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Folate and Its Impact on Cancer Risk.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Research has evaluated the potential impact of folate on cancer risk with conflicting findings. Studies have demonstrated increased risk, no effect, and decreased risk. This review summarizes findings of mixed results between folate intake, serum levels, gene polymorphisms, and cancer risk based on meta-analyses from the past five years. RECENT FINDING: Low or deficient folate status is associated with increased risk of many cancers. Folic acid supplementation and higher serum levels are associated with increased risk of prostate cancer. Gene polymorphisms may impact risk i

Anaemia, folate, zinc and copper deficiencies among adolescent schoolgirls in eastern Sudan.

Anaemia is a widespread problem especially in the tropics. Among adolescent girls, it has negative consequences on growth, school performance, morbidity and reproductive performance. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of anaemia, iron, folate, zinc and copper deficiencies amongst adolescent schoolgirls in New Halfa, eastern Sudan, and to examine the relationship of these micronutrients with haemoglobin (Hb) levels. Out of 187 adolescent schoolgirls, 181 (96.8%) had anaemia (Hb<12 g/dl); 21% had mild anaemia (Hb 11.0-11.9 g/dl); 66.8.1% had moderate anaemia (Hb

The role of folate in depression and dementia.

Adequate levels of folate are crucial for proper brain and body functioning. Folate deficiencies may lead to an increased risk of depression and poorer antidepressant treatment outcomes, as well as an increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia. In 1996, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration mandated fortification of grain products with folic acid, which has brought about vast reductions in folate deficiency. However, folate deficiencies may be caused by improper absorption and utilization, often due to genetic polymorphisms. Individuals, therefore, can have insufficient levels or lack

Folate deficiency in Crohn's disease.

There are several causes for folate deficiency in Crohn's disease: malnutrition, malabsorption, excess folate utilization and medications. A combination of these factors may be responsible for the deficiency of this vitamin in some cases.

Response to letter: folate deficiency in Crohn's disease.

Folate deficiency in patients with Crohn's disease may be due to a combination of factors: poor diet, malabsorption, increased requirements due to inflammation of the mucosa, and the taking of certain drugs as sulfasalazine and methotrexate. A significant proportion of patients with Crohn's disease suffer from folate deficiency, suggesting that regular screening should be performed.

Isolated optic neuropathy due to folate deficiency with associated iron overload.

Isolated optic neuropathy due to folate deficiency is rarely reported. Poor dietary practices, malabsorption, and tobacco/alcohol abuse are usually responsible. We examined a patient with blinding optic neuropathies and isolated folic acid deficiency. Visual acuity recovered after folate replacement. At the same time, serological investigation revealed high ferritin and iron saturation levels with negative genetic markers for haemochromatosis consistent with the diagnosis of iron overload syndrome. There are no reports of blindness associated with iron overload syndrome.

Nutritional interpretation of folic acid interventions.

Folate is an essential micronutrient, and its nutritional inadequacy is widespread; hence, programs to increase its intake are necessary. However, many concerns about possible adverse effects due to excesses have been raised. Serum folate levels are directly correlated with intake and, when low, are associated with neural tube defects (NTD), high blood homocysteine levels, and megaloblastic anemia. Serum folate cutoff points have been identified for each abnormality, and all can be associated with intakes related to the current recommended dietary parameters. Likewise, high intakes that overwh

Drugs and folate metabolism.

Folates are a group of compounds which are required in the diet and are important in DNA, amino acids and possibly also amine metabolism. The biologically active folates are in the tetrahydro form. Tetrahydrofolates are produced from unreduced dietary folates by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. A number of drugs such as aminopterin, methotrexate (amethopterin), pyrimethamine, trimethoprim and triamterene act as folate antagonists and produce folate deficiency by inhibiting this enzyme. With other drugs which produce low serum and tissue concentrations of folate such as anticonvulsants, anti

Reduced circulating folate among older adults caused by continuous work: nested cross-sectional study conducted in a country with folic acid fortification program.

Population aging is 1 of the biggest challenges facing public health today, and cognitive dysfunction is an important concern. Cognitive impairment may be associated with high folate concentrations and low vitamin B12 concentrations; the latter is a common problem among elderly people. Therefore, we hypothesized there was a high circulating folate concentration among older people living in a country with a mandatory folic acid fortification program. We conducted a cross-sectional study to investigate nutritional status of folate and vitamin B12 among aged people. Three dietary recalls, serum f

Vitamin/mineral and micronutrient status in patients with classical phenylketonuria.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Strict low-phenylalanine diet is associated with an increased risk of developing micronutrient deficiencies in patients with phenylketonuria (PKU). The primary objective of this single-center, case-control study was to assess the nutritional parameters of patients with PKU on strict low-phenylalanine diet without vitamin and mineral supplementation compared to a healthy control group. Secondary objective was to identify the adequacy of vitamin/mineral supplementation in phenylalanine-free (Phe-free) amino acid formulas. METHODS: A total of 112 age- and sex-matched patients

Воздействие питательных микроэлементов на результаты беременности в развивающихся странах: систематический обзор и метаанализ.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: В развивающихся странах по-прежнему относительно высоки показатели низкой беременности. Недостаток питательных микроэлементов относится к числу факторов, которые играют определенную роль в определении негативных последствий беременности. Цель настоящего исследования заключается в изучении роли дефицита питательных микроэлементов в неудовлетворительных результатах беременности и их связи с здоровьем новорожденных.МЕТОД: Для этого обзора был проведен систематический поиск с использованием программы &quot; Харзинг периш &quot; и публикация программного обеспечения, а также

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… A common cause of anemia during pregnancy is iron and folic acid deficiency, which also leads to poor pregnancy outcomes [ 14 ]. Pregnancy increases the demand for iron and folic acid to meet the growing fetus’s requirements. … Folic acid deficiency causes neural tube defects (NTD), preeclampsia, preterm delivery, birth anomalies, and type 2 diabetes later in life [ 16 ]. Poor pregnancy outcomes remain a major public health concern in developing countries. …

Effect of Folic Acid Supplementation on Seizure Control in Epileptic Children Receiving Long Term Antiepileptic Therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of folic acid supplementation on seizure control in folate deficient children receiving long term antiepileptic therapy. METHODS: In a prospective interventional study, 140 children between age group 6 mo to 180 mo fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in study group, from October 2015 through November 2016. On the basis of serum folate, study group was divided into two subgroups by non randomization: Group A (<10 ng/ml) given folic acid supplementation for 3 mo and Group B (>10 ng/ml) was not supplemented. Response to folic acid supplementation in