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Radionuclide-labelled nanoparticles for cancer combination therapy: a review.

Radionuclide therapy (RT) is widely used to advanced local cancers. However, its therapeutic efficacy is limited to the radiation resistance of cancer cells. Combination therapy aims to circumvent tumor resistance, and the combination of RT with photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy (CMT), and immunotherapy has shown promising treatment outcomes. Nanotechnology holds promise in advancing combination therapy by integrating multiple therapies on a nanostructure platform. This is due to the increased surface area, passive/active targeting capabilities, high payload

Therapeutic biomarkers in acute myeloid leukemia: functional and genomic approaches.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is clinically and genetically a heterogeneous disease characterized by clonal expansion of abnormal hematopoietic progenitors. Genomic approaches to precision medicine have been implemented to direct targeted therapy for subgroups of AML patients, for instance, IDH inhibitors for IDH1/2 mutated patients, and FLT3 inhibitors with FLT3 mutated patients. While next generation sequencing for genetic mutations has improved treatment outcomes, only a fraction of AML patients benefit due to the low prevalence of actionable targets. In recent years, the adoption of newer f

Race for the Cure: From the Oldest to the Newest Monoclonal Antibodies for Multiple Myeloma Treatment.

Multiple myeloma is characterized by a wide clinical heterogeneity due to an intricate network of interactions between bone marrow-resident clonal plasma cells and the microenvironment. Over the last years, dramatic improvement in the understanding of these pathways led to the introduction of novel drugs with immune-mediated mechanisms of action. Some of these compounds, such as the anti-cd38 daratumumab and isatuximab, the anti-slamf-7 elotuzumab, and the antibody-drug conjugate belantamab-mafodotin, have been tested in large clinical trials and have now fully entered the real-life management

Targeted Therapies for Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma continues to be a challenging disorder to treat despite improved therapies and the widespread use of proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs. Although patient outcomes have improved, the disease continues to invariably relapse, and in the majority of cases, a cure remains elusive. In the last decade, there has been an explosion of novel drugs targeting cellular proteins essential for malignant plasma cell proliferation and survival. In this review, we focus on novel druggable targets leading to the development of monoclonal antibodies and cellular therapies against su

The clinical management of lenalidomide-based therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma.

Lenalidomide is an integral, yet evolving, part of current treatment pathways for both transplant-eligible and transplant-ineligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). It is approved in combination with dexamethasone as first-line therapy for transplant-ineligible patients with NDMM, and as maintenance treatment following autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Although strong clinical trial evidence has supported the integration of lenalidomide into current treatment paradigms for NDMM, applying those paradigms to individual patients and determining which patients are

The Development of Novel Therapies for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia in the Era of Targeted Drugs.

Over the past decade, chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) treatment has shifted from chemoimmunotherapy to targeted oral agents, predominantly Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis) and the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax. These therapies have significantly improved outcomes and are now established as first-line treatment options. However, CLL remains incurable, and resistance or intolerance to both drug classes (double-refractory disease) is an emerging challenge. This has driven the development of novel therapeutic strategies, including non-covalent BTKis such as pirtobrutinib and nemtabruti

Treatment Discontinuation After Achieving MRD Negativity in Multiple Myeloma in the Pre-BCMA Era: A Prospective, Single-Centre Study.

OBJECTIVES: Minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) negativity in multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with favourable outcomes; nonetheless, evidence supporting treatment discontinuation remains limited. We evaluated the feasibility of discontinuing antimyeloma therapy in patients with MRD negativity. METHODS: We analysed 41 patients who discontinued therapy after achieving MRD negativity at the 10-5 level in the bone marrow (BM) and on imaging studies. Treatment regimens and lines of therapy were not prespecified. After discontinuation, patients were monitored with periodic MRD assessments

Воздействие почечной гистологии и выбора лечения на выживание пациентов с множественной миеломой.

