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Structural and Functional Characteristics of the Liver After Fractionated Local Electron Irradiation and Against the Background of Ascorbic Acid Administration.

Radiation-induced liver disease (RILD) remains a clinically significant complication of radiotherapy for malignant neoplasms of the liver an … assing direct DNA damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, NF-κB-mediated inflammation, cellular senescence, and TGF-β/Smad-driven fibrosis. The comparative dosimetric and radiobiological advantages of electron irradiation over photon therapy are discussed, with particular attention to intraoperative radiotherapy, FLASH, and very high-energy electron tech …

Запуск часов: цирадианская дисфункция ритма в когнитивной болезни.

Продолжительность жизни увеличивается так, что примерно через несколько десятилетий twenty в % населения мира, как ожидается, будет больше sixty возраст. В связи со старением населения во всем мире нейродегенеративные расстройства стали основной причиной инвалидности с слабоумием в настоящее время седьмой по величине причиной смерти во всем мире. Несмотря на многоплановые подходы к лечению заболеваний когнитивного действия, к которым относятся болезнь Альцгеймера и множественный склероз, нынешняя терапия в конечном счете не может остановить прогрессию заболеваний и в конечном итоге когнитивное

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Lifespan is increasing such that within a few decades approximately twenty percent of the world's population is expected to be greater than … at involve mammalian chronobiology with circadian rhythm clock genes and related pathways of aging, cellular senescence, oxidative stress, metabolic dysfunction, sleep fragmentation, apolipoprotein E, programmed cell death, silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, the gut microbiota, and gluc …

Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Promising Therapeutic Strategies.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia worldwide, and there are still no strategies to slow or prevent its clinical progression. Significant financial and research resources have been invested into studying the pathology of AD. However, its pathogenesis is not fully understood. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current understanding of AD pathogenesis, including classical hypotheses (amyloid cascade, tau pathology, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress), emerging mechanisms (cellular senescence, endoplasmic reticulum stress, ubiquitin-proteasome system dysfu…

Large-Scale Transcriptome Profiling and Network Pharmacology Analysis Reveal the Multi-Target Inhibitory Mechanism of Modified Guizhi Fuling Decoction in Prostate Cancer Cells.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the primary contributor to male cancer-related mortality and currently lacks effective treatment option … ptional analysis highlighted three pathways closely associated with PCa: the TNF signaling pathway, cellular senescence, and FoxO signaling pathway. Through the combination of network pharmacology and bioinformatics, we discovered four primary targets through which MGFD acts on PCa: AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), Caspase-8 (CASP8), Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 1 (C …

Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) Modulates Oxytocin Signaling Pathway via CALM3-mediated Calcium Signaling: A Protein-protein Interaction Network and Functional Enrichment Analysis.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-anxiety effects of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) by … tioning as a bottleneck regulator. Pathway analysis revealed flaxseed's influence on OXT signaling, cellular senescence, and the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase G (cGMP-PKG) pathway. NFATC4 downregulation suggested disinhibition of OXT signaling, while RAF1's role in MAPK cascades further supported anxiolytic effects. CONCLUSION: Flaxseed exe …

Synergistic reversal of inflammation-mediated degeneration in intervertebral discs: Phenylboric acid-grafted hyaluronic acid hydrogel as an anti-oxidative vehicle for Timp-3 delivery and promotion of extracellular matrix synthesis.

BACKGROUND: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is intricately linked to the aging process, wherein reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inf … exhibited negligible cytotoxicity, reduced ROS levels in the nucleus pulposus cells, and alleviated cellular senescence and apoptosis. In vivo, it decreased ROS accumulation, inflammatory M1 macrophages, matrix degradation, and neovascularization, significantly ameliorating IDD pathology. CONCLUSION: The synergistic action of ROS-responsive TIMP3 delivery markedly a …

Phosphate and Inflammation in Health and Kidney Disease.

Phosphate is emerging as an active mediator of oxidative stress and vascular injury in chronic kidney disease (CKD). This emerging pathophysiological framework, referred to as "Phosphatopathy", describes the systemic syndrome driven by chronic phosphate overload and characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, vascular calcification, cellular senescence, and metabolic imbalance. Beyond being a biochemical marker, phosphate overload triggers NOX-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS), activates Wnt/β-catenin and TGF-β signaling, and disrupts the FGF23-Klotho axis, pr…

Antioxidant PRDX3 gene therapy protects brain cells and prevents neurodegeneration in an animal model of Parkinson's disease.

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's Disease (PD), are a significant global health challenge with no effective therapies to cou … ith the mRVG9R-PRDX3 complex showed a clear reduction in PQ-induced PD symptomatology and prevented cellular senescence in the substantia nigra's neuronal population. The mRVG9R-PRDX3 gene therapy improved motor and cognitive functions in the PD animal model and demonstrated potential in protecting substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons from PQ-induced death.

Peripheral vascular dysfunction and the aging brain.

Aging is the greatest non-modifiable risk factor for most diseases, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which remain the leading cause … (e.g., "hallmarks" of aging), including chronic low-grade inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence and deregulated nutrient sensing contribute to excessive ROS production and are common to both peripheral and cerebral vascular dysfunction. Therefore, targeting these mechanisms to reduce ROS-related oxidative stress and improve peripheral and/or c …

The Ercc1-/Δ mouse model of XFE progeroid syndrome undergoes accelerated retinal degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of vision loss in older adults. AMD is caused by degeneration in the macula of the r … mice including morphological changes, elevated DNA damage markers (γ-H2AX and 53BP1), and increased cellular senescence in the neural retinal and RPE, as well as pathological angiogenesis. The RPE is essential for the metabolic health of photoreceptors. The RPE from Ercc1-/Δ mice displayed mitochondrial dysfunction causing a compensatory glycolytic shift, a character …

Comprehensive molecular analyses and experimental validation of CDCAs with potential implications in kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma prognosis.

