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New targets for the treatment of follicular lymphoma.

The last two decades have witnessed striking advances in our understanding of the biological factors underlying the development of Follicular lymphoma (FL). Development of newer treatment approaches have improved the outlook for many individuals with these disorders; however, with these advances come new questions. Given the long-term survival of patients with FL, drugs with favourable side-effect profile and minimal long-term risks are desired. FL is incurable with current treatment modalities. It often runs an indolent course with multiple relapses and progressively shorter intervals of remi

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… For this reason, use of HA14-1 may be an efficient strategy to lower the tumor response dose of doxorubicin, decreasing its cardiotoxicity and nephrotoxicity [ 53 ]. HA 14-1 has also shown an ability to enhance Brefeldin A (BFA) mediated cell killing in FL cell lines [ 54 ]. …

Rhabdomyosarcoma: Current Therapy, Challenges, and Future Approaches to Treatment Strategies.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare cancer arising in skeletal muscle that typically impacts children and young adults. It is a worldwide challenge in child health as treatment outcomes for metastatic and recurrent disease still pose a major concern for both basic and clinical scientists. The treatment strategies for rhabdomyosarcoma include multi-agent chemotherapies after surgical resection with or without ionization radiotherapy. In this comprehensive review, we first provide a detailed clinical understanding of rhabdomyosarcoma including its classification and subtypes, diagnosis, and treatment str

Bispecific and multispecific T-cell engagers: advancing the future of immunotherapy.

T-cell engagers (TCEs) represent an emerging class of immunotherapies that harness T cells' cytotoxic power to eliminate diseased cells-a transformative future therapeutic strategy. TCEs form immunological synapses to trigger potent immune responses, with proven efficacy in blood cancers; research expands their use to solid tumors via innovative molecular design and improved safety profiles. Beyond oncology, TCEs hold promise in autoimmune disorders by eliminating autoreactive cells, offering novel avenues for diseases like lupus. However, achieving optimal outcomes without disrupting immune h

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… HER2-targeted TCEs also risk cardiotoxicity due to HER2 expression on cardiac tissue, underscoring the challenge of balancing efficacy and safety when antigens lack tumor-specific expression [ 12 ]. …

Bridging the Gap in AL and ATTR Cardiac Amyloidosis: Integrating Histopathology, Biomarkers, and Multimodal Imaging for Subtype-Specific Diagnosis.

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) represents an increasingly recognized but historically underdiagnosed cause of restrictive cardiomyopathy and heart failure. CA is now understood to be more prevalent, particularly in older adults, as advancements in imaging and biomarker technologies have improved detection. The disease results from the misfolding of precursor proteins, primarily immunoglobulin light chains (in light chain (AL) amyloidosis) or transthyretin (in transthyretin (ATTR) amyloidosis), into insoluble fibrils that deposit in myocardial tissue. These deposits cause structural and functional ca

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… In AL amyloidosis, light chains exhibit direct cardiotoxicity in addition to promoting diastolic dysfunction, resulting in disproportionately elevated NT-proBNP and troponin levels compared to ATTR for similar degrees of hypertrophy. …

Oxidative Stress in Multiple Myeloma: Pathogenic Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Redox-Targeted Therapeutic Strategies.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell malignancy characterized by high metabolic activity, chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress, and persistent redox imbalance. Excessive immunoglobulin synthesis and adaptation to the hypoxic bone marrow microenvironment lead to sustained production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Their excessive accumulation promotes genomic instability, disease progression, osteolytic bone disease, and resistance to therapy. Paradoxically, MM cells adapt to oxidative stress by activating antioxidant and metabolic defense mechanisms, including Nuclear factor ery

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… Empagliflozin Alleviates Carfilzomib-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Autophagy Antioxidants 2024 13 671 10.3390/antiox13060671 38929110 PMC11200801 56. Caillot M. Zylbersztejn F. Maitre E. Bourgeais J. …

На пути к более точному присвоению неблагоприятного явления в нескольких клинических испытаниях миэломы.

