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Antitumorigenic Evaluation of Thalidomide Alone and in Combination with Cisplatin in DBA2/J Mice.

Thalidomide's reported ability to inhibit angiogenesis has led to clinical trials determining its effectiveness in combating various types of cancer. This study explored thalidomide's antitumorigenic potential when administered alone and in combination with cisplatin to DBA2/J mice whose tumors were induced by murine erythroleukemic cells. Thalidomide treatment alone produced no significant inhibitory effect on tumor development and metastasis. Mice that received both drugs had significantly lower incidences of both primary and secondary tumors as compared to the untreated control group. Cispl

Ayurvedic perspective of dietary risk factors of colorectal cancers - A hospital-based case control study.

BackgroundThe rising prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be attributed to various nutritional and behavioural factors, making both factors as important topics for discussion to the layman and the oncology community.ObjectiveTo explore additional dietary risk factors, other than those already known, according to the Ayurvedic perspective in CRC patients.MethodsDetail dietary data was collected from 420 patients of CRC and 116 healthy volunteers registered at our institute with the help of a food frequency questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was done by plotting radar charts, whereas the l

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… Mutagenicity and mutagens of the red chili pepper as gallbladder cancer risk factor in Chilean women. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev APJCP. 2011;12:471–476. 33. Hsu C.C., Chow W.-H., Boffetta P., Moore L., Zaridze D., Moukeria A., et al. …

Practical guidance for the management of inflammatory bowel disease in patients with cancer. Which treatment?

Clinicians involved in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increasingly come across patients with current or previous history of malignancies. With increasing and earlier use of immunosuppression and biologics in IBD patients, the question arises whether these treatments further increase the risk of new or recurrent cancers. A number of population-based observational studies have now reported the odds of development of new or recurrent cancers with thiopurines and antitumour necrosis factors (anti-TNFs). These data combined with data arising from treatment registries from other i

Curcumin: An age-old anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic agent.

Curcumin is a natural anti-inflammatory agent that has been used for treating medical conditions for many years. Several experimental and pharmacologic trials have demonstrated its efficacy in the role as an anti-inflammatory agent. Curcumin has been shown to be effective in treating chronic conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, Alzheimer's and common malignancies like colon, stomach, lung, breast, and skin cancers. As treatments in medicine become more and more complex, the answer may be something simpler. This is a review article written with the objective to syst

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… One study demonstrated in 16 chronic smokers, in addition to 6 non-smokers as control, that when given 1.5 g curcumin a day for 30 days, there was a significant reduction in urinary mutagens found, whereas in the control group there was no change in the excretion of mutagens that was observed. … Effect of turmeric on urinary mutagens in smokers Mutagenesis 7 2 1992 107 109 1579064 10.1093/mutage/7.2.107 40 Jemal A. Siegel R. Ward E. Cancer statistics, 2008 CA Cancer J Clin 58 2 2008 71 96 18287387 10.3322/CA.2007.0010 41 Todaro M. Francipane M.G. Medema J.P. Stassi G. …

Апиген как потенциальный модулятор нейроинфламмации в многоразовом склерозе: обзор.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое воспалительное заболевание центральной нервной системы (CNS), характеризующееся нейроинфламмацией и обезвоживанием. Несмотря на то, что в течение последнего десятилетия расширились возможности лечения MS, нынешняя терапия направлена главным образом на периферийные иммунные системы и часто связана со значительными побочными эффектами. Кроме того, эта терапия до сих пор не предлагает решений для последующего нейродегенерации, сопровождающего развитие болезни. Результаты исследований, проведенных с использованием клеточных и животных моделей и исследований

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of p-Nitrobenzoic Acid (CAS No. 62-23-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

p-Nitrobenzoic acid is produced in large volumes for organic synthesis and as an intermediate in the manufacture of pesticides, dyes, and industrial solvents. Groups of male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were exposed to p-nitrobenzoic acid (>99% pure) in feed for 14 days, 13 weeks, or 2 years for toxicity and carcinogenicity studies. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in in vitro assays with Salmonella typhimurium and cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells, and in studies of erythrocyte micronucleus formation in mice in the 13-week study. 14-DAY STUDY IN RATS: Groups of five male