Previous reports have revealed that the abnormal expression of the cell division cycle-associated gene family (CDCAs) is closely associated … ivision, and chromosome segregation and were involved in the cell cycle, p53 signaling pathway, and cellular senescence. We found that the expression of NUF2, CDCA2, CDCA5, and CBX2 was closely associated with the expression of lymphocytes, immunostimulatory molecules, immunoinhibitory molecules, and chemokines. In summary, NUF2, CDCA2, CDCA3, CDCA5, CBX2, CDCA7, and …

The ocular immunological alterations in the process of high-risk corneal transplantation rejection.

PURPOSE: This study aims to reveal the immunopathogenesis of the high-risk corneal transplantation using a comparative proteomic approach. METHODS: The immunological properties of ocular tissues (including corneal grafts, aqueous humour, and iris-ciliary body) were analysed using a high-risk rabbit corneal transplantation model employing a comparative proteomic approach. RESULTS: The corneal grafts revealed a dramatic increase in the immune response both at the early (postoperative day 7) and rejection stages, along with the appearance of transplantation stress-induced cellular senescence in…

Diosgenin inhibits prostate cancer progression by inducing UHRF1 protein degradation.

Prostate cancer (PCa) represents the second cause of cancer death in adult men. Aberrant overexpression of UHRF1 has been reported in severa … ression of such tumor suppressor genes as p21, p16 and LXN, thereby resulting in cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence and the inhibition of xenograft tumor growth. We here presented the first report that DSG specifically induced UHRF1 protein degradation, thereby revealing a novel anticancer mechanism of DSG. Altogether, this present study provided a promising stra …

Single-cell immune profiling of mouse liver aging reveals Cxcl2+ macrophages recruit neutrophils to aggravate liver injury.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Immune cells play a crucial role in liver aging. However, the impact of dynamic changes in the local immune microenvironment on age-related liver injury remains poorly understood. We aimed to characterize intrahepatic immune cells at different ages to investigate key mechanisms associated with liver aging. APPROACH AND RESULTS: We carried out single-cell RNA sequencing on mouse liver tissues at 4 different ages, namely, the newborn, suckling, young, and aged stages. The transcriptomic landscape, cellular classification, and intercellular communication were analyzed. We co

Establishment of Immortalized Human Endometriotic Stromal Cell Line from Ectopic Lesion of a Patient with Endometriosis.

Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease characterized by the growth of endometrial-like tissues containing endometrial s … s that maintained a proliferative state under passage culture conditions without mutagenesis during cellular senescence. The morphology and karyotype of ihOESCs were unchanged compared with those of hOESCs. Moreover, ihOESCs were continuously positive for vimentin and negative for E-cadherin expression. Following decidual stimuli and inflammatory responses, both hOES …

Echocardiographic evaluation of right heart failure which might be associated with DNA damage response in SU5416-hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension rat model.

Right heart failure is the leading cause of death in pulmonary hypertension (PH), and echocardiography is a commonly used tool for evaluatin … udy demonstrates that the structure and function of the RV begin to deteriorate with DNA damage and cellular senescence during the early stages of PH development.

A Comprehensive Discussion in Vaginal Cancer Based on Mechanisms, Treatments, Risk Factors and Prevention.

Vaginal cancer is a rare and uncommon disease that is rarely discussed. Although vaginal cancer traditionally occurs in older postmenopausal women, the incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancers is increasing in younger women. Cervical cancer cells contain high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 proteins and inhibiting HPV gene expression leads the cells to stop proliferating and enter senescence. As E6, and E7 protein promoted the carcinogenesis mechanism, and here not only regulate the cellular degradation of P53, and pRb but also enhances the cell proliferation

Clinical Biology of the Pituitary Adenoma.

All endocrine glands are susceptible to neoplastic growth, yet the health consequences of these neoplasms differ between endocrine tissues. … rapituitary signaling to promote benign cell proliferation associated with chromosomal instability. Cellular senescence acts as a mechanistic buffer protecting against malignant transformation, an extremely rare event. It is estimated that fewer than one-thousandth of all pituitary adenomas cause clinically significant disease. Adenomas variably and adversely affect …

Intense Pulsed Light Attenuates UV-Induced Hyperimmune Response and Pigmentation in Human Skin Cells.

The skin of an organism is affected by various environmental factors and fights against aging stress via mechanical and biochemical responses. Photoaging induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation is common and is the most vital factor in the senescence phenotype of skin, and so, suppression of UVB stress-induced damage is critical. To lessen the UVB-induced hyperimmune response and hyperpigmentation, we investigated the ameliorative effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) treatment on the photoaged phenotype of skin cells. Normal human epidermal keratinocytes and human epidermal melanocytes wer

Alzheimer's disease as a chronic maladaptive polyamine stress response.

Polyamines are nitrogen-rich polycationic ubiquitous bioactive molecules with diverse evolutionary-conserved functions. Their activity inter … adaptive following chronic noxious stimuli, especially in an aging organism. Furthermore, we regard cellular senescence as an adaptive response to stress and suggest that PSR plays a central role in age-related neurodegenerative diseases' pathogenesis. Our perspective on AD proposes an inclusive reassessment of the causal relationships between the classical hallmarks …