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Transoral Endoscopic-Assisted Adenoidectomy: A Prospective Study.

INTRODUCTION: Adenoidectomy, with or without tonsillectomy, is a common pediatric surgical procedure. It has been noted that blind curettage has many drawbacks. First of all, it cannot completely remove the adenoid tissue from the posterior choana or the margins of the Eustachian tube orifices, which leads to incomplete removal. Secondly, applying curettage blindly may damage the Eustachian tube opening. OBJECTIVE: To illustrate our surgical technique for a successful and safe adenoidectomy using a transoral 70° endoscope. METHODS: The present was a prospective study carried out from Decembe

Thyroid Function with Continuous KRT: A Prospective Study.

KEY POINTS: We identify a novel consequence of continuous KRT: clearance of thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyroid hormone. Severe non-thyroidal illness syndrome occurs in most of the continuous KRT patients and is persistent during continuous KRT. Notably, no patient achieved euthyroid status during continuous KRT therapy. BACKGROUND: AKI and ESKD requiring continuous KRT (CKRT) are associated with a high mortality rate. Solutes up to 40 kDa in size are amenable to CKRT clearance which includes thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; 28 kDa), free thyroxine (fT4; 0.78 kDa), and free triiodothyron

Is hypercalcaemia immediately life-threatening? A prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: Hypercalcaemia is often considered as an emergency because of a potential risk of life-threatening arrhythmias or coma. However, there is little evidence, apart from case studies, that hypercalcaemia can be immediately life-threatening. The aim of our study was to prospectively assess whether hypercalcaemia (Ca ≥ 3 mmol/L) was associated with immediately life-threatening complications. DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective observational study aiming to include the first one hundred patients aged ≥18 who had a calcium concentration ≥3 mmol/L, admitted to the emergency depar

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… This underscores the importance of clear-cut guidelines based on prospective studies rather than case reports. Limitations Our study was non-interventional, which can introduce several well-known types of bias and notably confounding bias. …

A prospective study of male physical activity and fecundability.

STUDY QUESTION: To what extent is male physical activity (PA) associated with fecundability (per-cycle probability of conception)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Preconception levels of vigorous, moderate, or total PA were not consistently associated with fecundability across Danish and North American cohorts, but there was suggestive evidence that bicycling with a 'soft, comfort seat' was associated with reduced fecundability in both cohorts, especially among males with greater BMI. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Among males, some studies indicate that moderate PA might improve fertility, whereas vigorous PA, esp

Insight into Covid Associated Mucormycosis: A Prospective Study.

INTRODUCTION: The notable increase in cases of rhino-orbito-cerebral Mucormycosis during the COVID pandemic is alarming. Both share a common route of entry, the nasal mucosa, leading to speculation about whether similar receptors play a role in both diseases. We aim to compare the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the nasal and paranasal sinus tissues among patients with COVID-19-associated Mucormycosis (CAM), COVID-19-negative mucormycosis (CNM), and healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study included patients with CAM, CNM, and healthy individuals who underwent surgi

Lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis, a prospective study.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of lung involvement in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains elusive. Therefore, we set up a multicentric prospective study to investigate the presence of interstitial lung disease (ILD), emphysema, bronchiolitis and nodules in early RA. METHODS: We recruited patients with RA and a disease duration from 1 to 10 years to screening. Patients underwent comprehensive respiratory evaluation consisting of an environmental questionnaire, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and sampling for genetic analysis of common variants associated w

Gonadal Dysfunction in Wolfram Syndrome: A Prospective Study.

Background: Wolfram syndrome (WFS), also known as DIDMOAD, is a rare monogenic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by four key components: non-autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM), optic atrophy, sensorineural hearing loss, and diabetes insipidus. Although it significantly affects quality of life, gonadal dysfunction, particularly hypogonadism, remains underrecognized. Methods: In total, 45 patients (25 men, 20 women) with genetically confirmed WFS from a single tertiary-care center were prospectively followed to assess gonadal function. Men underwent hormonal evaluations,

[Problems and Prospects of Molecular Psychogenetics in the Study of Transsexsualism].

The etiology of transsexualism (TS) remains unknown today because the disease is multifactorial and is caused by a set of factors, including those affecting sexual differentiation of brain tissue during fetal development. Sexual differentiation of the brain has been shown to occur at a much later developmental stage than sexual differentiation of the genitals, and the two processes are regulated independently of each other. Various sexual characteristics, such as gender identity (self-identification of oneself as male or female) and sexual orientation (heterosexuality, homosexuality, or bisexu

Prognostic Impact of Microbiome Dysbiosis: A Prospective Study.

AIMS: To determine the relationship between microbiome dysbiosis indices and biofilm immunogenicity and their prognostic implications on periodontal treatment response. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty periodontally healthy controls and 30 periodontitis cases (stage III) were recruited. Cases received non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT), and their treatment response at 6 months was evaluated using a treat-to-target endpoint (≤ 4 sites with probing depths ≥ 5 mm). Pooled subgingival biofilm samples were obtained from controls and cases. The V3-4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene was s

Prospective Study of Sleep Talking and Risk of Stroke.

