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Preventive strategies for acute kidney injury in cancer patients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of cancer that occurs in up to 50% of neoplastic patients during the natural history of their disease; furthermore, it has a huge impact on key outcomes such as overall prognosis, length of hospitalization and costs. AKI in cancer patients has different causes, either patient-, tumour- or treatment-related. Patient-related risk factors for AKI are the same as in the general population, whereas tumour-related risk factors are represented by compression, obstruction, direct kidney infiltration from the tumour as well by precipitation, aggregatio

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… Screening patients at higher risk for post-surgical AKI is key and should be done by estimating baseline renal function, measuring albuminuria, and optimizing glycemic and blood pressure control; in this way, we could minimize renal function decline after surgery. …

Multidisciplinary supportive care in systemic light chain amyloidosis.

The immunoglobulin light-chain amyloidosis is a multisystemic disease which manifests by damage to the vital organs by light chain-derived amyloid fibril. Traditionally, the treatment has been directed to the underlying plasma cell clone with or without high dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation using melphalan based conditioning. Now with the approval of highly tolerable anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody daratumumab based anti-plasma cell therapy in 2021, high rates of hematologic complete responses are possible even in patients who are otherwise deemed not a candidat

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… Since these fibrils deposit in the glomeruli, proteinuria (predominantly albuminuria in the urine protein electrophoresis) is usually found in most patients and around 67% of cases progress to nephrotic syndrome. …

Immunoglobulin Light-Chain Amyloidosis: Clinical Presentations and Diagnostic Approach.

Systemic immunoglobulin light-chain (AL) amyloidosis is a rare disorder arising from a plasma cell clone that produces misfolded immunoglobulin light chains, which are deposited in various tissues and organs as amyloid fibrils. Signs and symptoms are typically vague and overlap with those arising from other common diseases; consequently, diagnosis of AL amyloidosis is challenging for clinicians. Substantial delays between onset of symptoms and diagnosis are common, and result in poorer outcomes, particularly in patients with cardiac AL amyloidosis and others who develop advanced organ dysfunct

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… Patients with renal involvement commonly present with increased proteinuria (mainly albuminuria), evolving into nephrotic syndrome and progressing into renal failure if untreated ( Palladini & Merlini, 2016 ). …

Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in health and disease: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic perspectives.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling is a critical regulator of vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis, processes that are vital for the development of vascular and lymphatic systems, tissue repair, and the maintenance of homeostasis. VEGF ligands and their receptors orchestrate endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and survival, playing a pivotal role in dynamic vascular remodeling. Dysregulated VEGF signaling drives diverse pathological conditions, including tumor angiogenesis, cardiovascular diseases, and ocular disorders. Excessive VEGF activity promotes tu

Bone-modifying therapy in multiple myeloma: a comprehensive review.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal hematologic malignancy characterized by plasma cell proliferation in the bone marrow. One of the most common clinical presentations is skeletal-related events (SREs), characterized by osteolysis of the bone, leading to a significant morbidity and mortality. The main aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the pathogenesis and evidence-based, guideline-recommended treatment of SREs. MM bone homeostasis is altered by numerous pathways and cytokines, leading to the pathogenesis of bone and osteolytic lesions. Historically, bisphosphonates were the

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… All guidelines recommend regular monitoring of calcium, vitamin D, creatinine, and possible ONJ, while ASCO also includes albuminuria ( 135 ). However, it is important to note that these guidelines are outdated. … every 1–3 months based on choice of agent, patient specifics, and response to treatment Renal Impairment | Denosumab preferred for severe renal dysfunction | Denosumab for CrCl <30 mL/min | Denosumab preferred | Denosumab preferred | Denosumab preferred Monitoring | Creatinine, calcium, vitamin D, albuminuria …

YKL-40-A Protein in the Field of Translational Medicine: A Role as a Biomarker in Cancer Patients?

