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Diminished hyperaemic response of the hepatic artery to portal venous occlusion (the buffer response) in Asian hybrid minipigs: a comparison of the response to that observed in dogs.

The hyperaemic response of the hepatic artery to portal vein occlusion (the buffer response) and the action of exogenous adenosine upon hepatic artery blood flow was studied in Asian hybrid minipigs as a potential alternative experimental model to that previously developed in dogs. Adenosine produced a dose-dependent hepatic artery vasodilatation, but of lesser extent than that observed in dogs. A greatly diminished buffer response was observed in the pigs compared to that seen in dogs, and could not be replicated consistently. The adenosine uptake inhibitor dipyridamole did not potentiate res…

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of RCTs Assessing Efficacy of Lifestyle Interventions on Glycemic Control in South Asian Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The rising prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), coupled with sedentary behavior and an increase in obesity rates in South Asian countries, calls for effective management strategies. We aimed to assess the efficacy of lifestyle interventions on glycemic control among adults with T2DM in South Asian countries. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were conducted to assess the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions on glycemic control in adults diagnosed with T2DM in South Asia. We conducted a comprehensive search …

Comparative efficacy and safety of IL-17 and IL-23 inhibitors for moderate-to-severe psoriasis in Asian populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder affecting a significant portion of the global population. Biologics targeting the IL-17 and IL-23 pathways are effective in treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis; however, most clinical trials have been conducted in Western populations, leaving limited data on their efficacy and safety in Asian populations. Ethnic differences due to genetic and environmental factors can influence treatment responses. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of IL-17/23 inhibitors in Asian patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis. METHO…

Effect of Social Support on Psychological Well-Being Among Older Adults in Low- and Middle-Income Countries of the Asian Region: A Systematic Review.

ObjectiveTo summarize and compare the literature on social support and its effect on psychological well-being among older adults in low- and middle-income countries of the Asian region.DesignA Systematic review. The review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews with identification number CRD42022334415.Data SourcesRetrieved data from PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO, Scopus, and Cochrane Centre Register of Controlled Trials databases. The literature review was conducted from 2018 to 2024.Review MethodsThe review complies with the Joanna Briggs Institute …

Бремя малярии и денге по всему миру, азиатскому и китайскому населению на основе данных ГБД 2021 года: количественная оценка рисков импорта в Китай.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Малярия и денге по-прежнему создают серьезные проблемы в области здравоохранения в Азии с различными временными тенденциями и региональным распределением. Однако сравнительные и долгосрочные оценки их бремени болезней и будущих траекторий остаются ограниченными. МЕТОДЫ: На основе данных исследования " Глобальное бремя болезней 2021 года " мы подсчитали стандартизированные по возрасту показатели заболеваемости (АСИR), лет жизни с поправкой на инвалидность (DALYs-ASR) и расчетные годовые процентные изменения (EAPC) для населения мира, Азии и Китая в разбивке по в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Malaria and dengue continue to pose significant public health challenges in Asia, with differing temporal trends and regional di … bility-adjusted life years (DALYs-ASR), and estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) for global, Asian, and Chinese populations by age, sex, and socio-demographic index (SDI). Correlations with SDI and population density were analyzed, and an importation risk index for China was developed. Future trends to 2030 were projected using Bayesian age-perio …

Understanding interpretations of credibility, health literacy and health information seeking in Black and South Asian ethnic communities in the United Kingdom: A qualitative study.

Health literacy is essential for making informed healthcare decisions, yet ethnic minority communities often face disparities due to limited access to culturally relevant information. This qualitative study explores how South Asian and Black communities in the United Kingdom (UK) assess health information credibility, examining cultural influences and expectations. Sixty-eight participants (42 South Asian, 26 Black) were recruited using purposive sampling; data collection involved semi-structured interviews (n = 30) and community observations (n = 38). Findings revealed that cultural expectati…

Pathogenic germline variants in cancer predisposition genes in patients with multiple primary cancers in an Asian population and the role of extended panel genetic testing.

