Результаты поиска

Two models of multiple sclerosis: experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) and Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection. A pathological and immunological comparison.

Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) infection and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) are considered among the best mo … nd the ability of mice to remyelinate their lesions. The most severe lesions are in SJL/J mice, and remyelination in this strain is extremely poor. The least severe lesions in terms of macrophage invasion are in strains such as NZW and RIIIS/J, and these are able to remyelinate lesions very successfully. Murine chronic relapsing EAE (CR-EAE) shows pathological …

Prolonged myelin deficits contribute to neuron loss and functional impairments after ischaemic stroke.

Ischaemic stroke causes neuron loss and long-term functional deficits. Unfortunately, effective approaches to preserving neurons and promoti … n aged brains, and new myelin generation was diminished. To analyse the causal relationship between remyelination and neuron survival, we manipulated myelinogenesis by conditional deletion of Olig2 (a positive regulator) or muscarinic receptor 1 (M1R, a negative regulator) in OPCs. Deleting Olig2 inhibited remyelination, reducing neuron survival and functional …

Voxel-wise magnetization transfer imaging study of effects of natalizumab and IFNβ-1a in multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of intravenous natalizumab and intramuscular interferon beta-1a (IFNβ-1a) on the volume of white-matter (WM) lesions and normal appearing brain tissue (NABT) undergoing voxel-wise (VW) increases in magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) suggestive of remyelination in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. METHODS: This prospective, open-label, single-blinded study enrolled patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and relapsing secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (RSPMS) as well as a group of age/sex-matched healthy controls (n=22). …

Bazedoxifene restores myelin changes and attenuates cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

BackgroundDemyelination and remyelination are critical processes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The selective estrogen receptor modulator bazedoxifene (BZA) has been shown to promote remyelination, suggesting its potential therapeutic efficacy.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of BZA in addressing demyelination and associated cognitive deficits in a mouse model of AD.MethodsThe changes in myelin and oligodendrocyte-related indicators in the brains of APP/PS1 mice were assessed via immunostaining. 5 × FAD transgenic mice received oral administratio…

Neuroprotective effects of glucotropaeolin as the major glucosinolate of cress seed on cuprizone-induced mouse model of multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by inflammation and myelin damage. Glucosinolates, present in Lepidium … Behavioral tests demonstrated symptom improvement, and histopathological analysis revealed enhanced remyelination. Additionally, the expression of myelination-related gene, Olig2, showed significant changes. LSS fractions promote neuroprotection in MS via remyelination, with minimal impact on Nrf2 and Nf-κB pathways.

Lyso-Lipid-Induced Oligodendrocyte Maturation Underlies Restoration of Optic Nerve Function.

Protein hyperdeimination and deficiency of lyso-phospholipids (LPC 18:1) has been associated with the pathology of demyelinating disease in both humans and mice. We uncovered interesting biology of LPC 18:1, in which LPC 18:1 induced optic nerve function restoration through oligodendrocyte maturation and remyelination in mouse model systems. Our in vitro studies show LPC 18:1 protection against neuron-ectopic hyperdeimination and stimulation of oligodendrocyte maturation, while in vivo investigations recorded optic nerve function improvement following optic nerve injections of LPC 18:1, in con…

ANXA1 directs Schwann cells proliferation and migration to accelerate nerve regeneration through the FPR2/AMPK pathway.

Many factors are involved in the process of nerve regeneration. Understanding the mechanisms regarding how these factors promote an efficient remyelination is crucial to deciphering the molecular and cellular processes required to promote nerve repair. Schwann cells (SCs) play a central role in the process of peripheral nerve repair/regeneration. Using a model of facial nerve crush injury and repair, we identified Annexin A1 (ANXA1) as the extracellular trigger of SC proliferation and migration. ANXA1 activated formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) receptors and the downstream adenosine 5'-monophos…

Leonurine suppresses neuroinflammation through promoting oligodendrocyte maturation.

