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Outcome of Myeloma Patients with COVID-19 on Active Lenalidomide-Based Therapy: Does Lenalidomide Protect From Severe COVID-19?

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Iron Overload and Platelet Function Defects: Possible Correlation.

Acquired platelet function defect might be a consequence of iron overload. Even though there are various complications of iron overload, only few reports have indicated some correlations with platelets dysfunction. We report a child with Diamond-Blackfan anemia who has significant complications from iron overload due to chronic blood transfusion, and one of these complications is acquired platelet function defect that manifests with frequent episodes of epistaxis. Therefore, we emphasize the necessity for further studies to confirm direct correlation between iron overload as a causative agent

Multimodal imaging diagnosis of multiple myeloma with renal involvement: a case report.

BackgroundExtramedullary renal involvement secondary to multiple myeloma (MM) is extremely rare and prone to preoperative misdiagnosis. Its clinical and imaging manifestations have not been systematically summarized, leading to frequent preoperative misdiagnosis. To summarize the multimodal imaging characteristics and clinical diagnostic value of MM with renal involvement through a typical case report, so as to improve the understanding and early recognition rate of this disease.Case presentationA 67-year-old male patient with left lumbodorsal pain was examined by multimodal imaging. Ultrasoun

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… Intravascular Coagulation; POCUS, Point-of-care Ultrasound; IVC, Inferior Vena Cava; Hyper-CVAD, Hyperfractionated Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Adriamycin, Dexamethasone; CHOP, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisone; CTD, Cyclophosphamide, Thalidomide, and Dexamethasone; Dex, Dexamethasone … NR, Not Reported; MM, Multiple Myeloma; EMD, Extramedullary Disease; AKI, Acute Kidney Injury; RCC, Renal Cell Carcinoma; DIC, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; POCUS, Point-of-care Ultrasound; IVC, Inferior Vena Cava; Hyper-CVAD, Hyperfractionated Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, Adriamycin, Dexamethasone …

Chordoma combined with Trousseau syndrome: a case report and literature review.

BackgroundTrousseau syndrome (TS) refers to spontaneous, recurrent, and wandering arterial and venous thromboembolic events in patients with tumors. It results from abnormalities in coagulation and fibrinolytic mechanisms of varying degrees throughout the course of the disease. It has a high fatality rate, and it is commonly seen in patients with highly invasive tumors, such as lung, pancreatic, gastrointestinal, and breast cancers; however, to date, there has been no report of TS combined with chordoma.Case descriptionA 56-year-old male with a diagnosis of chordoma underwent surgery, immunoth

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… TS is characterized by venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis, and PE, chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) combined with non-bacterial infective thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE), and arterial thromboembolism (ATE) formation, of which VTE is the most common clinical …

The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) initiative on pre-eclampsia: A pragmatic guide for first-trimester screening and prevention.

Pre‐eclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder that typically affects 2%–5% of pregnant women and is one of the leading causes of maternal and … ent visual scotomata); or hematological complications (thrombocytopenia–platelet count <150 000/μL, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hemolysis); or 3.Uteroplacental dysfunction (such as fetal growth restriction, abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveform analysis, or stillbirth). It is well established that a number of maternal risk factors are associated with the development of …

The Molecular Aspect of Antitumor Effects of Protease Inhibitor Nafamostat Mesylate and Its Role in Potential Clinical Applications.

Nafamostat mesylate (NM), a synthetic serine protease inhibitor first placed on the market by Japan Tobacco in 1986, has been approved to treat inflammatory-related diseases, such as pancreatitis. Recently, an increasing number of studies have highlighted the promising effects of NM in inhibiting cancer progression. Alone or in combination treatments, studies have shown that NM attenuates various malignant tumors, including pancreatic, colorectal, gastric, gallbladder, and hepatocellular cancers. In this review, based on several activating pathways, including the canonical Nuclear factor-κB (N

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… NM is usually used to treat pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and systemic inflammatory response syndrome via suppression of thrombin, plasmin, kallikrein, trypsin, and Cl esterase in the complement system, as well as factors VIIa, Xa, and XIIa in the coagulation cascade ( 6 … Comparison of gabexate mesilate and nafamostat mesilate for disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with hematological malignancies. Int J Hematol. (2019) 109:141–6. 10.1007/s12185-018-02567-w 8. Ohtake Y, Hirasawa H, Sugai T, Oda S, Shiga H, Matsuda K, et al. …

Anticoagulation challenges in cancer patients: prevention, detection, and treatment strategies.

