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Treatment of methimazole-induced severe aplastic anemia with recombinant human granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor and glucocorticosteroids.

The in vivo response to recombinant human granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor (rHu GM-CSF) in facilitating the reconstitution of granulomonopoiesis was evaluated in a patient with Graves' disease who developed severe aplastic anemia during methimazole therapy. After 10 days of treatment with rHu GM-CSF, the neutrophil and monocyte counts rose to 1.65 x 10(9)/l and 0.41 x 10(9)/l, respectively. However, the patient was still dependent on erythrocyte and platelet transfusions. Two days after rHu GM-CSF withdrawal, the neutrophil count dropped off to 0.41 x 10(9)/l.rHu GM-CSF was reini

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor to prevent dose-limiting neutropenia in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a randomized controlled trial.

The effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on neutropenia, infection, and cytotoxic chemotherapy administration was studied in a randomized trial in patients receiving intensive weekly chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Eighty patients (aged 16 to 71 years) with high-grade NHL (Kiel) of any stage were randomized to receive VAPEC-B chemotherapy alone (39 patients) or with G-CSF administered as a daily subcutaneous dose of 230 micrograms/m2 (41 patients). Prophylactic ketoconazole and cotrimoxazole were administered to all patients throughout treatment. The protocol …

The effect of macrophage-colony stimulating factor and other humoral factors (interleukin-1, -3, -6, and -11, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor) on human osteoclast formation from circulating cells.

Macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) is an essential requirement for human osteoclast formation, but its effect on the proliferation and differentiation of circulating osteoclast precursor cells is unknown. Other growth factors and cytokines are also known to support/stimulate osteoclast formation from mouse marrow precursors, but it is not certain whether these factors similarly influence human osteoclast formation. In this study, human monocytes were cocultured with osteoblast-like UMR-106 cells on coverslips and dentine slices for up to 21 days in the presence of 1,25 dihydroxyvitam

Production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in granulocytopenic mice with pulmonary candidiasis and its modification with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

In the present study, a lethal model of pulmonary candidiasis was established using granulocytopenic mice with cyclophosphamide. These mice … quantity was under the detection limit in serum and very low in BALF. The effects of administering granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on these parameters were next examined. G-CSF significantly prolonged the survival time of granulocytopenic mice, promoted the clearance of organisms through increasing the counts of PMN in the lung, and strongly inhibited the production of …

Clinical safety of biosimilar recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factors.

INTRODUCTION: A 'biosimilar', or 'similar biological medicinal product', is a biologic agent that is similar in terms of quality, safety and efficacy to an authorized reference biological medicine. Since the expiration of the filgrastim patent in Europe, three agents have received marketing authorization from the EMA: Tevagrastim, Zarzio and Nivestim. Tevagrastim has also been approved as a biologic by the FDA as tbo-filgrastim. AREAS COVERED: Using the EMA dossiers (all three agents), the FDA dossier (Tevagrastim), and journal publications, this article reviews clinical safety data for these

Therapeutic role of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and aspirin in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), the loss of two or more clinically confirmed pregnancies, is observed in approximately 1%-5% of couples trying to conceive. Immune dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor. This study evaluated pregnancy outcomes among women with unexplained RPL treated with combined recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and low-dose aspirin, while acknowledging that the evidence base for rhG-CSF in unexplained RPL remains uncertain. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 300 women aged 18-45 years with at least two

Formulation and In Vitro Characterization of Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating-Factor-Loaded Liposomes: Future Prospective in Reproductive Medicine.

Drug delivery systems enhance drug efficacy while minimizing side effects. Liposomes, as well-studied and clinically approved carriers, offer biodegradability, biocompatibility, and low toxicity, making them suitable for delivering various pharmacological agents. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a key growth factor, has shown therapeutic potential, particularly in infertility treatment. It effectively manages chronic and refractory endometritis by improving endometrial receptivity and increasing embryo implantation success. Studies indicate that G-CSF promotes endometrial growth …

An IL-6 inhibitor subsides iatrogenic aortitis induced by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor without interruption of chemotherapy.

Recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is widely used for primary or secondary leukopenia induced by chemotherapy with strong anticancer drugs. Recently, there have been rare but accumulating cases of aortitis in patients receiving G-CSF agents, which are usually treated with glucocorticoids. Here, we report a case of G-CSF-induced aortitis complicated with intensive chemotherapy for Ewing's sarcoma, which was successfully treated with one bolus of intravenous tocilizumab, an anti-interleukin-6 inhibitor, resulting in early suppression of aortic inflammation and prompt

Association of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Treatment with Risk of Brain Metastasis in Advanced Stage Breast Cancer.

The routine use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) is not recommended for the prevention or treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia or febrile neutropenia because risks associated with certain types of cancers, distant organ metastases, and primary tumor growth cannot be excluded. We examined the association between GCSF use and the incidence of brain metastasis (BM), as well as BM-free survival (BMFS). This retrospective cohort study included 121 stage IV breast cancer patients without confirmed BM at the time of diagnosis and who received at least one course of systematic …

T Helper Cells Producing Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor as a Risk Marker for Coronary Heart Disease.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is related to aberrant aggregation of immune cells in the plaques. This study focused on identification of abnormal T cell subtypes and inflammatory factors in CHD patients. To this end, the subtypes of T cells in peripheral blood of CHD patients (n=141) and healthy controls (n=46) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma concentrations of cytokines were analyzed by multiplex assay. It was shown that the number of T helper cells producing granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF) was higher in CHD patients in comparison with healthy controls. In addition, the fractions of

Protective effects of engineered Lactobacillus johnsonii expressing bovine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on bovine postpartum endometritis.

