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Oral Mucositis Induced By Anticancer Therapies.

Oral mucositis induced by conventional cytotoxic cancer therapies is a common and significant clinical problem in oncology. Mucositis symptoms, which include severe pain, may lead to dose reductions and unplanned interruptions of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, and often affect patients' quality of life. In addition, ulcerative mucositis represents a risk factor for local or systemic infectious complications that may be life-threatening in immunosuppressed patients. The development of biologically based targeted cancer therapies, which aim to block the growth, spread, and survival of tumors

Demographic, epidemiological, and health transitions: are they relevant to population health patterns in Africa?

BackgroundStudies of trends in population changes and epidemiological profiles in the developing world have overwhelmingly relied upon the concepts of demographic, epidemiological, and health transitions, even though their usefulness in describing and understanding population and health trends in developing countries has been repeatedly called into question. The issue is particularly relevant for the study of population health patterns in Africa and sub-Saharan Africa, as the history and experience there differs substantially from that of Western Europe and North America, for which these conce

Impact of Vitamin D Supplementation on Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting a large number of people every year. The exact causal factor for this disease is unclear, but it commonly affects middle-aged women, with known triggers like stress, childbirth, infections, poor diet, lack of sleep, etc. Many epidemiological studies have indicated that various genetic abnormalities are also critical drivers of the onset of MS. The major risk factors of MS identified include hypovitaminosis D while environmental protective factors include allele HLA DRB1 1501, obesity, Epstein-Barr virus infection, sexual hormones, and

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of Jaws (MRONJ) Prevention and Diagnosis: Italian Consensus Update 2020.

The Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of Jaws (MRONJ) diagnosis process and its prevention play a role of great and rising importance, not only on the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients, but also on the decision-making process by the majority of dentists and oral surgeons involved in MRONJ prevention (primary and secondary). The present paper reports the update of the conclusions from the Consensus Conference-held at the Symposium of the Italian Society of Oral Pathology and Medicine (SIPMO) (20 October 2018, Ancona, Italy)-after the newest recommendations (2020) on MRONJ were published by two s

Уровень рабочей способности определяет конкретный профиль обесценения комплексного основного набора МКФ для множественных склерозов.

Множественный склероз (МС) неблагоприятно влияет на трудоспособность. Комплекс комплексных международных классификаций функционирования, инвалидности и охраны здоровья для НР (КМГС-МС), опубликованный Всемирной организацией здравоохранения, еще не был расширен для оценки уровня работоспособности (ВКК). Оценить относительную значимость категорий CICF-MS в сравнении с WCL. Лица, имеющие MS (PwMS), N = 129, которые были направлены в Литовское управление по оценке инвалидности и рабочей способности для определения WCL, были разделены на три группы в зависимости от процентной доли оставшегося WCL (

Parasites' immunomodulators: a breakthrough in immunotherapeutics displaying antineoplastic activity against human colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

The complex interplay between parasites and cancer is yielding promising advances in the field of cancer therapeutics. This study explored the in vitro anti-cancer potential of parasite immunomodulators (antigens and antibodies) of Schistosoma mansoni, Trichinella spiralis, and Toxoplasma gondii on human HT-29 colorectal and HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells using the MTT assay. Results revealed that those parasites' immunomodulators exhibited antineoplastic activity and demonstrated a statistically significant inhibition of both cancer cell lines' proliferation (P ˂0.05). Notably, Trichine

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… Yazdanbakhsh M Matricardi PM Parasites and the hygiene hypothesis: regulating the immune system? Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2004 26 15 23 10.1385/CRIAI:26:1:15 14755072 Yazdanbakhsh M, Matricardi PM. Parasites and the hygiene hypothesis: regulating the immune system? …

Protective Buffering and Individual and Relational Adjustment Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Dyadic Daily-Diary Study.

BackgroundSupportive communication (e.g., protective buffering, PB) may impact individual and relational adjustment in patients following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and their caregivers. Previous studies revealed that PB (i.e., hiding one's concerns and denying one's worries) has mixed effects, namely it is beneficial, costly or unrelated to dyadic adjustment. This study aimed to verify these findings by addressing some unresolved issues, i.e., examining (1) both individual and relational as well as both positive and negative indicators of adjustment, (2) the effect of with

Bone Research Society 2021 Abstracts

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The influence of caregiver type on isolation distress and care satisfaction in hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients: the mediating role of relationships.

BACKGROUND: Protective isolation is essential for preventing infection in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, it is associated with significant psychosocial morbidity. Understanding the factors influencing isolation perception and its impact on care satisfaction is crucial, particularly in resource-limited settings. METHODS: This cross-sectional observational study enrolled 47 adults who underwent autologous or allogeneic HSCT at a tertiary care center in India. Perceptions of isolation and satisfaction with care were measured using validated ISOLA and

Keyword Index for Volume 108

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Decision Fatigue and Associated Factors Among Patients with Hematologic Malignancies: Implications for Patient-Centered Decision Support.

BACKGROUND: Patients with hematologic malignancies frequently face complex, repeated treatment decisions that may increase decision fatigue (DF) risk. However, evidence on DF and its correlates in this population remains scarce. This study aimed to investigate the level of DF and identify associated factors among patients with hematologic malignancies. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 322 patients receiving treatment at a tertiary hospital in Anhui, China, between October 2024 and May 2025. Participants completed validated scales assessing DF, decision preparation, decision

Pathogenesis of Oral Toxicities Associated with Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy.