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Pentachloroanisole (CAS No. 1825-21-4) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

Pentachloroanisole is a chlorinated aromatic compound which is widely distributed at low levels in the environment and in food products. Formation of pentachloroanisole in the environment may result from the degradation of structurally related, commercially important, ubiquitous chlorinated aromatic compounds such as pentachlorophenol and pentachloronitrobenzene which are known rodent toxins or carcinogens. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering pentachloroanisole (>99% pure) in corn oil by gavage to groups of male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice for 16 da

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of o-Nitroanisole (CAS No. 91-23-6) in F344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

o-Nitroanisole is used as an intermediate for the preparation of o-anisidine and in the manufacture of azo dyes. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering o-nitroanisole (>99% pure) in the diet to groups of male and female F344 rats and B6C3F1 mice for 14 days, 13 weeks, and 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, Chinese hamster ovary cells, and mouse lymphoma cells. 14-DAY STUDIES: Groups of five male and five female F344 rats received diets containing 0, 583, 1,166, 2,332, 4,665, or 9,330 ppm o-nitroanisole. Mean body weight

Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated.

IntroductionPesticides pose a risk for cancer development and progression. People are continuously exposed to such substances by several routes, including daily intake of contaminated food and water, especially in countries that are highly pesticide consumers and have very permissive legislation about pesticide contamination as Brazil. This work investigated the relationship among pesticides, food contamination, and dietary cancer risk.MethodsAnalyzed two social reports from the Brazilian Government: the Program for Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Food (PARA) and The National Program for

Selenium Compounds as Novel Potential Anticancer Agents.

The high number of new cancer incidences and the associated mortality continue to be alarming, leading to the search for new therapies that would be more effective and less burdensome for patients. As there is evidence that Se compounds can have chemopreventive activity, studies have begun to establish whether these compounds can also affect already existing cancers. This review aims to discuss the different classes of Se-containing compounds, both organic and inorganic, natural and synthetic, and the mechanisms and molecular targets of their anticancer activity. The chemical classes discussed

Perspective Applications and Associated Challenges of Using Nanocellulose in Treating Bone-Related Diseases.

Bone serves to maintain the shape of the human body due to its hard and solid nature. A loss or weakening of bone tissues, such as in case of traumatic injury, diseases (e.g., osteosarcoma), or old age, adversely affects the individuals quality of life. Although bone has the innate ability to remodel and regenerate in case of small damage or a crack, a loss of a large volume of bone in case of a traumatic injury requires the restoration of bone function by adopting different biophysical approaches and chemotherapies as well as a surgical reconstruction. Compared to the biophysical and chemothe

Transferrin-Bound Doxorubicin Enhances Apoptosis and DNA Damage through the Generation of Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Human Leukemia Cells.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective antineoplastic drug against many solid tumors and hematological malignancies. However, the clinical use of DOX is limited, because of its unspecific mode of action. Since leukemia cells overexpress transferrin (Tf) receptors on their surface, we proposed doxorubicin-transferrin (DOX-Tf) conjugate as a new vehicle to increase drug concentration directly in cancer cells. The data obtained after experiments performed on K562 and CCRF-CEM human leukemia cell lines clearly indicate severe cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of the conjugate drug. On the other hand,

Probiotics: Potential Benefits and Safety in Hematological Malignancies.

Cancer remains one of the most significant global health challenges, with increasing incidence and mortality rates and a substantial socioeconomic burden. Traditional cancer treatments such as chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation therapies, while effective, have significant adverse effects on the body, prompting the search for less invasive treatment options. In recent years, probiotics have emerged as a promising alternative in the prevention and treatment of cancer and its associated complications, especially in gastrointestinal malignancies. Probiotics have been found to have several benefi

Two novel mutations, Q1053H and C1060R, located in the D3 domain of von Willebrand factor, are responsible for decreased FVIII-binding capacity.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital anomalies (CAs) represent one of the main cause of foetal death, infant mortality and morbidity, and long-term disability. CAs have been object of systematic registration activity for a long-time in many geographical areas in Europe and worldwide. CAs are often associated with disabilities of different types and severity, including the developed Countries worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), each year approximately 3,2 million of children worldwide are born with a CA and approximately 300,000 newborns with a diagnosis of birth defect die within

NTP technical report on the toxicity studies of p-tert-butylcatechol (CAS No. 98-29-3) administered in feed to F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice.