Cancer-associated thrombosis is one of the most common and serious complications in oncology patients, contributing significantly to morbidity and mortality. This prothrombotic state is driven by cancer-related factors, systemic inflammation, and treatment-induced endothelial injury. Anticoagulation management in these patients is challenging, as both thrombotic and bleeding risks must be carefully balanced, particularly in those with cardiovascular comorbidities. This review examines the complexities of anticoagulation in cancer-associated thrombosis through three clinical cases. Case 1 focus

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… CAR-T therapies (e.g., axicabtagene ciloleucel) | Increased risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic microangiopathy, and VTE Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (e.g., Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab) | Triggers immune-related adverse events (myocarditis, vasculitis, endothelial dysfunction); increases … Severe CRS can trigger a cascade of inflammatory mediators, leading to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), thrombotic microangiopathy, and elevated VTE risk [ 40 , 41 ]. …

Кассетная нефропатия в СИС: Раннее признание и экстракорпоральные стратегии улучшения результатов.

Острая почечная травма (АКИ), вызванная кастами, является частой, но недостаточно признанной причиной дисфункции почек в отделении интенсивной терапии. Она возникает, когда фильтрованные белки или пигменты - свободные световые цепи (ФЛК) в множестве миеломы, миоглобин в хабдомиолизе, билирубин в тяжелом холестазе или гемоглобин в внутриваскулярном гемолизе - возникают внутри почечных трубок, образуя обструктивные касты и вызывая окислительные и подстрекательские травмы. Раннее распознавание имеет важное значение, поскольку традиционные маркеры (кротинин, мочи) задерживаются. Формирующиеся биом

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… DIC: Disseminated intravascular coagulation; NSAIDs: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; TMP-SMX: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. …

Pediatric Sneddon syndrome presenting with early-onset liver fibrosis: a rare case report.

Sneddon syndrome (SS) is a rare neurocutaneous disorder consisting of livedo racemosa (LR) and cerebrovascular disease with an incidence of 4 per 1 000 000 annually. It may be idiopathic or associated with autoimmune or genetic factors, including deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2 (DADA2). We describe a 17-month-old girl with recurrent fevers, hepatosplenomegaly, LR, and progressive liver fibrosis. A pathogenic ADA2 mutation and LDLR mutation associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) were detected by genetic testing. Despite corticosteroids, etanercept, and immunosuppressants, she co

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… DIC, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation; TTP, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura; SLE, Systemic Lupus Erythematous Differential Diagnosis of Livedo Racemosa Hematological | Sneddon syndrome, cryoglobulinemia, cryofibrinogenemia, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, multiple myeloma, myeloproliferative …

The burden and predictors of venous thromboembolic diseases in patients with multiple primary malignancies.

BackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) represents a considerable burden on cancer patients' survival and quality of life, but this burden varies based on the patient's baseline characteristics and cancer-related factors. Although solid evidence on the predictors and effect of VTE in cancer patients exists.AimTo evaluate VTE rate, morbidity, and mortality to develop parameters that could predict VTEs and their associated mortality in patients with multiple primary malignancies (MPMs).Method and resultsThis was a retrospective cohort study that took place at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh,

Infections Caused by Acinetobacter baumannii in Recipients of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, non-fermentative coccobacillus, which is widely distributed in nature. Recently, it has emerged as a major cause of health care-associated infections (HCAIs) in addition to its capacity to cause community-acquired infections. Risk factors for A. baumannii infections and bacteremia in recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation include: severe underlying illness such as hematological malignancy, prolonged use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, invasive instrumentation such as central venous catheters or endotrach

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… Infections caused by A. baumannii can be complicated by: extensive soft tissue necrosis, bloodstream infections, septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), systemic or disseminated infection, multi-organ failure, and death ( 1 , 3 ). …

Type-B lactic acidosis associated with progressive multiple myeloma.

We report a 64-year-old lady with stage II, Immunoglobulin-G lambda multiple myeloma (MM) (standard risk), who presented with type-B lactic acidosis (LA), and multi-organ dysfunction associating myeloma progression, and ending in imminent death. In the context of literature review of all previously reported similar cases, this report highlights and discusses the association of type-B LA and MM (especially progressive disease), and also emphasizes the poor outcome. Early recognition of this condition with intensive supportive care, and treatment of multiple myeloma may improve outcomes.

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… She was given one cycle of lenalidomide and dexamethasone, and was then admitted to the hospital in June 2013 with fatigue, decreased urine output, and sleepiness as a case of acute kidney injury, hypernatremia, sub-clinical disseminated intravascular coagulation, and progression of MM. …

Physician Education: Myelodysplastic Syndrome.

CHARACTERISTICS AND PATHOLOGY OF MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNROME: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a disease of the blood whose etiology is unclear … essive cytopenia, the marrow is normal or hyperplastic, and there is no underlying disease (such as disseminated intravascular coagulation [DIC], portal hypertension, collagen disorder, etc.) that could otherwise cause these conditions (Table 1). MDS is most likely to occur in middle-aged and elderly patients, but because it can also occur in the young, age is not a determining factor …

Hijacking the helpers: platelet and neutrophil trafficking in AML and therapeutic exploitation.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant hematologic malignancies, driven by clonal expansion of immature myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and peripheral blood. Current therapies-chemotherapy and targeted agents-are limited by poor marrow penetration, systemic toxicity, and rapid development of resistant clones, leaving long-term survival rates low. Clinicians face the persistent challenge of delivering effective therapy while minimizing harm. Platelets and neutrophils-beyond their classical roles in hemostasis and innate immunity-actively suppor

Acute and Chronic Cardiovascular Adverse Events in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review.

