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Malaria vector bionomics and transmission in irrigated and non-irrigated sites in western Kenya.

Irrigation not only helps to improve food security but also creates numerous water bodies for mosquito production. This study assessed the effect of irrigation on malaria vector bionomics and transmission in a semi-arid site with ongoing malaria vector control program. The effectiveness of CDC light traps in the surveillance of malaria vectors was also evaluated relative to the human landing catches (HLCs) method. Adult mosquitoes were sampled in two study sites representing irrigated and non-irrigated agroecosystems in western Kenya using a variety of trapping methods. The mosquito samples we

Chronic hydrocephalus-induced hypoxia: increased expression of VEGFR-2+ and blood vessel density in hippocampus.

Chronic hydrocephalus (CH) is a neurological disease characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure that is often associated with impaired cognitive function. By and large, CH is a complex and heterogeneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) disorder where the exact site of brain insult is uncertain. Several mechanisms including neural compression, fiber stretch, and local or global hypoxia have been implicated in the underlying pathophysiology of CH. Specifically, the hippocampus, which plays a significant role in memory processing and is in direct contact with expanding CSF ventri

Детерминанты изменений денге серотипа: описывающая многофакторная перспектива.

Вирус денге (DENV) циркулирует как четыре антигенно различимых серотипа, доминирующее положение которых с течением времени колеблется во многих эндемических регионах, явление, известное как серотипная смена, которая часто ассоциируется с крупными вспышками и усилением заболеваемости. В этом обзоре, в котором обобщаются эпидемиологические, вирологические, иммунологические, энтомологические и экологические данные, отмечается, что изменение серотипа, вероятно, происходит в результате взаимодействия нескольких факторов, а не только в результате вирусной эволюции, при этом центральную роль играет и

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Dengue Virus (DENV) circulates as four antigenically distinct serotypes whose dominance fluctuates over time in many endemic regions, a phen … vector competence, climate variability, and human factors such as demography, socioeconomic status, population density and mobility to drive cyclical and sometimes abrupt changes in serotype dominance. Notably, the review indicates that serotype changes often precede or coincide with more clinical severity and patterns of outbreaks, with direct implications for the …

Territorial suitability and human exposure interactions shaping dengue incidence in Mexico (2020-2024).

Dengue remains a major public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions, with spatial patterns shaped by environmental gradients an … Temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, vegetation, elevation, slope, built-up fraction, and population density were used to generate suitability surfaces at 1-km resolution in Google Earth Engine. These surfaces were subsequently aggregated and validated against confirmed dengue incidence from the national epidemiological surveillance system. Results showed …

Geographic variations and trends in percutaneous intervention for patients with and without acute myocardial infarction: A Japanese nationwide registry study.

BACKGROUND: A previous study demonstrated that the per capita volume of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was relatively uniform across the 47 prefectures in Japan, while elective PCIs for stable coronary artery disease showed wide regional variation. However, contemporary data remain limited. METHODS: The Japanese PCI (J-PCI) is a nationwide prospective registry covering most of the procedures performed within the country. PCI procedures in 2019 and 2023 were included and divided according to the indications: AMI versus non-AMI. The patterns of PC

Socioeconomic and medical determinants of state-level subjective cognitive decline in the United States.

INTRODUCTION: It is important to understand the socioeconomic and medical determinants of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) at a population level in the United States. METHODS: The primary outcomes are state-level rates of SCD and SCD-related functional impairment in adults aged ≥ 45, both measured in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from 2016 to 2022. The exposures are state-level rates of poverty, unemployment, homelessness, college education, racial and ethnic minorities, uninsurance, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity as well as household income and physician dens

Association of Aldosterone with Mortality in the General Population.

INTRODUCTION: Aldosterone excess is linked to cardiovascular events and mortality as well as to low-grade inflammation in the context of metabolic diseases. Whether mildly elevated aldosterone levels in the general population promote cardiovascular risk is still under debate. We analyzed the association of plasma aldosterone concentrations with incident cardiovascular events, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality as well as with biomarkers of subclinical inflammation in the population-based KORA F4 study. METHODS: Plasma aldosterone concentrations were measured with an in-house immunoflurome

Periapical status and technical quality in root canal filled teeth in a cross sectional study in Jönköping, Sweden.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the quality of root canal fillings and frequency of apical periodontitis (AP) in root canal filled teeth in a Swedish population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study used data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in 2013. The root canal filling quality and periapical status were assessed in 491 root canal filled teeth in 196 individuals aged 20-70 years, randomly selected from the population of Jönköping, Sweden. All root canal filled teeth were examined with periapical radiographs. Three calibrated observers recorded length and density in root canal fillings as well

Sinful Foods: Measuring Implicit Associations Between Food Categories and Moral Attributes in Anorexic, Orthorexic, and Healthy Subjects.

Recently, neurocognitive studies have shown that food categorization is sensitive to both the properties of the food stimuli (e.g., calorie content) and the individual characteristics of subjects (e.g., BMI, eating disorders) asked to categorize these stimuli. Furthermore, groups of patients with eating disorders (ED) were described as relying more on moral criteria to form food categories than were control subjects. The present studies built on these seminal articles and aimed to determine whether certain food properties might trigger moral categories preferentially in subjects suffering from

Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Time for a Platelet-Guided Approach.