Focal inflammation and remyelination failure are major hallmarks of multiple sclerosis and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this study, we found that leonurine, a bioactive alkaloid, alleviated EAE disease severity along with reduced central nervous system inflammation and myelin damage. During the pathogenesis of EAE, leonurine dramatically suppressed the recruitment of encephalitogenic T cells into the central nervous system, whereas did not impair periphery immune responses and microglia activation. Mechanistically, leonurine protected mice against demye…

miR-221-3p Inhibits Schwann Cell Myelination.

Following peripheral nerve injury, Schwann Cells (SCs) undergo dedifferentiation, proliferation, migration, and remyelination. Recent works demonstrated the importance of the short non-coding RNA (miRNAs) in SC dedifferentiation and remyelination after nerve injury. Previously, we found some miRNAs like miR-9, miR-221, miR-222 and miR-182 could regulate the proliferation and migration of SCs. Therefore, it is imperative to ask whether these miRNAs could regulate the myelination of SCs. Here we demonstrated that miR-221-3p could inhibit the myelination of SCs when co-cultured with dorsal root g…

EGFP expression controlled by GFAP promoter in mesenchymal cells: an efficient tool for glial lineage selection and transplantation.

In order to demonstrate a new method to label and select enough glial cells from induced MSCs to provide cells for cell therapy, MSCs were i … lated mainly around the damaged nerve fibers. MSCs were relocalized by immunoelectronmicroscopy and remyelination was observed. EGFP expression controlled by GFAP promoter in mesenchymal cells was an efficient tool for glial lineage selection and transplantation. Induced MSCs can promote nerve regeneration by participating remyelination.

Thyroid hormone activates oligodendrocyte precursors and increases a myelin-forming protein and NGF content in the spinal cord during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

Remyelination in the adult central nervous system has been demonstrated in different experimental models of demyelinating diseases. However, there is no clear evidence that remyelination occurs in multiple sclerosis, the most diffuse demyelinating disease. In this article, we explore the possibility of promoting myelination in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, a widely used experimental model of multiple sclerosis, by recruiting progenitors and channeling them into oligodendroglial lineage through administration of thyroid hormone (T4). A large number of proliferating cells (BrdUrd upta…

Visual Evoked Potential Recording in a Rat Model of Experimental Optic Nerve Demyelination.

The visual evoked potential (VEP) recording is widely used in clinical practice to assess the severity of optic neuritis in its acute phase, … ng protocol, provides a tool to investigate the disease processes associated with demyelination and remyelination, and can potentially be employed to evaluate the effects of new remyelinating drugs or neuroprotective therapies.

Липидированные мезофорные наночастицы, нагруженные тимокиноном, в качестве нового метода лечения аутоиммунного энцефаломиелита у крыс.

AIMS: Пересечение мозгового барьера (BBB) по-прежнему является серьезной проблемой для доставки терапевтических агентов в центральную нервную систему. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить потенциал новых наноформуляционных силикатных силиканочастиц (MSN), покрытых липидным двуслойным слоем (LB), с тем чтобы повысить уровень доставки и потенциальное ремиелионирующее воздействие тимокинона (TQ). МЕТОДЫ: Составы характеризовались микроскопией передачи электронов и динамическим рассеиванием света для определения потенциала зета и размера частиц. Экспериментальная аутоиммунная энце

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
AIMS: Crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB) remains a significant challenge for delivering therapeutic agents to the central nervous system … europathological assessment of various brain regions and sciatic nerves revealed evidence of axonal remyelination in treated groups. SIGNIFICANCE: The findings suggest that the LB-MSN formulation may enhance the delivery and therapeutic profile of TQ, primarily through its association with anti-inflammatory and remyelinating effects. CONCLUSION: LB-MSN shows …

Deletion of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Astrocytes during Demyelination Reduces Brain Inflammation and Promotes Myelin Regeneration in Mice.