Участие почек в пациентах с множественной миеломой имеет множество различных результатов в гистологии почек. Одной из основных причин смертности является потребность в постоянном диализе. Для предотвращения необходимости диализа и сокращения смертности необходимо быстрое начало современной терапии миэломы. СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Острые последствия или последствия CKD 20%-40% пациентов с множественной миеломой (ММ). Несмотря на то, что был установлен негативный прогнозный эффект участия почек, конкретные последствия различных гистологических моделей остаются недостаточно понятными. Мы стремилис

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… Bortezomib-based triplets are associated with a high probability of dialysis independence and rapid renal recovery in newly diagnosed myeloma patients with severe renal failure or those requiring dialysis. Am J Hematol. 2016;91(5):499–502. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24335 9. …

Прямая вторая аутологическая трансплантация стволовой клетки Versus Редукция после Трансплантации в Replaned Multieloma: Multicenter Real-World Study.

Справочная информация: Остается неясным, должны ли пациенты с повторной миеломой (ММ) перейти непосредственно на вторую аутологическую трансплантацию стволовых клеток (ASCT2) или пройти химиотерапию перед введением. В реальной практике распределение услуг по лечению является весьма разнородным, и сравнительные данные о воздействии pre-ASCT2 Стратегия обеспечения выживания носит ограниченный характер, отчасти потому, что ASCT2 резервируется за отдельными пациентами и не выполняется на регулярной основе во всех случаях рецидива MM. Мы стремились оценить реальные результаты ACT2, полученные либо

Множественная миелома среди детей и молодых взрослых: систематический обзор литературы.

Множественная миелома (ММ) крайне редко встречается у педиатров и молодых взрослых людей, а ее клинические характеристики, терапевтические стратегии и результаты по-прежнему плохо определены. Этот систематический обзор объединяет все опубликованные случаи MM у пациентов в возрасте ≤ 25 лет, с тем чтобы определить эпидемиологию, представление, лечение и терауптические результаты. В Пубмеде до 31 декабря 2024 года был проведен систематический поиск литературы в целях выявления сообщений о случаях заболевания и серии MM у пациентов ≤ 25 лет. Исключаются статьи, в которых отсутствуют данные по кон

Retrospective Study to Compare Outcomes in 159 Patients Undergoing First Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Myeloma Treated with Melphalan 140 mg/m² or 200 mg/m².

BACKGROUND The standard conditioning regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) is 200 mg/m² of melphalan (Mel200). Dosing is reduced by 30% (Mel140) in frail patients. Studies comparing the performance of these regimens report inconsistent findings, mainly confounded by non-consecutive patient inclusion, missing data, and heterogenous practices. The largest study reported an increased risk of death with Mel200 among patients with very good partial remission, or better, before ASCT. This retrospective study from a single center compared outcomes of patient

Бремя костных заболеваний не влияет на общее выживание вновь диагностированных пациентов с множественной миеломой - единый центр, ретроспективный анализ изображений 119 Пациенты.

Множественная миелома (ММ) часто вызывает миеломное заболевание костей (МБД), проявляющееся в остеолитических повреждениях и событиях, связанных с скелетами (СР), что существенно снижает качество жизни и повышает заболеваемость. Низкая доза для всего тела (WBLDT) стала стандартом для оценки участия костей в диагностике, однако ее прогнозируемое значение остается неясным. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы оценить нагрузку МБМР на вновь диагностированных пациентов ММ с использованием WBLDT и изучить связи между характеристиками изображений и результатами выживаемости.МЕТОДЫ: В этом р

Nation-Wide Retrospective Analysis of Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Multiple Myeloma: A Study from Korean Multiple Myeloma Working Party (KMM1913).

PurposeThe role of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment remains controversial. We conducted a retrospective, multicenter, nationwide study in Korea to evaluate the outcomes of alloSCT in Asian patients with MM.Materials and methodsOverall, 109 patients with MM who underwent alloSCT between 2003 and 2020 were included in this study. Data were collected from the Korean Multiple Myeloma Working Party Registry.ResultsThe overall response rate and stringent complete response plus complete response (CR) rates were 67.0 and 46.8%, respectively, after alloS

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… Recently, new drugs have been combined in triplets or quadruplets, including second-generation IMiDs lenalidomide, second-generation proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib, monoclonal antibodies against CD38, SLAM7, and BCMA induction therapy, and subsequently consolidated with ASCT as well as maintenance …

Cancer immunity and immunotherapy beyond COVID-19.