Background/Objectives: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a higher propensity for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, primarily due to the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the association of acute myeloid leukemia treatment with adverse cardiovascular events. Methods: We systematically screened the literature for studies providing comparative data on cardiovascular toxicities in patients treated for acute myeloid leukemia. After the initial search, 3649 papers were screened and a final total number of 46 were included for t

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… For example, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a common complication of patients with AML and has around a 10–20% prevalence in this population. DIC is associated with cardiovascular complications and can lead to ACS, CAD and heart failure [ 15 ]. … Acute cardiovascular complications of disseminated intravascular coagulation in acute myeloid leukemia. Thromb. Res. 2024;239:109042. doi: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.109042. 16. Zhou X., Liu Y., Shen Y., Chen L., Hu W., Yan Y., Feng B., Xiang L., Zhu Y., Jiang C., et al. …

Supportive Care and Symptom Management for Patients With Immunoglobulin Light Chain (AL) Amyloidosis.

Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a disorder of clonal plasma cells characterized by deposition of amyloid fibrils in a variety of tissues, leading to end-organ injury. Renal or cardiac involvement is most common, though any organ outside the central nervous system can develop amyloid deposition, and symptomatic presentations may consequently vary. The variability and subtlety of initial clinical presentations may contribute to delayed diagnoses, and organ involvement is often quite advanced and symptomatic by the time a diagnosis is established. Additionally, while organ function

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… Complications include disseminated intravascular coagulation (0-5%), pulmonary edema (0-5%), and pulmonary embolus (0-5%) ( 78 ). …

Reversible Acute Kidney Injury Due to Suspected Paraneoplastic Glomerulopathy in Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor: A Case Report.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with malignancies is typically caused by urinary obstruction, tumor infiltration, or metabolic derangements. However, paraneoplastic glomerulopathy remains an uncommon and under-recognized etiology of AKI, particularly in gynecologic malignancies. We describe the case of a 21-year-old woman who presented with abdominal distension and a large pelvic mass. Imaging and laboratory data suggested an International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIIC malignant ovarian germ cell tumor. Renal dysfunction was evident on admission and did not respond t

Infarcts and ischemia in the abdomen: an imaging perspective with an emphasis on cross-sectional imaging findings.

Infarcts and ischemia of abdominal organs may present with acute abdominal pain, and early diagnosis is crucial to prevent morbidity and mortality. Unfortunately, some of these patients present in poor clinical conditions to the emergency department, and imaging specialists are crucial for optimal outcomes. Although the radiological diagnosis of abdominal infarcts is often straightforward, it is vital to use the appropriate imaging modalities and correct imaging techniques for their detection. Additionally, some non-infarct-related abdominal pathologies may mimic infarcts, cause diagnostic con

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… Fig. 18 A 25-year-old female patient developed disseminated intravascular coagulation and multi-organ failure secondary to the amniotic fluid embolism after a complicated C/S. … Arterial infarcts, however, may be seen due to extensive microarteriolar thrombi in certain patients, such as in cases with disseminated intravascular coagulation, DIC [ 57 ]. …

Endothelial cell function and endothelial-related disorders following haematopoietic cell transplantation.

Use of haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in the treatment of haematologic and neoplastic diseases may lead to life-threatening complications that cause substantial morbidity and mortality if untreated. In addition to patient- and disease-related factors, toxicity associated with HCT puts patients at risk for complications that share a similar pathophysiology involving endothelial cells (ECs). Normally, the endothelium plays a role in maintaining homeostasis, including regulation of coagulation, vascular tone, permeability and inflammatory processes. When activated, ECs acquire cellular

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… Endothelial dysfunction is associated with mortality and severity of coagulopathy in patients with sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2019;25:1076029619852163. 38. Eissner G, Multhoff G, Gerbitz A, Kirchner S, Bauer S, Haffner S, et al. …

Management of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: current perspectives.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is increasingly observed after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), with a reported incidence between 4% and 6%. The disease is generally severe and refractory to standard therapy, with high mortality, and there are neither defined therapies, nor prospective clinical trials addressing the best treatment. Most of the knowledge on the therapy of AIHAs derives from primary forms, which are highly heterogeneous as well, further complicating the management of post-allo-HSCT forms. The review addresses the risk factors associated with pos

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… Abbreviations: DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; AIHA, autoimmune hemolytic anemia. … Abbreviations: DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; AIHA, autoimmune hemolytic anemia. …