Aspirin protects against atherothrombosis while increasing the risk of major bleeding. Although it is widely used to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD), its benefit does not outweigh its risk for primary CVD prevention in large population settings. The recent United States Preventive Services Task Force guidelines on aspirin use to prevent CVD reflect this clinical tradeoff as well as the persistent struggle to define a population that would benefit from prophylactic aspirin therapy. Past clinical trials of primary CVD prevention with aspirin have not included consideration of a biomarker re

Antimüllerian hormone and F2-isoprostanes in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study.

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether F2-isoprostanes, a marker of systematic oxidative stress, are associated with antimüllerian hormone (AMH), an indicator of ovarian reserve, in a population-based cohort of women of black and white ethnicities. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis. SETTING: Not applicable. PATIENTS: The CARDIA Women's Study, a population-based cohort. Black (n = 398) and white (n = 432) late reproductive-aged women (mean age 40 ± 3.6 years) without histories of gynecologic surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Log-transformed serum AMH concentrations. RESULTS: Linear regression models e

Genetic variants in the PLS3 gene are associated with osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal Chinese women.

Plastin 3 (PLS3) has been identified as a candidate gene for bone fragility in the Rotterdam study (RS) population. So far, however, whether PLS3 polymorphisms are genetic risk factors for osteoporosis in Asian population remains unclear. In order to investigate the association between genetic variants in PLS3 and the risk of fragility fracture and/or bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Chinese women, we conducted a case-control association study. A total of 1083 postmenopausal patients with osteoporotic fractures and 2578 unrelated non-fracture controls in Shanghai were enrolled. Sev

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in veterans with spinal cord injury.

CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE: Recent literature would suggest the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) is higher than that of the general population, although no large cohorts have yet been reported. Part of the controversy relates to the differing definitions provided for metabolic syndrome and the characterization of obesity in persons with SCI. DESIGN/PARTICIPANTS: The current retrospective investigation represents a cross-sectional cohort of 473 veterans with SCI from a single center in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States for whom modified International

Determinants of bone mass in end-stage renal failure patients at the time of kidney transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) are at high risk of renal osteodystrophy. Our study aimed to identify predictors of bone mass and cumulative fracture rate at the time of renal transplantation (RTx). This is important since the patients experience further substantial bone loss the first month post-transplant. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Altogether 133 renal transplant patients were examined for bone mineral density (BMD) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry shortly after RTx. RESULTS: The patients'Z-scores were significantly lower at the time of RTx compared to the reference

Genetic and environmental correlates of semen quality: a twin study.

BACKGROUND: The influences of environmental factors on the male reproductive system have been much debated over the last 3 decades. We studied the impact of genes and environment on semen quality, sex hormone levels, and sperm chromatin stability by using a twin design. METHODS: The study population consisted of monozygotic and dizygotic twins from the population-based Danish Twin Registry and a random selection of pairs of singleton brothers from the Danish Civil Registration System. All men were 20 to 45 years of age. The study population comprised 100 monozygotic twin brothers (50 pairs),

Aortic valve sclerosis is associated with preclinical cardiovascular disease in hypertensive adults: the Hypertension Genetic Epidemiology Network study.

RATIONALE: Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) has been associated with atherosclerosis and increased all-cause and cardiovascular death. However, whether AVS is associated with preclinical cardiovascular disease among adults at high risk because of hypertension has not been determined in a population-based sample. METHODS AND RESULTS: Clinical and echocardiographic parameters were measured in 1624 hypertensive participants (54 +/- 11 years, 65% women, 63% black, 17% diabetic, 19% smokers) without significant valvular or cardiovascular diseases in the population-based Hypertension Genetic Epidemiolo

[Study of bone mass with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in a population of 99 lower limb amputees].

OBJECTIVES: Osteopenia in lower extremity amputation is described with an increased risk of fracture and it seems to be interesting to study bone mass in a population of 99 amputees of limb. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We studied the bone mass with Dual Energy Xray Absorptiometry in patients with limb amputation, above and under knee and who have been treated in the rehabilitation department of Mulhouse's hospital and more specifically the percentage of the difference of the mesure between amputed and non amputed side and the influence on this mesure of several factors like sexe; age; diabetes melli

The contribution of vitamin D receptor gene alleles to the determination of bone mineral density in normal and osteoporotic women.

Bone mass and its mineral content are under genetic control. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene has been shown to be a major locus for genetic effects on bone mineral density (BMD), and polymorphisms in this gene accounted for a large proportion of genetic variance in BMD in an Australian population. In this study, we investigated whether similar associations are present in a North American population. We studied 139 normal healthy women (age 53.2 +/- 14.5, mean +/- SD) and 43 severely osteoporotic postmenopausal women (age 65.8 +/- 5.9). In the 127 of them with complete genetic studies, the di

Impact of Telemedicine on Health Expenditures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan: Quasi-Experimental Study.

BACKGROUND: The effects of telemedicine on health expenditures and health outcomes are an important policy question. Many countries loosened regulations on the use of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic, thereby offering an opportunity to evaluate these effects via a natural experiment. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of greater telemedicine use on area-level health expenditures and health outcomes related to common chronic conditions in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: We compared prefectures (area levels of government) with higher prepandemic telemedicine

Relationship between the non-HDLc-to-HDLc ratio and carotid plaques in a high stroke risk population: a cross-sectional study in China.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the association between the non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDLc)-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) ratio (non-HDLc/HDLc) and carotid plaques is still limited. This study aims to assess the relationship between the non-HDLc/HDLc and carotid plaques in a population with a high risk of stroke. METHODS: A cross-sectional study based on the community was conducted in Yangzhou, China. Residents (no younger than 40 years old) underwent questionnaire interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory testing during 2013-2014. The subjects with a high