BACKGROUND: Multiple primary cancers (MPC) are an indicator of potential hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome. There remains insufficient data on genetic testing outcomes and the optimal testing panel for MPC. We evaluated the prevalence of MPC, the spectrum of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs) and the role of extended panel testing in MPC. METHODS: Cancer patients seen in a cancer genetics clinic in a tertiary cancer centre in Singapore from 2000 to 2023 were included. Clinical characteristics, PGV and patterns of cancer were analysed. Most patients were tested with 49 genes, but in a

Cross-sectional study of lipoprotein(a) and the severity of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease in a group of South Asian patients.

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD), including coronary artery disease (CAD), cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and peripheral vascular disease (PVD), remain the leading cause of death globally. South Asians exhibit a higher incidence of cardiovascular diseases than other ethnicities, attributed to a range of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] with a unique apolipoprotein(a) component, has emerged as a marker of atherosclerosis and ASCVD risk, with evidence to promote arterial plaque formation and thrombogenesis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of th…

Effect of Incident Stroke on Dementia Risk Over 10 Years in a Cohort of Asian American and Non-Latino White Older Adults in California.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Limited evidence exists on stroke incidence and its impact on dementia risk in Asian American older adults, a population with lower dementia risk than other racial and ethnic groups. We aimed to estimate the cumulative incidence of stroke and assess its effect on dementia risk over 10 years among Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, South Asian, and non-Latino White older adults in Northern California. METHODS: This cohort study included Kaiser Permanente Northern California members who participated in surveys between 2002 and 2009 with linked electronic health record data …

The predictive value of the orientation and offset of angle α and angle κ for visual outcomes after trifocal intraocular lens implantation in an Asian cohort.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the predictive value of the preoperative orientation and offset of angle alpha(chord alpha) and angle kappa(chord mu) for visual outcomes in patients who underwent trifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS: Patient records of eyes that underwent AT LISA tri 839MP implantation were retrospectively collected and grouped according to the preoperative offset and orientations of chord alpha and chord mu. The two-dimensional location of each angle was described by the interaction of the orientation and offset. Multiple regression models and likelihood ratio tests we

South Asians and cardiometabolic health: A framework for comprehensive care for the individual, community, and population - An American society for preventive cardiology clinical practice statement.

South Asians (SAs) represent an increasing proportion of North American populations and demonstrate excess cardiometabolic risk. Multiple factors likely contribute; however, much is not yet known about what leads to this excess risk. Diet composition, physical activity, and mental health are important lifestyle contributors. Specific adverse pregnancy outcomes are higher in SA women and represent an early opportunity for intervention. More broadly, comprehensive assessments of adiposity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary atherosclerosis via imaging, and genetic risk may improve de…

Are the 2009 Institute of Medicine gestational weight gain recommendations applicable in a contemporary South-East Asian pregnancy cohort? Results of a prospective analysis.

Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) modulates pregnancy outcomes and long-term offspring metabolic health. The 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) GWG recommendations have largely been validated in Caucasian and mono-ethnic East Asian cohorts. Asians are at higher metabolic risk at a lower body mass index (BMI), and this has prompted the World Health Organization (WHO) to identify lower BMI cut-offs for risk evaluation amongst Asians. This prospective observational cohort study aimed to determine if 2009 IOM GWG thresholds are applicable in a contemporary multi-ethnic South-East Asian cohort. We recrui…

Comparative study on the transport and deposition of dust mite fecal particles in the upper airway of Asian children with adenoid hypertrophy before and after surgery.

