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Uterine Neoplasms, Version 1.2023, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

Adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (also known as endometrial cancer, or more broadly as uterine cancer or carcinoma of the uterine corpus) i … undifferentiated/dedifferentiated carcinoma). Stromal or mesenchymal sarcomas are uncommon subtypes accounting for approximately 3% of all uterine cancers. This selection from the NCCN Guidelines for Uterine Neoplasms focuses on the diagnosis, staging, and management of pure endometrioid carcinoma. The complete version of the NCCN Guidelines for Uterine Neop …

A rare case of femoral hernia containing a strangulated appendix: a case report, operating techniques and literature review.

Femoral hernias accounting for 2-4% of all hernias rarely involve appendicitis, known as De Garengeout hernia, with only a few reported cases. We present a case of a 66-year-old woman with acute right groin pain but no signs of intestinal obstruction. Physical examination revealed a tender, partially reducible mass in the right groin. Computed tomography scan confirmed a femoral hernia containing incarcerated bowel loops, leading to urgent surgical intervention. The McEvedys approach was used for appendicectomy and hernia repair. The patient recovered without complications. Strangulated femora…

Pediatric Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) is a demyelinating disease with a high relapse rate and risk of disability accrual. The condition is an astrocytopathy, with antibodies to the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel being detected in AQP4-IgG seropositive disease. Presentation is uncommon in the pediatric age range, accounting for about 3%-5% of cases. NMOSD is more prevalent in populations of Black or East Asian ancestry. Core clinical syndromes include optic neuritis, acute myelitis, area postrema syndrome, acute brainstem syndrome, acute diencephalic syndrome, and symptomatic cerebra…

Pesticides and tremor: An overview of association, mechanisms and confounders.

Pesticides are a heterogeneous class of chemicals mainly used for the protection of crops from pests. Because of their very widespread use, acute or/and chronic exposure to these chemicals can lead to a plethora of sequelae inflicting diseases, many of which involve the nervous system. Tremor has been associated with pesticide exposure in human and animal studies. This review is aimed at assessing the studies currently available on the association between the various types of pesticides/insecticides and tremor, while also accounting for potential confounding factors. To our knowledge, this is …

Ethnomedicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Suregada Genus: A Review.

Plants of the Suregada Roxb. ex Rottler (formerly Gelonium Roxb. ex Willd) are utilized to treat various ailments, namely, hepatic, gum dise … t reported. In this review, abietane diterpenoids are the main compounds expressed by the Suregada, accounting for 71 of the 114 reported compounds. Ten triterpenoids and sterols, one aliphatic, two lignans, five flavonoids, and twenty-one nitrogen-containing compounds have been reported from the genus.

Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma: A case report.

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) encompass a diverse range of lymphoproliferative neoplasms. Approximately 85%-90% of NHLs originate from mature B lymphocytes, with the remaining arising from T lymphocytes or natural killer (NK) cells. Notably, NHLs exhibit a pronounced extranodal predilection, with nearly 25% presenting in such locations. In developed countries, the most prevalent NHL subtypes are diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (accounting for 30%) and follicular lymphoma (representing 20%). All other NHL subtypes each constitute less than 10% of cases, including the rarer marginal zone lymphoma (…

Embryological Insights into the Origin of Epithelial Cancers of the Female Reproductive Tract.

The embryology of the female reproductive organs is reviewed focusing on aspects relevant to the histogenesis of reproductive neoplasms. The … there is an embryological link between the Müllerian ducts and the renal collecting system, perhaps accounting for clear cell differentiation in some gynecological malignancies. Implications for our understanding of the origin of the tumors historically classified as ovarian epithelial neoplasms are discussed.

The rare case of optic nerve cavernoma: A case report depicting the diagnostic challenge.

The manuscript describes a case of Cavernous Malformation in the optic pathway which is extremely rare, accounting for less than 1% of central nervous system cavernomas. This case report highlights a patient initially diagnosed with a glioma, but subsequent MRI changes and extensive analysis ruled in favor of a hemorrhagic optic neuropathy caused by an optic nerve cavernoma. The patient experienced temporary vision loss but fully regained her vision within a week. Based on clinical, biochemical, and radiological findings, it was confirmed as a rare case of optic nerve cavernoma, and the patien…

Когда герпес простейший вирус энцефалит соответствует антивирусному врожденному иммунитету.

Вирус герпеса (HSV) является наиболее распространенным патогеном инфекционного энцефалита, на который приходится почти половина подтвержденных случаев энцефалита. Его клинические симптомы часто нетипичны. ПЦР HSV в цереброспинной жидкости помогает диагностировать, и прогнозы, как правило, являются удовлетворительными после регулярной антивирусной терапии. Интересно, что некоторые пациенты, страдающие периодическим энцефалитом, имеют мало антивирусного эффекта. ПЦР HSV в цереброспинной жидкости отрицательный, но глюкокортикоид оказывает значительное воздействие после лечения. Конкретные антител

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the most common pathogen of infectious encephalitis, accounting for nearly half of the confirmed cases of encephalitis. Its clinical symptoms are often atypical. HSV PCR in cerebrospinal fluid is helpful for diagnosis, and the prognosis is usually satisfactory after regular antiviral treatment. Interestingly, some patients with …

Late Diagnosis of Metastatic Leiomyosarcoma Originating in the Ureter.

This case report highlights a patient with a leiomyosarcoma originating in the ureter. A chart review was performed on a single patient who presented with a malignant retroperitoneal mass measuring 11.5 × 8.2 × 6.5 cm with subsequent metastasis sites to the breast, pancreas, liver, and lungs. The diagnosis of a leiomyosarcoma is uncommon, accounting for 0.1-0.4% of all cancer diagnoses in the United States. The diagnosis of a leiomyosarcoma originating from the ureter is extremely rare with fewer than 20 reported cases to date. Lack of typical urinary tract cancer signs and symptoms prevented …

Alzheimer disease and the evolving treatment landscape.