INTRODUCTION: Postpartum endometritis is a prevalent reproductive disorder in bovines, leading to a prolonged open period, infertility, and other complications. While Lactobacillus strains can mitigate these conditions by reducing uterine inflammation, their effectiveness is limited due to a lack of direct anti microbial action and extended treatment duration. This study aimed to construct a recombinant Lactobacillus johnsonii strain expressing bovine Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to evaluate its potential in reducing postpartum uterine inflammation. METHODS: The r

A case of resected anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas producing granulocyte-colony stimulating factor with literature review.

BACKGROUND: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing tumors have been reported in various organs, and the prognosis of patients with G-CSF-producing pancreatic cancers is particularly dismal. In this report, we present a case of G-CSF-producing anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas (ACP), characterized by early postoperative recurrence and rapid, uncontrolled growth. CASE PRESENTATION: A 74-year-old man presented to our hospital with complaints of abdominal fullness and pain after eating. On admission, it was observed that the peripheral leukocyte counts and serum G-CSF levels w…

Reparative, Neuroprotective and Anti-neurodegenerative Effects of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in Radiation-Induced Brain Injury Model.

OBJECTIVE: This animal model aimed to compare the rat group that received brain irradiation and did not receive additional treatment (only saline) and the rat group that underwent brain irradiation and received Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment. In addition, the effects of G-CSF on brain functions were examined by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and histopathologically. METHODS: This study used 24 female Wistar albino rats. Drug administration (saline or G-CSF) was started at the beginning of the study and continued for 15 days after whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). WBRT

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-induced aortitis in a patient undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used to prevent febrile neutropenia post chemotherapy. Usually well tolerated with minimal side effects but aortitis is an extremely rare side effect previously reported. A 64-year-old woman treated with adjuvant chemotherapy including G-CSF for left breast cancer was admitted with fevers, neutropenia and markedly raised inflammatory markers after 7 days of her first cycle. Initially diagnosed with neutropenic sepsis, she did not respond to broad spectrum antibiotics with subsequent CT imaging revealing marked periaortic inflammatory changes con

Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on toxicities after CAR T cell therapy for lymphoma and myeloma.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T) are groundbreaking therapies but may cause significant toxicities including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and cytopenias. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is often used to mitigate neutropenia after CAR T, but there is no consensus recommended strategy due to hypothesized, but largely unknown risks of exacerbating toxicities. To investigate the impact of G-CSF, we retrospectively analyzed 197 patients treated with anti-CD19 CAR T for lymphoma and 47 patients treated with an…

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-triggered innate immune tolerance against chronic stress-induced behavioral abnormalities in mice.

Pre-stimulation of the innate immune is considered a potential strategy to prevent chronic stress-induced behavioral abnormalities in animals. In this study, we investigated whether granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), an immunostimulant used in the clinic to treat diseases of the hematopoietic system, can prevent chronic stress-induced behavioral abnormalities in mice. Our results showed that a single intraperitoneal injection of GM-CSF (100 μg/kg) one day before stress exposure prevented the depression- and anxiety-like behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress

Antibiotic Prophylaxis or Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Support in Multiple Myeloma Patients Undergoing Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation.

We compare, in this manuscript, antibiotic prophylaxis versus granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) support as anti-infective strategies, in patients with multiple myeloma (MM), undergoing high-dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (HDT/ASCT). At our institution, antibiotic prophylaxis after HDT/ASCT in MM was stopped in January 2017 and replaced by G-CSF support in March 2017. Consecutive MM patients who received HDT/ASCT between March 2016 and July 2018 were included in this single-center retrospective analysis. In total, 298 patients and 353 individual cases

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… The application of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) after HDT/ASCT represents an alternative anti-infective strategy. … Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Accelerates Neutrophil Engraftment Following Peripheral-Blood Stem-Cell Transplantation: A Prospective, Randomized Trial. J. Clin. Oncol. 2016;13:1323–1327. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.6.1323. 28. …

Risk factors for neutropenic fever in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients with primary granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prophylaxis.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Febrile neutropenia (FN) interferes with the proper chemotherapy dose density or intensity in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients. Chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) ± rituximab has an intermediate FN risk. Prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support is recommended for patients with other host-related risk factors. METHODS: We evaluated the risk factors for FN-related admission in NHL patients who have received primary G-CSF (lenograstim) prophylaxis. RESULTS: Data from 148 patients were analyzed. The …

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for alcoholic hepatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment has been proposed as a therapeutic option for patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (AH). The aim of this study was to synthesise available evidence on the efficacy of G-CSF in AH. METHODS: This is a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials evaluating the risk of death at 90 days and the risk of infection. RESULTS: Seven studies were included. Of a total of 396 patients, 336 had AH, 197 patients were treated with G-CSF, and 199 received placebo or pentoxifylline. In overall meta-analysis, G-CSF therapy was ass…