YKL-40 is a 40 kDa glycoprotein produced by cancer cells, inflammatory cells and stem cells. It probably has a role in cell proliferation and differentiation, inflammation, protection against apoptosis, stimulation of angiogenesis, and regulation of extracellular tissue remodelling. Plasma levels of YKL-40 are often elevated in patients with localized or advanced cancer compared to age-matched healthy subjects. Several studies have demonstrated that high plasma YKL-40 is an independent prognostic biomarker of short survival in patients with different types of cancer. However, there is not yet

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… Patients with type 1 diabetes have elevated plasma YKL-40 compared to healthy subjects, and increasing plasma YKL-40 levels are associated with increasing levels of albuminuria [ 131 ]. … YKL-40, a marker of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, is elevated in patients with type 1 diabetes and increases with levels of albuminuria Diabetes Care 2009 32 323 328 18957531 10.2337/dc08-1144 PMC2628702 132. Rathcke C.N. Vestergaard H. …

Предотвращение событий, связанных со скелетом, в новой диагностированной миеломе.

Несмотря на увеличение числа новых методов лечения недавно диагностированной множественной миеломы (НДММ), предотвращение событий, связанных со скелетом (СРП), по-прежнему является сложной задачей. В настоящем обзоре резюмируются механистические причины болезни костей миэломы, данные, подтверждающие использование бисфофонатов и ингибиторов РАНКЛ, а также оптимальное управление предотвращением НОС у пациентов НДММ. Как золедронная кислота (ZA), так и деносумаб являются приемлемыми вариантами обработки с сопоставимыми характеристиками безопасности и эффективности. Однако у пациентов, которые явл

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… . | Comprehensive dental exam before starting bone-modifying therapy is recommended Calcium and vitamin D should be repleted Monitor for renal dysfunction during treatment Evaluate for albuminuria every 3–6 months for patients on bisphosphonates. …

New insight into adiponectin role in obesity and obesity-related diseases.

Obesity is a major health problem strongly increasing the risk for various severe related complications such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory disorders, diabetic retinopathy, and cancer. Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ that produces biologically active molecules defined "adipocytokines," protein hormones with pleiotropic functions involved in the regulation of energy metabolism as well as in appetite, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, atherosclerosis, cell proliferation, and so forth. In obesity, fat accumulation causes dysregulation of adipokine production tha

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… 4 474 477 2-s2.0-15344343045 15690190 10.1007/s00467-004-1770-z 97 Komura N Kihara S Sonoda M Increment and impairment of adiponectin in renal failure Cardiovascular Research 2010 86 3 471 477 2-s2.0-77952357751 20035033 10.1093/cvr/cvp415 98 Sharma K RamachandraRao S Qiu G Adiponectin regulates albuminuria …

Emerging Modes of Treatment of IgA Nephropathy.

IgA nephropathy is the most common primary glomerulonephritis with potentially serious outcome leading to end stage renal disease in 30 to 50% of patients within 20 to 30 years. Renal biopsy, which might be associated with risks of complications (bleeding and others), still remains the only reliable diagnostic tool for IgA nephropathy. Therefore, the search for non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers for detection of subclinical types of IgA nephropathy, evaluation of disease activity, and assessment of treatment effectiveness, is of utmost importance. In this review, we summarize treat

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… The increase in eGFR is, however, associated with a proportional increase in albuminuria with uncertain impact on the long-term outcome of the patients [ 105 ]. …

An Updated Comprehensive Review on Diseases Associated with Nephrotic Syndromes.