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Cyclophosphamide, Bortezomib, and Dexamethasone Consolidation in Patients with Multiple Myeloma after Stem Cell Transplantation: The KMM130 Study.

PurposeA three-drug combination of cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone (CVD) shows significant efficacy and manageable toxicity as induction therapy in patients with multiple myeloma.Materials and methodsIn this phase II study, we enrolled 45 patients who achieved a very good partial response (VGPR) or partial response (PR) after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of CVD consolidation. CVD consolidation comprised three cycles of cyclophosphamide 300 mg/m2 orally on days 1, 8, and 15, and bortezomib 1.3 mg/m2 subcutaneously on days 1,

Multiple Myeloma and Kidney Impairment at Diagnosis: A Nephrological Perspective from an Eastern European Country.

Background and Objectives: The clinical presentation and survival factors in patients with myeloma-related kidney impairment (MRKI) at diagnosis remain a topic of ongoing research, given the complex interplay between nephrology and hematology. To date, no studies have specifically reported outcomes for these patients in Eastern Europe. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, unicentric study of consecutive newly diagnosed patients with MRKI in our tertiary nephrology service in Romania between 2015 and 2020; follow-up extended until 1 September 2022, covering a study period of 90

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Bortezomib-based triplets are associated with a high probability of dialysis independence and rapid renal recovery in newly diagnosed myeloma patients with severe renal failure or those requiring dialysis. Am. J. Hematol. 2016;91:499–502. doi: 10.1002/ajh.24335. 9. …

Radiomics Models Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Prediction of the Response to Bortezomib-Based Therapy in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.

PurposeTo identify significant radiomics features based on MRI and establish effective models for predicting the response to bortezomib-based regimens.Materials and methodsIn total, 95 MM patients treated with bortezomib-based therapy were enrolled, including 77 with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (BCD) and 18 with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (VRD). Based on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and T2-weighted imaging with fat suppression (T2WI-fs), radiomics features were extracted and then selected. The random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbor, support vector machine, lo

"Friends and foes" of multiple myeloma measurable/minimal residual disease evaluation by next generation flow.

Next Generation Flow (NGF) represents a gold standard for the evaluation of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients at any stage of treatment. Although the assessment of MRD is still not universally employed in clinical practice, numerous studies have demonstrated the strength of MRD as a reliable predictor of long-term outcome, and its potential to supersede the prognostic value of CR. The possibility to acquire millions of events, in combination with the use of standard reagents and a good expertise in the analysis of rare populations, led to high chance of success a

Sex Differences in Multiple Myeloma Biology but not Clinical Outcomes: Results from 3894 Patients in the Myeloma XI Trial.

BackgroundSex differences in the incidence and outcomes of several cancers are well established. Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant plasma cell dyscrasia accounting for 2% of all new cancer cases in the UK. There is a clear sex disparity in MM incidence, with 57% of cases in males and 43% in females. The mechanisms behind this are not well understood and the impact of sex on patient outcomes has not been thoroughly explored.Patients and methodsWe investigated the association of sex with baseline disease characteristics and outcome in 3894 patients recruited to the phase III UK NCRI Myeloma X

Phase I/II trial of bendamustine, ixazomib, and dexamethasone in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

In this phase I/II trial, BID, bendamustine (70, 80, or 90 mg/m2), ixazomib (4 mg), and dexamethasone (40 mg), was administered to 28 patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) exposed to bortezomib and lenalidomide and refractory to at least one. A 3 + 3 dose escalation based on dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) was employed in phase I (total 15); 2/6 patients developed DLTs (neutropenia and thrombocytopenia) at dose level 3 establishing the recommended phase II dose as bendamustine 80 mg/m2, ixazomib 4 mg, and dexamethasone 40 mg. The median age was 67 years (range, 42-72