Неблагоприятное явление (ВЭ) атрибуция и отчетность в ходе многочисленных клинических испытаний миэломы (ММ) основываются на системах, разработанных для цитотоксичной химиотерапии, которые плохо подходят для современного терапевтического ландшафта. В ходе этого обзора выявляются систематические ограничения на каждом этапе представления докладов об ОЭ и предлагаются всеобъемлющие рамки реформы, адаптированные к ММ. Ошибки начинаются с идентификации AE и накапливаются на каждом последующем этапе - терминологической классификации, классификации степени тяжести и присвоения причинно-следственной с

Toxicity of CAR T-Cell Therapy for Multiple Myeloma.

BackgroundIdecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) and ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) are novel chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapies targeting B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), and both have recently gained approval by the US Food Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).SummaryThese therapies offer unprecedented responses in RRMM but present new challenges including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), non-ICANS neurotoxicity, cytopenias, infections, and hypogammaglobul

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… Overall, the frequency and underlying mechanism of cardiotoxicity align with previous reports and observations from earlier CAR-T studies targeting CD19 [ 73 , 77 – 81 ]. …

Роль микробиомы в множестве миелом: новые знания и терапевтические возможности.

Множественная миелома — гематологический рак, описываемый распространением плазменных клеток в костном мозге, что вызывает иммунную дисфункцию и другие аномалии. Микробиом кишечника, микробное сообщество в желудочно-кишечном тракте, было обнаружено, что он модифицирует системный иммунитет, воспаление и метаболизм. Хотя взаимосвязь между кишечным микробиомом и множеством миелома была обнаружена в недавних исследованиях, существует пробел в знаниях, связывающий воздействие микробиома на патогенез и лечение множественной миеломы. Несбалансированность в кишечном микробиоме, дисбиозе, может влиять

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… Empagliflozin Alleviates Carfilzomib-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Mice by Modulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, and Autophagy Antioxidants 2024 13 671 10.3390/antiox13060671 38929110 PMC11200801 24. Dabour M.S. George M.Y. Grant M.K.O. Zordoky B.N. …

Последние новости о диагностике и лечении почечных заболеваний в Множественной миеломе.

Множественная миелома (ММ) представляет собой сложно обработанную плазменную порчу клеток и вторую наиболее часто распространенную гематологическую гелингологию у взрослых, что оказывает значительное воздействие на функцию почек. Широкий спектр участия почек в MM включает в себя дисбаланс электролитов, повреждение трубки и даже редкие глумерлуарные заболевания. Эволюция методов лечения MM привела к заметным улучшениям в долгосрочном выживании пациентов, страдающих осложнениями, связанными с почками. За последнее десятилетие появились новейшие терапевтические агенты, включая протеазные ингибито

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… weeks | CrCl >50 mL/min: No adjustment; CrCl 10–50 mL/min: 25% reduction; CrCl <10 mL/min: 50% reduction* | Myelosuppression, gastrointestinal symptoms, increased risk of secondary malignancies Doxorubicin | 9–20 mg/m 2 IV once every 28 days | No adjustment; Hemodialysis: Administer after dialysis | Cardiotoxicity …

Mechanism and clinical progression of solid tumors bone marrow metastasis.

The rich blood supply of the bone marrow provides favorable conditions for tumor cell proliferation and growth. In the disease's early stages, circulating tumor cells can escape to the bone marrow and form imperceptible micro metastases. These tumor cells may be reactivated to regain the ability to grow aggressively and eventually develop into visible metastases. Symptomatic bone marrow metastases with abnormal hematopoiesis solid tumor metastases are rare and have poor prognoses. Treatment options are carefully chosen because of the suppression of bone marrow function. In this review, we summ

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… Reduced cardiotoxicity and comparable efficacy in a phase III trial of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin HCl (CAELYX/Doxil) versus conventional doxorubicin for first-line treatment of metastatic breast cancer . Ann. Oncol. 15 ( 3 ), 440 – 449 . 10.1093/annonc/mdh097 14998846 Ozkan M. Er O. …

Лейкемия в период беременности: диагностика и терапевтический подход (обзор).