There have been exciting advances in our knowledge of primary glomerular diseases and nephrotic syndromes in recent years. Beyond the histological pattern from renal biopsy, more precise phenotyping of the diseases and the use of modern nephrogenetics helps to improve treatment decisions and sometimes also avoid unnecessary exposure to potentially toxic immunosuppression. New biomarkers have led to easier and more accurate diagnoses and more targeted therapeutic decisions. The treatment landscape is becoming wider with a pipeline of promising new therapeutic agents with more sophisticated appr

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… Manifestation | Albuminuria/Nephrotic Syndrome | Ig-Subtype Association AL/AH/AHL amyloidosis | +++/> 60% | lambda >> kappa Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease MIDD (LCDD, LHCDD, HCDD) | ++/~ 20% | kappa >> lambda Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobuline deposits (PGNMID … Proteomics markers such as urinary CKD273 [ 151 ], a proteome-based classifier consisting of 273 peptides, are promising candidates for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in DKD, even at the very early stages that cannot be diagnosed with traditional markers such as albuminuria and serum creatinine or …

Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in kidney disease: molecular mechanisms, pathogenic roles, and emerging small-molecule therapeutics.

Inflammatory responses represent a core pathological process driving the progression of both acute and chronic kidney diseases. As a key effector of the innate immune system, the NLRP3 inflammasome is widely activated in renal resident cellsand infiltrating immune cells, positioning it as a critical nexus linking metabolic dysregulation, cellular stress, and tissue injury. Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence in recent years demonstrates that aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome directly promotes glomerular damage, tubulointerstitial inflammation, fibrosis, and vascular dysf

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… IL-22 inhibits NLRP3 activation, reduces albuminuria, and attenuates renal fibrosis ( 144 ). Genetic deletion of TLR4 mitigates HG-induced podocyte injury and renal damage via suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome ( 145 ). …

Pleiotropic Effects of Modified Citrus Pectin.

Modified citrus pectin (MCP) has a low-molecular-weight degree of esterification to allow absorption from the small intestinal epithelium into the circulation. MCP produces pleiotropic effects, including but not limited to its antagonism of galectin-3, which have shown benefit in preclinical and clinical models. Regarding cancer, MCP modulates several rate-limiting steps of the metastatic cascade. MCP can also affect cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. Regarding fibrotic diseases, MCP modulates many of the steps involved in the pathogenesis of aortic stenosis. MCP also reduces fibrosis to

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… Moreover, MCP attenuated early renal impairment in spontaneously hypertensive rats as indicated by reduced albuminuria, improved renal function, and decreased renal fibrosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and inflammation [ 34 ]. 4.4. …

Primary IgA nephropathy: current challenges and future prospects.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, exhibiting a variable clinical and pathological course and significantly contributing to the global burden of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Current standards of care focus on optimization of antihypertensive and antiproteinuric therapies (typically renin- angiotensin system blockade) to reduce disease progression. Much recent attention has focused on whether additional immunosuppression confers better outcomes than supportive management alone, and indeed, several trials have demonstrat

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… between APRIL expression and elevated circulating levels of galactose-deficient IgA and more severe clinical phenotype (high proteinuria and low eGFR). 89 These cytokines represent exciting targets for future therapy; indeed, anti-APRIL antibody treatment has already been shown to significantly decrease albuminuria …

ISN Nexus 2016 Symposia: Translational Immunology in Kidney Disease—The Berlin Roadmap

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… The effect of CCR2 inhibitor CCX140-B on residual albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy: a randomised trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2015;3:687–696. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(15)00261-2. 73. Hostetter T.H. …

IgA Vasculitis (Henoch-Schönlein Purpura): An Update on Treatment.

Objective: IgA vasculitis (IgAV), previously named as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is the most frequent systemic vasculitis in children. In adults, IgAV is less common although it is associated with more severe disease. In fact, the frequency of glomerulonephritis (referred to as IgAV nephritis) in adults is higher than in children and tends to present more severely, with around 10-30% of those affected eventually progressing to end-stage renal disease. In this review, we describe the pathophysiology, main clinical features, diagnosis of the disease, and latest clinical data regarding IgAV therap

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… Albuminuria and the histological activity index, when available, were significantly reduced. Additionally, further reductions in IgA ICs, serum IgA and beta-2 microglobulin levels were observed, together with an elevation of serum IgG1 levels [ 103 ]. …

Current status and updated recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of plasma cell myeloma in Switzerland.