To determine whether Cav1.2 voltage-gated Ca2+ channels contribute to astrocyte activation, we generated an inducible conditional knock-out … environment promotes oligodendrocyte progenitor cells maturation and myelin regeneration across the remyelination phase of the cuprizone model. Similar results were found in animals treated with nimodipine, a Cav1.2 Ca2+ channel inhibitor with high affinity to the CNS. Mice of either sex injected with nimodipine during the demyelination stage of the cuprizone t …

ERK1/2 Activation in Preexisting Oligodendrocytes of Adult Mice Drives New Myelin Synthesis and Enhanced CNS Function.

UNLABELLED: Growing evidence shows that mechanisms controlling CNS plasticity extend beyond the synapse and that alterations in myelin can m … ed hippocampal-dependent emotional learning. Although preexisting OLs do not normally contribute to remyelination, we show that sustained activation of ERK1/2 renders them able to do so. These data suggest that strategies designed to push mature OLs to reinitiate myelination may be beneficial both for enhancing remyelination in demyelinating diseases and for in …

Effects of short- and long-term Schwann cell denervation on peripheral nerve regeneration, myelination, and size.

Poor functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury has been generally attributed to inability of denervated muscles to accept reinnervation and recover from denervation atrophy. However, deterioration of the Schwann cell environment may play a more vital role. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of chronic denervation on the capacity of Schwann cells in the distal nerve stump to support axonal regeneration and to remyelinate regenerated axons. We used a delayed cross-suture anastomosis technique in which the common peroneal (CP) nerve in the rat was denervated for 0-24 weeks

Dual-Targeting miR-219 and miR-146a in Multiple Sclerosis: Bridging Myelin Repair and Neuroinflammation for Novel Therapeutic Insights.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological disorder involving concurrent immune-mediated demyelination and progressive neurodegeneration. Although disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) effectively modulate peripheral immune responses and reduce relapse rates, they are ineffective at halting disease progression and promoting central nervous system (CNS) repair. This review outlines a new therapeutic approach that targets two important microRNAs: miR-219, which stimulates oligodendrogenesis and remyelination, and miR-146a, which regulates innate immune responses and neuroinflammation. W…

Белая материя в кризисе: Олигодендроциты и патофизиология множественного склероза.

Множественный склероз — это хроническое нервно-дегенеративное расстройство центральной нервной системы с иммунной подоплекой, характеризующееся широко распространенным обезвоживанием, аксонной травмой и прогрессивным неврологическим расстройством. Патофизиология множественного склероза включает сложные взаимодействия между иммунными клетками и постоянными клетками центральной нервной системы, при этом олигодендроциты (милиновые глиальные клетки) играют центральную роль как в наступлении, так и в развитии болезни. Дисфункция олигодендроцитов, включая снижение регенеративной способности, повышен

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, immune-mediated neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system, characterized by widespread demye … ines, and increased susceptibility to oxidative stress, contributes significantly to the failure of remyelination observed in chronic multiple sclerosis lesions. Key factors such as microglial activation, T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity, and altered signaling pathways affecting oligodendrocyte progenitor cell maturation are explored in depth. Some therapeutic stra …

Danggui-Shaoyao San Promotes Microglia-Mediated Oligodendrocyte Maturation and White Matter Repair After Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability, yet effective therapies that promote white matter repair and remyelination during the recovery phase remain limited. Danggui-Shaoyao-San (DSS) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects, but its mechanisms during the recovery phase are unclear. Here, we tested whether delayed DSS treatment improves long-term outcomes after transient focal ischemia by reprogramming microglia to support oligodendroglial differentiation and remyelination. In a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, DSS starting 30 min after reperfusion …

Presentation of Human Neural Stem Cell Antigens Drives Regulatory T Cell Induction.

Transplantation of human neural stem cells (hNSCs) is a promising regenerative therapy to promote remyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Transplantation of hNSCs has been shown to increase the number of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) in the spinal cords of murine models of MS, which is correlated with a strong localized remyelination response. However, the mechanisms by which hNSC transplantation leads to an increase in Tregs in the CNS remains unclear. We report that hNSCs drive the conversion of T conventional (Tconv) cells into Tregs in vitro. Conversion of Tcon…