Alzheimer disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that destroys memory and the ability to think, slowly over time. AD is the leading type of dementia, accounting for 60% to 80% of cases, and the sixth leading cause of death in the United States. AD, which can range from mild to severe, is thought to occur secondary to the aggregation and accumulation of β-amyloid peptides, abnormal phosphorylation of tau protein, and neuroinflammation. Current treatment options vary depending on the severity of AD, and emerging treatment options continue to arise. Managed care o…

A large undifferentiated sarcoma of the liver in a 13-year-old girl treated with anatomical resection: a case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of the liver (UESL) is a rare liver tumor accounting for 6-13% of primary liver tumors. Accurate preoperative diagnosis is difficult, with a rather high misdiagnosis rate. Herein, we reported a very large UESL treated with anatomical resection. Our case is amongst the largest pediatric UESLs in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: Herein, we report a 13-year-old girl presenting with right upper quadrant abdominal pain, postprandial vomiting, and abdominal distention, in which radiographic imaging demonstrated a huge UESL (28 × 20 × 12 cm). The pati…

Cardiac Amyloidosis.

Amyloid deposits are defined by their tinctorial properties. Under the light microscope amyloid deposits are eosinophilic and amorphous when stained with hematoxylin and eosin. With Congo red staining the deposits are positive and under polarized light will exhibit green birefringence. Sixty years later electron microscopy demonstrated that all deposits were fibrillar. All amyloid deposits are protein derived. The clinical characteristics will be driven by the nature of the protein subunit. In cardiology, the 2 most common subunits accounting for well more than 90% of cardiac amyloidosis are e…

Characterization of wine volatile compounds from different regions and varieties by HS-SPME/GC-MS coupled with chemometrics.

HS-SPME/GC-MS and aroma descriptive analysis were used to gain insights into the volatile and sensory details of 99 red wine samples collect … ty-related differences in wines. Analysis of volatile compounds also showed that the primary factor accounting for diversity in wines in this study was region rather than variety. These results highlight the sensory attributes and volatiles of different regions and varieties, and provide a quantitative basis for screening for differential metabolites and pot …

Laparoscopic Management of Cornual Ectopic Pregnancy: A Step-by-step Approach.

Interstitial and cornual pregnancies are dangerous, yet rare, forms of ectopic pregnancy, accounting for 2%-4% of all ectopic pregnancies. A 38-year-old female, para 1, gravida 3 had undergone another in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycle (a salpingectomy performed elsewhere for treating a hydrosalpinx before a previous IVF attempt). Duration of pregnancy is 6 weeks and 5 days, a transvaginal ultrasound revealed an embryo with a positive foetal heartbeat, located in the left cornuum. As no conservative treatment option could be followed, we proceeded with laparoscopic removal of ectopic pregnancy…

A Large Osteoid Osteoma of Trapezium: A Regenerative Approach and a Review of Literature.

Osteoid osteoma is a benign bone tumor that usually grows in the long bones of the body and arises from osteoblasts and some components of osteoclasts. It represents the third most frequent type of benign bone tumors, accounting for 11% to 14% of the tumors. The entity usually involves the proximal femur and tibia. It has also been reported in the hand, especially the scaphoid, capitate, and proximal phalanx. The most common symptom is pain, usually during the night, relieved by the use of salicylates and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. To date, only 5 cases involving the trapezium have …

A Review on Canine and Feline Prostate Pathology.

Prostatic diseases are very common in male dogs, accounting for 3-10% of cases submitted to the veterinary practitioners. Commonly reported canine prostatic disorders include prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, prostatic cysts and prostatic carcinoma. However, clinical signs may be non-specific, or many cases are asymptomatic, thus leading to a difficult estimation of the actual prevalence of clinical cases. On the other side, because of the rare occurrence of prostate disease in cats, very little is known about pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches and treatment. The goal of this review is to p…

Retroperitoneal Sarcoma Care in 2021.

Soft-tissue sarcomas are biologically heterogenous tumors arising from connective tissues with over 100 subtypes. Although sarcomas account for <1% of all adult malignancies, retroperitoneal sarcomas are a distinct subgroup accounting for <10% of all sarcomatous tumors. There have been considerable advancements in the understanding and treatment of retroperitoneal sarcoma in the last decade, with standard treatment consisting of upfront primary surgical resection. The evidence surrounding the addition of radiation therapy remains controversial. There remains no standard with regards to systemi…

Cryptococcus neoformans Genotypic Diversity and Disease Outcome among HIV Patients in Africa.

Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis, a disease with poor patient outcomes, remains the most prevalent invasive fungal infection worldwide, accounting for approximately 180,000 deaths each year. In several areas of sub-Saharan Africa with the highest HIV prevalence, cryptococcal meningitis is the leading cause of community-acquired meningitis, with a high mortality among HIV-infected individuals. Recent studies show that patient disease outcomes are impacted by the genetics of the infecting isolate. Yet, there is still limited knowledge of how these genotypic variations contribute to clinical dise…

Losing the battle over best-science guidance early in a crisis: COVID-19 and beyond.

Ensuring widespread public exposure to best-science guidance is crucial in any crisis, e.g., coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), monkeypox, … exposure dynamics at the system level. Our findings could be used to tailor guidance at scale while accounting for individual diversity and to help predict tipping point behavior and system-level responses to interventions in future crises.