Результаты поиска

Immune System and DNA Repair Defects in Ovarian Cancer: Implications for Locoregional Approaches.

In the last few years, substantial progress has been made in the treatment of ovarian cancer, with increased knowledge about the biology of the disease. Ovarian cancer is a neoplasm strongly linked to defects in DNA repair mechanisms, where deficiency in the homologous recombination (HR) system results in a better response of ovarian cancers to therapy, whether platinum-based chemotherapy, anthracyclines, or poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. More recently, it has been demonstrated that different ovarian cancer histotypes may have different immunogenicity. Interestingly, defects i

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… NER consists of about 30 peptides and is involved in the repair of DNA with helix distorting damages, including that caused by UV light, environmental mutagens, and chemotherapeutic agents [ 28 ]. … Direct DNA repair of base alkylations lesions involves MGMT protein, which repairs the O 6 -methylguanine (highly mutagenic) and human AlkB homologues ( ALKBH1 , ALKBH2 , and ALKBH3 ). …

Hyperdiploid Multiple Myeloma with Novel Complex Structural Chromosome Abnormalities Associated with Poor Prognosis : A Rare Case Report.

Hyperdiploid multiple myeloma (MM) is associated with better prognosis and non-hyperdiploid subtype is associated with variable to adverse prognosis based on the nature of karyotype abnormality.  Rarely exceptions to this hyperdiploid and non-hyperdiploid divisions do exist in a minority. We report an adult male MM patient who showed hyperdiploid karyotype with few novel complex abnormalities and who showed poor clinical outcome. Conventional cytogenetic analysis carried out in 22 GTG banded metaphases showed 53,Y,der(X)t(X;22)(q27;q11.2),+3,+5,+6,+9,+11,+15,der(17)ins(17;1;3)(q11.2;?;?),der(1

Special Issue "Anticancer Drugs".

The focus of this Special Issue of Pharmaceuticals is on the design, synthesis, and molecular mechanism of action of novel antitumor, drugs with a special emphasis on the relationship between the chemical structure and the biological activity of the molecules. This Special Issue also provides an understanding of the biologic and genotypic context in which targets are selected for oncology drug discovery, thus providing a rationalization for the biological activity of these drugs and guiding the design of more effective agents. In this Special Issue of Pharmaceuticals dedicated to anticancer dr

Physician Education: Myelodysplastic Syndrome.

CHARACTERISTICS AND PATHOLOGY OF MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNROME: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a disease of the blood whose etiology is unclear. There is little that can be done therapeutically, and the prognosis for patients with this disease is poor. The main hematologic finding is anemia, but MDS responds poorly to the various kinds of drugs used to treat anemia, and in the past it was called refractory anemia. Moreover, 25% to 40% of MDS patients develop acute leukemia, so MDS has also been referred to as preleukemia or a preleukemic condition. When blood diseases are classified as either ery

Cancer Risk Profile of the Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Device: A Narrative Review.

Background/Objectives: The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) is widely used as a long-acting reversible contraceptive and as a therapeutic option for heavy menstrual bleeding, endometriosis, adenomyosis, and endometrial hyperplasia. Although its predominant effect is local, systemic levonorgestrel exposure has raised questions regarding its potential influence on cancer risk. This review aims to summarise and critically appraise the available evidence on the association between LNG-IUD use and gynaecologic, breast, and selected non-gynaecologic malignancies (including colo

Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of isoeugenol (CAS No. 97-54-1) in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice (gavage studies).

UNLABELLED: Isoeugenol is one of several structurally similar phenylpropenoid compounds produced by plants. It has been extracted from calamus, savory, basil, ylang-ylang, clove, tuberose, jonquil, nutmeg, tobacco, sandalwood, dill seed, mace, gardenia, petunia, and other flowers. Isoeugenol can also be produced by isomerization of eugenol, which occurs naturally in clove, pimento, bay leaf, and cinnamon. As a fragrance with a spicy, carnation-like odor, isoeugenol is incorporated into numerous household and personal hygiene products, including perfumes, cream lotions, soaps, and detergents. A

NTP Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Oleic Acid Diethanolamine Condensate (CAS No. 93-83-4) in F344/N Rats and B6C3F1 Mice (Dermal Studies).

Oleic acid diethanolamine condensate is widely used as an emollient, thickener, and foam stabilizer present in cosmetic formulations of bath additives, shampoos, conditioners, lipsticks, and hair dyes. Male and female F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice received dermal applications of diethanolamine in 95% ethanol for 13 weeks or 2 years. Genetic toxicology studies were performed in Salmonella typhimurium and L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells. 13-WEEK STUDY IN RATS: Groups of 10 male and 10 female rats were admin istered 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg oleic acid diethanolamine condensate/kg body weight in e

Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Ochratoxin A (CAS No. 303-47-9) in F344/N Rats (Gavage Studies).

Ochratoxin A is a naturally occurring fungal toxin that is a contaminant in corn, peanuts, storage grains, cottonseed, meats, dried fish, and nuts. Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies were conducted by administering ochratoxin A (98% pure) in corn oil by gavage to groups of F344/N rats of each sex for 16 days, 13 weeks, 9 months, 15 months, or 2 years. Only rats were studied because ochratoxin A has been shown to be carcinogenic in mice. Genetic toxicology tests were performed with bacterial and mammalian cells. Urinalysis, hematologic and serum chemical analyses, and bone marrow cellularity

The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms.

The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail. The in

Fatal Progression of Mutated TP53-Associated Clonal Hematopoiesis following Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cell Therapy.