[molecular structure: see text] p-tert-Butylcatechol is used as an antioxidant, stabilizer, and polymerization inhibitor for styrene, butadiene, neoprene, and other olefins and reactive monomers. p-tert-Butylcatechol was nominated by the National Cancer Institute and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for testing based on reports of its increasing levels of production and use and to compare the toxicity of p-tert-butylcatechol with that of similar antioxidants, butylated hydroxyanisole and butylated hydroxytoluene, which are added to food. Male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice were ex

Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of N,N-Dimethylaniline (CAS No. 121-69-7) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Gavage Studies).

N,N-Dimethylaniline is used as a chemical intermediate in the synthesis of dyestuffs. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering N,N-dimethylaniline (greater than 98% pure) in corn oil by gavage to groups of F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice of each sex for 2 weeks, 13 weeks, or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were conducted in Salmonella typhimurium, mouse lymphoma cells, and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Two-Week and Thirteen-Week Studies: In the 2-week studies, doses were 94-1,500 mg/kg; deaths of rats and mice were observed in groups given doses of 750 or 1,50

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Rotenone (CAS No. 83-79-4) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Feed Studies).

Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of rotenone (more than 98% pure), a pesticide, were conducted in B6C3F1 mice and F344/N rats for 14 days, 13 weeks, and 2 years. Results of the Fourteen-Day Studies: In the 14-day studies (dietary rotenone concentrations of 0-600 ppm in the first 14-day studies and 0-4,800 ppm in the second 14-day studies), rough hair coats and dose-related decreases in mean body weight gain were observed in rats. Rats fed diets containing rotenone at concentrations of 1,200 ppm or higher lost weight. No compound-related toxic effects were observed in mice. Results of the

Therapeutic Uses and Pharmacological Properties of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum): A Systematic Review.

BackgroundShallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a traditional plant species used throughout the world both for culinary purposes and as a folk remedy. To date (i.e., April 2022), there is no report on the main pharmacological activities exerted by shallot preparations and/or extracts.Scope and approachThe aim of this study was to comprehensively review the pharmacological activities exerted by shallot, with rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria based on the scientific rigor of studies. Prisma guidelines were followed to perform the literature search.Key findings and conclusionsThe literature

Repurposing Pharmaceuticals Previously Approved by Regulatory Agencies to Medically Counter Injuries Arising Either Early or Late Following Radiation Exposure.

The increasing risks of radiological or nuclear attacks or associated accidents have served to renew interest in developing radiation medical countermeasures. The development of prospective countermeasures and the subsequent gain of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval are invariably time consuming and expensive processes, especially in terms of generating essential human data. Due to the limited resources for drug development and the need for expedited drug approval, drug developers have turned, in part, to the strategy of repurposing agents for which safety and clinical data are alrea

Final report on the safety assessment of Glycyrrhetinic Acid, Potassium Glycyrrhetinate, Disodium Succinoyl Glycyrrhetinate, Glyceryl Glycyrrhetinate, Glycyrrhetinyl Stearate, Stearyl Glycyrrhetinate, Glycyrrhizic Acid, Ammonium Glycyrrhizate, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Disodium Glycyrrhizate, Trisodium Glycyrrhizate, Methyl Glycyrrhizate, and Potassium Glycyrrhizinate.

Glycyrrhetinic Acid and its salts and esters and Glycyrrhizic Acid and its salts and esters are cosmetic ingredients that function as flavoring agents or skin-conditioning agents - miscellaneous or both. These chemicals may be isolated from licorice plants. Glycyrrhetinc Acid is described as at least 98% pure, with 0.6% 24-OH-Glycyrrhetinic Acid, not more than 20 mu g/g of heavy metals and not more than 2 mu g/g of arsenic. Ammonium Glycyrrhizate has been found to be at least 98% pure and Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate has been found to be at least 95% pure. Glycyrrhetinic Acid is used in cosmetics