the brain and spinal cord imaging measurements were assessed. RESULTS: Presence of MS was positi …

Are flexible flat feet associated with proximal joint problems in children?

The role of flexible flat feet (FF) in the development of musculoskeletal symptoms at joints proximal to the ankle is unclear. We undertook an observational study to investigate the relationship between foot posture and the proximal joints in children. It was hypothesised that reduced arch height would be associated with proximal joint symptoms and altered gait kinematics and kinetics particularly in the transverse plane at the hip and knee. Ninety-five children between the ages of 8-15 were recruited into this ethically approved study. Foot posture was classified using the arch height index (…