Цель настоящего исследования заключается в оценке эпидемиологических, диагностических и терапевтических данных о гематологических заболеваниях в период беременности. Лейкемия в период беременности встречается редко, а литературные данные не являются обширными. Факторы риска, эпидемиология и патогенез этих заболеваний не разработаны в полной мере. Кроме того, имеется подробный доклад о осложнениях в период беременности и об общем (на три месяца) лечении этих заболеваний, в частности о стратегии их лечения. В настоящем исследовании описывается возможность обеспечения в будущем беременности у жен

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… It has been shown that anthracyclines are involved in fetal cardiotoxicity ( 7 ). Thus, regular fetal ultrasound during treatment is suggested. Experience of cytarabine administration during pregnancy is limited. …

Shilajit mitigates chemotherapeutic drug-induced testicular toxicity: Study on testicular germ cell dynamics, steroidogenesis modulation, and Nrf-2/Keap-1 signaling.

BACKGROUND: Medications, including chemotherapeutic drugs, contribute to male infertility as external factors by inducing oxidative stress in testicular cells. Shilajit is a naturally occurring bioactive antioxidant used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat a variety of ailments. OBJECTIVE: This study examines the potential of Shilajit to counteract the negative effects of the chemotherapeutic drug cyclophosphamide (CPA) on testicular germ cell dynamics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Male Parkes mice received single intraperitoneal CPA injection (200 mg/kg BW) on day one, followed by daily supplementation

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… Cardioprotective effect of Croton macrostachyus stem bark extract and solvent fractions on cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats Evid base Compl Alternative Med 2020 2020 1 13 10.1155/2020/8467406 PMC7150702 32328140 28 Iqubal A Syed MA Najmi AK Ali J Haque SE. …

Effects of Obesity and Calorie Restriction on Cancer Development.

The risk of malignant tumor development is increasing in the world. Obesity is an established risk factor for various malignancies. There are many metabolic alterations associated with obesity which promote cancerogenesis. Excessive body weight leads to increased levels of estrogens, chronic inflammation and hypoxia, which can play an important role in the development of malignancies. It is proved that calorie restriction can improve the state of patients with various diseases. Decreased calorie uptake influences lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism, hormone levels and cell processes. Ma

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… Calorie restriction prevents cardiotoxicity after anthracycline chemotherapy in patients with malignant tumors. This effect is associated with the modulation of apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelium-dependent vasodilation by diet [ 118 ]. …

The Five "Ws" of Frailty Assessment and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Who, What, Where, Why, and When.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease of the elderly, but chronological age does not accurately discriminate frailty status at the inter-individual level. Frailty describes a person's overall resilience. Since CLL is a stressful situation, it is relevant to assess the patient´s degree of frailty, especially before starting antineoplastic treatment. We are in the era of targeted therapies, which have helped to control the disease more effectively and avoid the toxicity of chemo (immuno) therapy. However, these drugs are not free of side effects and other aspects arise that should not

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… Bruton’s tyrosine kinase Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: More Than Just Atrial Fibrillation Curr. Oncol. Rep. 2021 23 113 10.1007/s11912-021-01102-1 34342738 PMC8330192 77. Lipsky A. Lamanna N. …

Novel Developments in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma-Associated Bone Disease.

Osteolytic bone disease is present in about 80% of patients with multiple myeloma at the time of diagnosis. Managing bone disease in patients with multiple myeloma is a challenge and requires a multi-faceted treatment approach with medication, surgery, and radiation. The established treatments with intravenous or subcutaneous antiresorptives can cause debilitating adverse events for patients, mainly osteonecrosis of the jaw, which, traditionally, has been difficult to manage. Now, oral surgery is recommended and proven successful in 60-85% of patients. Patients with spinal involvement may bene

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… Incidence and risk of cardiotoxicity associated with bortezomib in the treatment of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis PLoS ONE 2014 9 e87671 10.1371/journal.pone.0087671 24489948 PMC3906186 132. Richardson P.G. Briemberg H. Jagannath S. Wen P.Y. Barlogie B. Berenson J. Singhal S. …

Cytokine Release Syndrome in the Immunotherapy of Hematological Malignancies: The Biology behind and Possible Clinical Consequences.