Targeted therapy and immunotherapy have redefined cancer treatment. While they have enhanced tumor response and improved survival rates in many cancer types, toxicities continue to occur, and these often involve the oral cavity. Broadly reported as "mucositis" or "stomatitis," oral toxicities induced by targeted therapies differ clinically and mechanistically from those associated with conventional chemotherapy. Manifesting primarily as mucosal lesions, salivary gland hypofunction, or orofacial neuropathies, these oral toxicities may nonetheless lead to significant morbidity and impact patient

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare condition, typically seen in patients receiving antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drugs. This study aims to synthesize reports and case series of MRONJ regarding sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments applied. Following PRISMA guidelines, a search for case reports and case series was carried out in the PubMed-Medline database until March 2024. A total of 88 articles were included in this review, in a total of 151 cases. The key findings reveal that females were the most affec

Drug-Induced Periocular and Ocular Surface Disorders: An EAACI Position Paper.

Various systemic and topical medications can induce ocular and periocular cutaneous adverse effects (AEs), ranging from mild to severe. These AEs may lead to ocular surface (OS) damage and, in some cases, life-threatening complications. Drug-induced ocular adverse reactions are generally classified into two primary categories: toxic reactions and/or allergic hypersensitivity reactions, which can be IgE or non-IgE-mediated. Systemic antibiotics, antivirals, and anticonvulsants can trigger adverse reactions that may involve the OS. Drugs like antihistamines, beta-blockers, antipsychotics, antide

Parasites revive hope for cancer therapy.

Parasites have attained a life-long stigma of being detrimental organisms with deleterious outcomes. Yet, recently, a creditable twist was verified that can dramatically change our perception of those parasites from being a source of misery to millions of people to a useful anti-cancerous tool. Various parasites have shown promise to combat cancer in different experimental models, including colorectal, lung, and breast cancers, among others. Helminths and protozoan parasites, as well as their derivatives such as Echinococcus granulosus protein KI-1, Toxoplasma gondii GRA15II, and Trypanosoma c

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… Recently, pathogens and their products have been included within the framework of cancer immunotherapy by referring to the hygiene hypothesis [ 8 ]. … This theory has been re-evaluated and stated cancer as another outcome of the hygiene hypothesis, explaining the relevant use of pathogens and their products to fight cancer. Therefore, pathogens and their products have been included within the framework of cancer immunotherapy [ 10 ]. …

Managing patients with multiple myeloma during the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations from an expert panel - ABHH monoclonal gammopathies committe.

Since the World has been facing the COVID-19 pandemic, special attention has been taken concerning cancer patients; related to their immunosuppression status, adding risk for more aggressive COVID-19 and mortality, but also concerns about the access and the quality of care in cancer therapy. The COVID-19 pandemic impacts the number of infected, its related mortality, as well as the care of cancer patients. Multiple myeloma patients are a particular group with several important aspects to be considered during pandemic times. In essence, they are immunosuppressed in different intensities during

Chimeric Antigen Receptors Based on Low Affinity Mutants of FcεRI Re-direct T Cell Specificity to Cells Expressing Membrane IgE.

IgE is the key mediator of allergic responses. Omalizumab, an IgE-specific monoclonal antibody that depletes IgE, is effective for treating severe allergic asthma. The need for frequent administration of the expensive drug, however, limits its applications. Taking advantage of T cell memory, adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) targeting IgE-producing cells has the potential to achieve long-term suppression of IgE and relief of symptoms for severe allergic diseases. The transmembrane form of IgE (mIgE), which is present on all IgE-producing cells, serves as an excellent molecular target for ACT that

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… The immunology of the allergy epidemic and the hygiene hypothesis . Nat Immunol. ( 2017 ) 18 : 1076 – 83 . 10.1038/ni.3829 28926539 2. MacGlashan DW Jr Bochner BS Adelman DC Jardieu PM Togias A McKenzie-White J . …

Effect of leaving chronic oral foci untreated on infectious complications during intensive chemotherapy.

BackgroundLeukaemic patients receiving intensive chemotherapy and patients undergoing autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) are routinely screened for oral foci of infection to reduce infectious complications that could occur during therapy. In this prospective study we assessed the effect of leaving chronic oral foci of infection untreated on the development of infectious complications in intensively treated haematological patients.MethodsWe included and prospectively evaluated all intensively treated leukaemic patients and patients undergoing ASCT who were referred to our medical centr

Update on Occupational Cancer for Better Cancer Prevention and Control.

Occupational cancer remains an ongoing and emerging issue in cancer prevention and control and is more easily preventable in practice than other causes. As of 2024, changes in various aspects, such as methods for estimating the burden of cancer, evidence on novel carcinogens and classification systems, modernization of working conditions, job characteristics, occupational exposure, and societal changes have played a significant role. Furthermore, advances in technology, including wearable devices, exposome, and biomedical technology, offer more precise methods for identifying the associations

The mediating role of health anxiety, resilience, and body image in the relationship between pain and sleep in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients.

IntroductionBio-psychological factors may affect the relationship between pain and sleep, but they are understudied in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients. This study investigated the mediating role of health anxiety, resilience, and body image in the relationship between pain and sleep in HSCT patients.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 210 HSCT patients from Motahari clinic, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were recruited using convenience sampling. Demographic and clinical characteristics, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Numeric Rating Scale of Pain, Health Anxie