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Dane particle-associated hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis B e antibody.

A commercial radioimmunoassay was adapted to detect serum Dane particle-associated HBeAg in patients whose sera contained homologous antibody. HBeAg was released from Dane particles with guanidine HCl. Dane particles were separated from anti-HBe by gel-filtration (Sepharose 4B) and ultracentrifugation of the eluate. Dane particle-HBeAg was tested in 45 HBsAg carriers with anti-HBe and was present in 8 (18%) carriers, all of whom had chronic liver disease. By contrast, HBeAg was not found in 10 carriers with normal liver histology. Serum or liver HBcAg was found in 6 of 8 patients with Dane par

Hepatocellular carcinoma in women: probable lack of etiologic association with oral contraceptive steroids.

To investigate the possibility of an association between oral contraceptive steroids (CS) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we reviewed 128 cases of HCC in women collected between 1953 and 1980. There were 48 cases under the age of 40, and 13 of these (27%) had used CS. However, 62% of HCC associated with CS and 58% of HCC in women under 40 not using CS were classified histologically as "fibrolamellar" carcinoma. This subtype of HCC occurs predominantly in young people, both male and female. The apparent increase in HCC in young women can be explained by the presence of cases of fibrolamella

Hepatic microvascular regulatory mechanisms. II. Cholinergic mechanisms.

Several cholinergic agonists and their antagonists were administered topically at various concentrations (10(-10) to 10(-4) gm per ml) to the livers of anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats. Changes in the microvasculature were measured for a period of 15 min using in vivo microscopic methods. The influence of cholinergic agonists on hepatic mast cells was determined by histochemical methods. Cholinergic agonists elicited constriction of portal venules, sinusoids, and terminal hepatic (central) venules accompanied within 5 to 20 sec by the adherence of platelets and leukocytes to the endothelial li

Four generations of arteriohepatic dysplasia.

Arteriohepatic dysplasia (AHD) is a multisystem disorder which is characterized by liver, heart, eye, and bony abnormalities. A characteristic facies is also present. The etiology is not clear, and some authors have favored an in utero toxin or infection as the cause. Other reports have shown parent-to-child transmission suggesting an autosomal dominant form of inheritance. This study documents the presence of AHD characteristics in four successive generations of a single kindred. Overall, 15 of 24 members had at least some characteristics of AHD. In addition to the usual findings, renal disea

A constitutional unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia combined with indocyanine green intolerance: a new functional disorder?

The kinetics of plasma clearance of indocyanine green and bromosulfophthalein were studied in 49 consecutive patients with chronic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Forty-four patients had Gilbert's syndrome whereas five patients had impaired hepatic uptake of indocyanine green and virtually normal hepatic bromosulfophthalein uptake. There was no difference in bilirubin metabolism between the two groups. A family study of the patients with impaired indocyanine green uptake revealed that the defect appears to be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait associated with inheritance of impaired b

Patterns of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal dysfunction in men with liver disease due to differing etiologies.

The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis was evaluated in two groups of age-matched men with documented biochemical and histologic liver disease and compared to that of age-matched normal controls. Basal testosterone levels (p less than 0.05), spermatozoa concentrations (p less than 0.01), and seminal plasma volume (p less than 0.01) were reduced in the alcoholics studied with liver disease, but not the hemophiliacs with liver disease when compared to the normal controls. No difference in estradiol levels was noted between groups. Basal follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone (LH)

Vitamin A and zinc therapy in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Eleven patients with primary biliary cirrhosis were surveyed for evidence of vitamin A and zinc deficiencies. Vitamin A deficiency manifested as a low serum vitamin A concentration and abnormal dark adaptation was present in 9 of the 11 patients. A low serum zinc level was present in four patients who were also vitamin A deficient. All seven patients who received p.o. vitamin A therapy with 25,000 to 50,000 units per day for 4 to 12 weeks achieved normal vitamin A levels. Normalization of serum vitamin A was associated with significant improvement in dark adaptation (p less than 0.01). In thre

Hepatic lysosomal copper protein in dogs with an inherited copper toxicosis.

Hepatic copper overload inherited as an autosomal recessive trait in Bedlington Terriers is characterized by the presence of hepatocellular lysosomal granules of unusually high specific gravity and electron density which contain at least two thirds of the total hepatic copper. Fractionation of homogenates of liver from such affected Bedlington Terriers yielded a low-speed pellet which contained the lysosomal granules. This fraction was used for isolation of a copper-binding protein by alkaline-reduction, solubilization, fractional acetone precipitation, and gel filtration. The purified protein

Hepatitis B virus DNA in the sera of HBsAg carriers: a marker of active hepatitis B virus replication in the liver.

Sera and liver biopsies from 30 Italian patients, carriers of HBsAg for at least 3 years, were examined for markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection by serological assays and immunofluorescence. Biopsies were analyzed for HBcAg, HBsAg, and delta antigen by immunofluorescence; sera were assayed for HBsAg/anti-HBs, HBcAg/anti-HBc, HBeAg/anti-HBe, delta/anti-delta, HBV-specific DNA polymerase activity and the presence of HBV DNA. HBcAg, HBeAg, and DNA polymerase tests were positive in the sera of 71, 86, and 57%, respectively, of carriers with intrahepatic HBcAg. HBV DNA was detected in 100%

The presence of a microsomal UDP-glucuronyl transferase for bilirubin in homozygous jaundiced Gunn rats and in the Crigler-Najjar syndrome.