Adenoidectomy is a routine treatment for adenoid hypertrophy (AH), but its effect on allergen deposition in the upper airways remains unclear. In this study, anatomically realistic upper airway models of eight Asian children with AH and their post-operative counterparts were reconstructed. Based on experimentally validated models, the transport trajectories of dust mite fecal particles were simulated and tracked using a computational fluid dynamics-discrete phase model (CFD-DPM). The results demonstrated that as particle diameter increased, the nasal septum and vestibule gradually became major…

Blood Pressure Genetics in Han Taiwanese With Cross-Trait Analysis in East Asians: Insights Into Comorbidities, All-Cause Mortality, and Cardiovascular Mortality.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major health burden in East Asia. However, the genetic architecture and clinical implications of blood pressur … stolic BP and 66 152 for diastolic BP. Cross-trait genetic correlations were assessed across 5 East Asian biobanks. Mendelian randomization and polygenic risk scores were applied to assess causality and predict clinical outcomes. RESULTS: We identified 8 loci and 36 genes for hypertension, 7 loci and 17 genes for systolic BP, and 9 loci and 26 genes fo …

HARMONISATION - A multimodal prospective study of vascular cognitive impairment in multi-ethnic Asians: Cohort profile, progress, current contributions, and future impact.

Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) describes cerebrovascular disease (CeVD)-associated cognitive disorders regardless of pathogenesis, rang … dings from the HARMONISATION study, a prospective observational study of VCI and AD in multi-ethnic Asians. HARMONISATION aimed to discover and validate novel biomarkers as effective diagnostic and prognostic tools, and translate findings into improved patient care, disease management and treatment-utilizing comprehensive multimodal clinical, neuroimagi …

Hepatitis B Prevalence and Risk Factors in Foreign-Born Asians and Pacific Islanders at a Federally Qualified Health Center in Hawai'i, 2015-2020.

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection in foreign-born Asians and Pacific Islanders at Kalihi-Palama Health Center in Honolulu, Hawai'i, and to assess the association between both chronic and resolved hepatitis B infection and risk factors such as household exposure to hepatitis B virus and geographic location of birthplace. The study involved cross-sectional data from 997 participants who accessed medical services at Kalihi-Palama Health Center between September 2015 and July 2020. The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B was 10.7%. On multiva…

Radical resection and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of high risk recurrent retroperitoneal sarcoma-A pilot study in a tertiary Asian centre.

BACKGROUND: Peritoneal sarcomatosis (PS) is a difficult entity to treat with limited options and guarded prognosis. We aimed to determine if the addition of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) could offer superior local recurrence-free survival in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma at high risk of developing PS as opposed to extended resection alone. METHODS: This is a single arm, phase II intervention study where all patients with recurrent localized retroperitoneal sarcoma considered at high risk of developing PS were considered for enrolment (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:

Ethnic Disparities in Lipid Metabolism and Clinical Outcomes between Dutch South Asians and Dutch White Caucasians with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses a higher risk for complications in South Asian individuals compared to other ethnic groups. To shed light on potential mediating factors, we investigated lipidomic changes in plasma of Dutch South Asians (DSA) and Dutch white Caucasians (DwC) with and without T2DM and explore their associations with clinical features. Using a targeted quantitative lipidomics platform, monitoring over 1000 lipids across 17 classes, along with 1H NMR based lipoprotein analysis, we studied 51 healthy participants (21 DSA, 30 DwC) and 92 T2DM patients (47 DSA, 45 DwC) from the…

The Relationship between Intersectional Discrimination and Mental Health Outcomes among LGBTQ+ Asians in New York City: An Exploratory, Mixed-Methods Study.

LGBTQ+ Asians are an under-researched population and face higher risk for mental health problems than heterosexual individuals due to intersectional discrimination and minority stress. This exploratory, mixed-methods study sought to understand associations between minority stress, intersectional discrimination, and mental health outcomes among LGBTQ+ Asians. Between 2022 and 2023, convenience sampling was used to survey 136 LGBTQ+ Asian residents of New York City. Controlling for demographics, logistic regression was used to compare the proportion of individuals with clinically-significant sym…