The availability of drugs such as thalidomide, bortezomib and lenalidomide changed the landscape in myeloma treatment and has extended the median survival up to 10 years with a substantial improvement in quality of life. This development prompted a Swiss expert panel to re-evaluate the current status and formulate updated clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of plasma cell myeloma. These recommendations should help clinicians in their decision making to achieve the best outcome based on currently available data.

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… The most frequent side effects are fever occurring several hours after administration, acute renal failure, osteonecrosis of the jaw (particularly in patients with poor dental hygiene) and albuminuria (in particular after pamidronate administration). …

Biomarkers in Stress Related Diseases/Disorders: Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Values.

Various internal and external factors negatively affect the homeostatic equilibrium of organisms at the molecular to the whole-body level, inducing the so-called state of stress. Stress affects an organism's welfare status and induces energy-consuming mechanisms to combat the subsequent ill effects; thus, the individual may be immunocompromised, making them vulnerable to pathogens. The information presented here has been extensively reviewed, compiled, and analyzed from authenticated published resources available on Medline, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Direct, and other scientific database

Библиометрический и биоинформатический анализ перерождения в многократной миеломе: тенденции и горячих точек исследований и связанные с ними генетические пути (Associated Geneal Pathways)2000-2023).

ЦЕЛЬ: Цель настоящего исследования заключается в проведении библиометрического визуального анализа и биоинформатического анализа для изучения исследовательских горячих точек и тенденций развития почечных расстройств в множестве миелом, включая соответствующие гены и каналы сигнала в прошлом. two десятилетиями. МЕТОДЫ: База данных &quot; Web of Science Core Collection &quot; использовалась в качестве источника данных для извлечения литературы о дефектах почек в множестве миеломы. 2000 в адрес 2023. Выбранная литература была проанализирована с использованием библиометрического и биоинформатическ

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… Renal biopsy is considered the gold standard for distinguishing between LCCN, MGRS lesions, and other unrelated causes of AKI. 50 When non-selective proteinuria (primarily albuminuria) is detected, with a FLC value of less than 500 mg/L and no other known factors exacerbating kidney damage, a renal biopsy …

From Biology to Treatment of Monoclonal Gammopathies of Neurological Significance.

Monoclonal gammopathy and peripheral neuropathy are common diseases of elderly patients, and almost 10% of patients with neuropathy of unknown cause have paraprotein. However, growing evidence suggests that several hematological malignancies synthesize and release monoclonal proteins that damage the peripheral nervous system through different mechanisms. The spectrum of the disease varies from mild to rapidly progressive symptoms, sometimes affecting not only sensory nerve fibers, but also motor and autonomic fibers. Therefore, a multidisciplinary approach, mainly between hematologists and neu

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… In the diagnostic workup, it is useful to look for damages to heart (heart failure with septum thickness and preserved ejection fraction), kidney (albuminuria) and intrahepatic cholestasis (increase of bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase). …

Treatment of elderly patients with refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma: oral drugs adherence and the COVID-19 outbreak.

Once the treatment of refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma in the elderly is greatly influenced by the adherence of patients and family members, clinicians should be aware of patients' behavior and lifestyle, as it may influence the individual treatment plan for each patient. Furthermore, treatment with oral chemotherapy is of special value during the COVID-19 outbreak. Multidisciplinary healthcare involvement is crucial in the management of polypharmacy, adverse events and dose adjustment due to comorbidities and natural loss of renal function with age. Oral drugs simplify intake, reduce hosp

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… Prevalence of reduced kidney function and albuminuria in older adults: The Berlin initiative study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2017; 32:997–1005. 10.1093/ndt/gfw079. . 40. Celgene Brasil Produtos Farmacêuticos, Ltda. Revlimid (Lenalidomide). …