The infusion of a closely related derivative of bilirubin, its dimethyl diester (DME), into jaundiced (jj) Gunn rats were associated with biliary excretion of mono- and diglucuronides of bilirubin. In vitro incubation of DME with liver microsomes from jj rats demonstrated sequential demethylation and glucuronidation of DME. Liver microsomes from a patient with the Crigler-Najjar syndrome were unable to form glucuronides of bilirubin in vitro unless DME was used as substrate. The results suggest that the deficiency in Gunn rats and in the Crigler-Najjar syndrome may be due to a structural defec

Prognostic indicators of hepatic injury following jejunoileal bypass performed for refractory obesity: a prospective study.

To evaluate factors predisposing to liver injury following jejunoileal bypass, 27 patients underwent clinical evaluation and liver biopsy prior to bypass and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months and yearly thereafter. Nineteen patients developed increased fatty infiltration of the liver, 1 developed cryptogenic cirrhosis, and 7 developed steatonecrosis, central hyaline sclerosis, or cirrhosis indistinguishable from alcoholic liver disease during the period of rapid weight loss. Two of these 7 patients developed clinical liver failure; inactive cirrhosis evolved after parenteral alimentation and rean

Idiopathic neonatal iron storage involving the liver, pancreas, heart, and endocrine and exocrine glands.

Autopsy studies of two infants, one a newborn, the other 4 months old, revealed massive amounts of iron in lysosomes of hepatocytes and pancreatic acinar cells. Iron, which had been transported across the placenta, accumulated in the same cell types as in adults with primary and secondary hemochromatosis. Hemosiderin was found in cardiac muscle cells, gastric and intestinal glands, and endocrine and exocrine organs including pituitary, thyroid, adrenals, islets of Langerhans, and sublingual and sweat glands. The liver was the most affected organ and the normal hepatic architecture was replaced

Помимо типичного синдрома нейротоксичности, связанного с иммунным эффектом, характеризирующего неиммунный эффект, связанный с нейротоксичным синдромом нейротоксичности, при ретроспективном анализе химерика антигенного рецептора Т-клеток.

ЦЫПЛЕНОК: Химерическая антигенная терапия (CAR) Т-клеточная терапия революционизировала лечение рецидивных/отверженных гематологовых магнатов. В то время как синдром нейротоксичности, связанный с иммунным эффектом клеток (ИКАНС), является широко признанным осложнением, расширение клинического применения выявило явные неврологические осложнения, не связанные с ИКАНС, которые бросают вызов стандартным подходам к диагностике и управлению. Мы характеризуем клинические особенности и результаты этих неклассических презентаций. МЕТОДЫ: Был проведен ретроспективный анализ 357 - пациенты, получающие ко

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… Faisal Abushullaih, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Emily N Davidson, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. … Graeme A Fenton, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Justin W Kehm, Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. …

Immunosuppressive and Non-Immunosuppressive Drugs for Heart Xenotransplantation in Humans: Is Europe Ready?

Xenotransplantation is becoming an emerging field of interest for the treatment of end-stage heart disease. In fact, the shortage of human heart donors in European countries requires the increasing investigation of alternative strategies such as heart xenotransplantation. Among different limitations in this peculiar field, the experimental pharmacological management of patients who undergo heart xenotransplantation is primarily narrowed by the indications for which these drugs have been previously authorized by international medicines agencies. In fact, many of these medications have been neve

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… Berinert was used as induction and maintenance immunosuppressive therapy in the Baltimore case (10 mg/kg), using repeated single doses according to previous experience in NHP. This drug was also used in the second Baltimore case [ 11 ]. … This drug was part of the first Baltimore case, as induction and maintenance therapy [ 8 ]. …

Дифференциация по признаку расы и места в области многоразового склерозового лечения: качественное исследование опыта пациентов.

Множественный склероз - это нейродегенеративное и нейро-воспалительное заболевание, вызывающее различные симптомы, включая физические и когнитивные области. Предыдущие исследования показали, что расовые диспропорции характерны для многочисленных неврологических результатов склероза, при этом чернокожие люди сталкиваются с более тяжелыми последствиями, чем их белые коллеги. ЦЕЛЬ: Изучение различий по признаку расы и места в опыте оказания многочисленных услуг по склерозу среди чернокожих и белых участников. МЕТОДЫ: Качественные данные были собраны у 20 взрослых с множественным склерозом в ходе

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… Lisa A Cooper, Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore MD, USA; Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of … Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. …

Tgfbr3 is required for the long-term maintenance of self-renewal potential in murine hematopoietic stem cells.

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling plays a crucial role in maintaining the quiescence and self-renewal potential of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Despite decades of research, the underlying mechanisms of TGF-β signaling in HSCs remain elusive due to conflicting phenotypes of various knockout (KO) mouse models. Here, we show that HSCs co-express Tgfbr2, Tgfbr3, and Endoglin (Eng) but rarely express Tgfbr1, whereas lymphocytes co-express Tgfbr1 and Tgfbr2 but rarely express Tgfbr3 or Eng. We also demonstrate that Tgfbr3 is dispensable for the maintenance of immune homeostasis, in

Anti-thymocyte globulin-resistant CD4+ memory T cells contribute to haplo-fever after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Haplo-fever (HF) is a form of non-infectious fever that occurs shortly after haploidentical (HID) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Its clinical significance, risk factors, and pathophysiology, particularly in the context of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)-based prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), remain largely unknown. Here, we retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 143 consecutive HID HSCT recipients. Patients with HF exhibited a higher incidence of chronic GvHD, a lower risk of measurable residual disease recurrence, and improved event-free survival, particul