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is an acute systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by fever and multiple organ dysfunction associated with (i) chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, (ii) therapeutic antibodies, and (iii) haploidentical allogeneic stem cell transplantation (haplo-allo-HSCT). Severe CRS can be life-threatening in some cases and requires prompt management of those toxicities and is still a great challenge for physicians. The pathophysiology of CRS is still not fully understood, which also applies to the identifications of predictive biomarkers that can forecast the

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… Adverse cardiac effects of cancer therapies: Cardiotoxicity and arrhythmia Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2020 17 474 502 10.1038/s41569-020-0348-1 32231332 PMC8782611 76. Hansen B.A. Wendelbo O. Bruserud O. Hemsing A.L. Mosevoll K.A. Reikvam H. Febrile Neutropenia in Acute Leukemia. …

A review of neurotoxicities associated with immunotherapy and a framework for evaluation.

Immuno-oncology agents, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapies, are increasing in use for a growing list of oncologic indications. While harnessing the immune system against cancer cells has a potent anti-tumor effect, it can also cause widespread autoimmune toxicities that limit therapeutic potential. Neurologic toxicities have unique presentations and can progress rapidly, necessitating prompt recognition. In this article, we review the spectrum of central and peripheral neurologic immune-related adverse events (irAEs) associated

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… The evolving immunotherapy landscape and the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of cardiotoxicity: JACC: cardiooncology primer. JACC Cardiooncol. 2021;3(1):35–47. 55. Anquetil C, Salem JE, Lebrun-Vignes B, et al. …

Emerging Nanopharmaceuticals and Nanonutraceuticals in Cancer Management.

Nanotechnology is the science of nanoscale, which is the scale of nanometers or one billionth of a meter. Nanotechnology encompasses a broad range of technologies, materials, and manufacturing processes that are used to design and/or enhance many products, including medicinal products. This technology has achieved considerable progress in the oncology field in recent years. Most chemotherapeutic agents are not specific to the cancer cells they are intended to treat, and they can harm healthy cells, leading to numerous adverse effects. Due to this non-specific targeting, it is not feasible to a

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… The utilization of nanomedicine to deliver doxorubicin not only prolongs the half-life and increases the concentration of doxorubicin in tumor cells, but also leads to significant reduction in adverse events like cardiotoxicity because doxorubicin as Doxil is not bioavailable to cardiac cells [ 13 ]. …

NETs: organ-related epigenetic derangements and potential clinical applications.

High-throughput next-generation sequencing methods have recently provided a detailed picture of the genetic landscape of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), revealing recurrent mutations of chromatin-remodeling genes and little-to-no pathogenetic role for oncogenes commonly mutated in cancer. Concurrently, multiple epigenetic modifications have been described across the whole spectrum of NETs, and their putative function as tumorigenic drivers has been envisaged. As result, it is still unclear whether or not NETs are epigenetically-driven, rather than genetically-induced malignancies. Although the N

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… Lubner SJ Schelman WR Eickhoff J Chen H Loconte NK A pilot phase II study of valproic acid for treatment of low-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma Oncologist 2011 16 835 43 10.1634/theoncologist.2011-0031 21632454 PMC3121900 96 Shah MH Binkley P Chan K Xiao J Arbogast D Collamore M Farra Y Young D Grever M Cardiotoxicity …

Revisiting Curcumin in Cancer Therapy: Recent Insights into Molecular Mechanisms, Nanoformulations, and Synergistic Combinations.

Curcumin has been extensively investigated as an anticancer agent, yet its clinical application remains constrained by low bioavailability, incomplete mechanistic understanding, and limited therapeutic optimization. In light of growing resistance to conventional chemotherapies and the demand for safer, multi-targeted agents, this review revisits curcumin with a contemporary lens. We critically evaluate the literature published since 2020, focusing on newly elucidated molecular mechanisms by which curcumin regulates tumor progression, including modulation of oncogenic signaling pathways (Wnt/β-

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… The impairing of curcumin and resveratrol notably enhances the sensitivity of ovarian cancer, reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, and offers a promising approach for prostate cancer [ 202 ]. …