BACKGROUND: The potential clinical implication of sleep talking in relation to stroke has not been explored to date. This study aimed to prospectively examine the association between sleep talking and the risk of developing stroke in a community-based cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS: Included were 8001 participants (mean age, 54 years) of the Kailuan Study, China. Sleep talking was measured by a questionnaire in 2012. Cases of incident stroke were confirmed by review of medical records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to explore the association between sleep talking and stroke, adjustin

Prospective Study of Canaloplasty and Trabeculotomy Performed by Trainees.

PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of new adopters of the OMNI® Surgical System (Sight Sciences, Inc.) by prospectively evaluating intermediate-term outcomes of patients operated by trainees. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study of surgeries performed by trainees on patients with open angle glaucoma undergoing simultaneous cataract surgery and ab interno canaloplasty and trabeculotomy using the OMNI Surgical System. Pre-operative intraocular pressure (IOP) and number of glaucoma medications were recorded. Only patients with a minimum of 6-month follow up were included. Baseline IOP w

Prospective study of bipolar disorder and neurodegenerative diseases.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is linked to an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Parkinson disease (PD), yet several uncertainties still remain and the extent to which the associations could be explained by BD-related medications (antipsychotics, lithium, and antiepileptics) was unknown. This study included 501,233 UK Biobank participants (mean [standard deviation] age, 56.5 [8.10] years; 54.4% women), free of dementia and PD at baseline. After a median 13.8 year follow-up, 9422 cases of dementia and 3457 PD cases were identified. Participants with BD had a significantly

A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study of Antibiotics for OnabotulinumtoxinA.

IMPORTANCE: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common complication of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA (BTX-A) injection. Despite this, there are no evidence-based guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis. OBJECTIVES: Our primary aim was to determine whether antibiotic prophylaxis decreased symptomatic, culture-proven UTI rates within 6 weeks of intradetrusor BTX-A injection. Our secondary aims were to determine if there are differences between antibiotic regimens and to identify risk factors for developing a UTI. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, observational multicenter cohort stud

Limits in the Perception of Facial Symmetry-A Prospective Study.

Objectives: It is generally accepted that the symmetry of the face plays a significant role in the visual perception of its attractiveness. Therefore, its objective assessment could be useful for individual therapy planning. However, there is an ongoing debate about whether completely symmetrical faces are less attractive than those with minor deviations. The aim of this study is to find thresholds of symmetry perception among faces with an increased spectrum of asymmetry values. Methods: The faces of 50 persons (25 men, 25 women) were digitized using a 3D scanner based on the fringe projectio

Acute Kidney Injury in Pregnancy: A Prospective Study.

INTRODUCTION: When acute kidney damage occurs during pregnancy, it poses a difficult clinical problem. One of the main causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and death is pregnancy-related acute kidney injury (AKI), a significant obstetric complication characterized by a fast deterioration in renal function and several subsequent clinical problems. The objective of the study is to analyze the etiological factors, clinical manifestations, and maternal and fetal outcomes of AKI during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective observational research involved patients hospitalized in the

Developing a Prospective Gestational Lyme Disease Study.

Lyme disease in pregnancy is understudied. The few available reports of Borrelia infection during pregnancy collecting clinical outcomes, with or without confirmed fetal infection both in utero and neonatal, are limited to case reports and small series. Population-based studies are not available. We propose a prospective study of Borrelia infection during pregnancy based in obstetrical practices in both endemic and nonendemic areas, with long term follow-up of pregnancy outcomes and development assessment of offspring infected or exposed to Borrelia in utero using current serological, microsco

Tiotropium in Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Prospective Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: There are limited studies on the use of bronchodilators for the treatment of bronchiectasis. This study investigated the efficacy of tiotropium in patients with bronchiectasis and airflow limitation. METHODS: This study was a prospective cohort study, including 169 patients with bronchiectasis and airflow limitation from 2015 to 2019. The clinical outcomes observed in our study were the effect of tiotropium on the frequency of moderate exacerbations, the time to the first severe exacerbation, and the annual decline in FEV1. RESULTS: After 12 months, the annual decline in the FEV1 af

Survival in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Prospective Study.

Introduction: The differences in the survival time of cirrhotic patients reported by different studies are probably caused by the influence of many contributing factors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the survival over a one-year period, to register the occurrence of acute decompensation (AD) and to determine the most frequent causes of death. Material and methods: Out of 71 patients enrolled in the study, 63 completed the prospective one-year follow-up. During the follow-up, we evaluated the occurrence of AD, the causes of death, and we registered three-month, six-month and one-year sur

A prospective cohort study of infertility and cancer incidence.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between infertility and the incidence of invasive cancer. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study (1989-2015). SETTING: Not applicable. PATIENT(S): A total of 103,080 women aged 25-42 years in the Nurses' Health Study II who were cancer-free at baseline (1989). INTERVENTION(S): The infertility status (failure to conceive after 1 year of regular, unprotected sex) and causes of infertility were self-reported at baseline and biennial follow-up questionnaires. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Cancer diagnosis was confirmed through medical record review and classifie

Perioperative hypersensitivity in children: A prospective multidisciplinary study.

BACKGROUND: There are few studies of perioperative hypersensitivity reactions in children. The diagnosis of perioperative hypersensitivity reactions may be under estimated because it is difficult to recognize the reactions. Anaphylaxis may go unnoticed because of patient unconsciousness. Urticaria may be missed due to sterile drapes. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate perioperative hypersensitivity reactions. METHODS: In this prospective study, patients with suspected perioperative hypersensitivity reactions aged 0-18 years who underwent surgery at the Department of Pediatric