We present the case of a 64-year-old man diagnosed with large B-cell lymphoma who relapsed twice after standard-of-care therapy. Due to persisting cytopenia, Next generation sequencing analysis was performed, revealing a small TP53-mutated clone. As a third-line therapy, the patient was treated with CAR-T cells, which resulted in complete remission. However, this treatment also led to the expansion of the TP53-mutated clone and therapy-related myelodysplasia with a complex aberrant karyotype. This case may serve as a paradigmatic example of clonal hematopoietic progression in a patient undergo

Açai Berry Attenuates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Damage in Genitourinary Axis-Modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 Pathways.

Cyclophosphamide (CYP) is used to treat different malignancies and autoimmune disorders in men. This chemotherapy frequently reduces tumors, which is beneficial, but also causes infertility because of severe oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the bladder and testes brought on by its metabolite, acrolein. The goal of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel food, açai berry, in preventing CYP-induced damage in the bladder and testes.MethodsCYP was administered intraperitoneally once during the experiment at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight diluted in 10 mL/kg b.w. of water.

Защитное воздействие кварчена на экспериментальный склероз, вызванный купризоном, у самца C57BL/6 Мыши.

Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы определить защитное воздействие Quercetiна на экспериментальный склероз (MS) в C57BL (Male)/6 Мыши. Forty мужского пола C57BL/6 Мыши были разделены на 4 Экспериментальные группы. Контрольная группа получила стандартную диету. Группа 2, мыши получили питание, содержащее 0.2 % (w/w) CPZ смешивается с наземным чау в течение всего периода 4 недель (Чху и др., 2021). Группа 3, мыши получили Quercetin150 мг/кг) в устной форме каждый день 4 недель. Группа 4, мыши получили диету 0.2 % CPZ и Quercetin150 мг/кг) перорально для 4 недель. После обнаружения при

Long term responders in frontline multiple myeloma-exception vs expectation of the modern era.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

European Medicines Agency review of ixazomib (Ninlaro) for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy.

On 21 November 2016, the European Commission issued a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union for ixazomib in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of adult patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least one prior therapy. Ixazomib was evaluated in one, randomised, double-blind, phase III study comparing ixazomib plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (n=360; ixazomib arm) versus placebo plus lenalidomide and dexamethasone (n=362; placebo arm) in adult patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma who had received at least one

VEXAS Syndrome in a Patient with Myeloproliferative Neoplasia.

VEXAS syndrome stands for vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic syndrome. The syndrome is a combined hematological and rheumatological condition caused by a somatic mutation in the UBA1. There is an association between VEXAS and hematological conditions such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), monoclonal gammopathies of uncertain conditions (MGUS), multiple myeloma (MM), and monoclonal B-cell lymphoproliferative conditions. There are not many descriptions of patients having VEXAS in combination with myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). With this article, we want to present a ca

A Possible Role of Remdesivir and Plasma Therapy in the Selective Sweep and Emergence of New SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

Since summer 2020, SARS-CoV-2 strains at the origin of the COVID-19 pandemic have suddenly been replaced by new SARS-CoV-2 variants, some of which are highly transmissible and spread at a high rate. These variants include the Marseille-4 lineage (Nextclade 20A.EU2) in Europe, the 20I/501Y.V1 variant first detected in the UK, the 20H/501Y.V2 variant first detected in South Africa, and the 20J/501Y.V3 variant first detected in Brazil. These variants are characterized by multiple mutations in the viral spike protein that is targeted by neutralizing antibodies elicited in response to infection or

The Role of the CREB Protein Family Members and the Related Transcription Factors in Radioresistance Mechanisms.

In the framework of space flight, the risk of radiation carcinogenesis is considered a "red" risk due to the high likelihood of occurrence as well as the high potential impact on the quality of life in terms of disease-free survival after space missions. The cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is overexpressed both in haematological malignancies and solid tumours and its expression and function are modulated following irradiation. The CREB protein is a transcription factor and member of the CREB/activating transcription factor (ATF) family. As such, it has an essential role in a

Human microbiomes in cancer development and therapy.

Colonies formed by bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viral groups and their genomes, metabolites, and expressed proteins constitute complex human microbiomes. An increasing evidences showed that carcinogenesis and disease progression were link to microbiomes. Different organ sources, their microbial species, and their metabolites are different; the mechanisms of carcinogenic or procancerous are also different. Here, we summarize how microbiomes contribute to carcinogenesis and disease progression in cancers of the skin, mouth, esophagus, lung, gastrointestinal, genital, blood, and lymph malignancy

The Power of Phytochemicals Combination in Cancer Chemoprevention.

Conventional therapies for cancer treatment have posed many challenges, including toxicity, multidrug resistance and economic expenses. In contrast, complementary alternative medicine (CAM), employing phytochemicals have recently received increased attention owing to their capability to modulate a myriad of molecular mechanisms with a less toxic effect. Increasing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggest that phytochemicals can favorably modulate several signaling pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Combinations of phytochemicals promote cell death, inhibit c

Ancient genes establish stress-induced mutation as a hallmark of cancer.

Cancer is sometimes depicted as a reversion to single cell behavior in cells adapted to live in a multicellular assembly. If this is the case, one would expect that mutation in cancer disrupts functional mechanisms that suppress cell-level traits detrimental to multicellularity. Such mechanisms should have evolved with or after the emergence of multicellularity. This leads to two related, but distinct hypotheses: 1) Somatic mutations in cancer will occur in genes that are younger than the emergence of multicellularity (1000 million years [MY]); and 2) genes that are frequently mutated in cance