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Геномический мониторинг для понимания появления и распространения вируса Усуту в Нидерландах, 2016 - 2018 годы.

Вирус Усуту (USUV) — флавивирус, распространяющийся в Западной Европе, который вызывает смерть главным образом обычных чёрных птиц (Turdus merula). В Нидерландах USUV впервые был обнаружен в 2016 году, когда он был установлен в качестве вероятной причины вспышки у птиц. В этом исследовании были собраны мертвые черные птицы, проверены на присутствие внедорожника США и представлены на секвенирование в Нанопоре. Были получены геномические последовательности 112 UV, и филогенетический анализ показал, что большинство выявленных вирусов принадлежали 3-й линии USUV Africa, а молекулярный анализ часов

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Usutu virus (USUV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus circulating in Western Europe that causes die-offs of mainly common blackbirds (Turdus mer … 4 years before first detection of USUV in the Netherlands. USUV Europe 3 lineage, commonly found in Germany, was less frequently detected. This analyses further suggest some extent of circulation of USUV between the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium, as well as likely overwintering of USUV in the Netherlands.

Influences on immunization rates: Vaccination coverage of mumps, measles, rubella and varicella before and after the STIKO intervention 2011 - A retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: In September 2011, the German Standing Committee on Vaccinations (STIKO) changed their recommendation regarding the mumps-measles-rubella-varicella vaccination (MMRV). We compared the immunization rates against MMRV in Germany before and after the STIKO intervention. METHODS: We recorded the immunization status of children born between 09/2008 and 08/2012 in 35 selected doctor's surgeries in Germany. RESULTS: After the STIKO intervention, the ratio of the combined MMRV vaccine as the first dose immunization was reduced to approximately 25% of the initial value. A slight increase …

Autopsy issues in German Federal Republic transplantation legislation until 1997.

This article analyzes the relevance of autopsy issues for German Federal Republic transplantation legislation until 1997 against the backgro … prosecution of the organ trade and area-wide transplantation regulation after the reunification of Germany. In contrast to autopsy issues, legislative power for transplantation issues was extended to the federal level by an amendment to the constitution, allowing decision making for Germany as a whole.

Current state of vocationally oriented medical rehabilitation--a German perspective.

The aim of this paper is to outline a current trend in inpatient medical rehabilitation in Germany, i.e. vocationally oriented medical rehabilitation (VOMR). Since employment-related demands and challenges pose a potential source of strain regarding employees' health and work ability, rehabilitative treatment in Germany is increasingly geared towards including work-related issues in diagnostics and therapy. To date, German rehabilitation research and practice have focussed primarily on the development of screening instruments for identifying vocational problems, interface management and inter-…

Prevalence of Lyme disease agents and several emerging pathogens in questing ticks from the German Baltic coast.

In summer 2008, a total of 512 Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks was collected from vegetation in four areas at the Baltic coast of Germany and tested for the presence of Lyme disease spirochetes. Among them, 293 ticks from three areas were screened for Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), rickettsiae of the spotted fever group (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), and Babesia spp. (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae), respectively. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genospecies (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) were detected in 3.1% of the tick samples. The prevalence ofA. phagocyto…

Prevalence of Bartonella henselae and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA in ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe.

Bartonella spp. can cause persistent bloodstream infections in humans and animals. To determine whether Bartonella henselae is present in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks, we analyzed the prevalence of B. henselae DNA among tick stages compared to the prevalence of DNA from Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the pathogen most frequently transmitted by ticks. B. henselae DNA was present with a prevalence of up to approximately 40% in tick populations sampled in four European sites (Eberdingen, Germany; Klasdorf, Germany; Lembach, France; and Madeira, Portugal). The odds of detecting B. henselae DNA …

[Cycles of German yellow fever research in the first half of the 20th century: protagonists and interests].

This article examines for the case of yellow fever research in Germany in the first half of the 20th century how political and military conditions affected the interests of scientific research. As a tropical disease, yellow fever was unknown in Germany and very rare in the German colonies and thus of little scientific or political interest. But this changed once the National Socialists began pursuing their wars of conquest. In preparation for a new colonial empire and a military mission in Africa, yellow fever research became increasingly important. The chief beneficiary of this development wa…

['Intervening is representing': medical campaigns that helped identify the prevalence of hookworm].

This paper compares anti-hookworm campaigns conducted in the early twentieth century in France, Germany, Brazil and West India. The populations that suffer from hookworm are not identical in the North and in the South. In tropical and semi-tropical regions hookworm is mainly found among poor peasants and is related to lack of hygiene, while in temperate climates hookworm was a professional disease of miners, a highly organized professional segment. Nevertheless, major disparities in the pattern of hookworm control did not reflect the North-South divide, but a difference between campaigns. Thes…

[German-speaking memory clinics: state of the art and practical recommendations].

The 7th annual meeting of the memory clinics of Germany, Switzerland and Austria in March 2002 in Göttingen, Germany was an optimal opportunity to make an inventory about the state of the art in diagnostic and therapy of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in German-speaking memory clinics. Several problems were discussed including difficulties in 1) diagnosis of patients with aphasia or foreign patients, 2) handling of demented patients without a caregiver, 3) psychological support for patients, who have been diagnosed in a very early stage, 4) misunderstandings between general practitione…

[Questionnaire and interview on physical health within the scope of The Child and Adolescent Health Survey].

Physical health is an important dimension within even the broadest concept of health. However, comprehensive and representative data on the physical health of children and adolescents in Germany are so far lacking. In the Health Survey for Children and Adolescents information will be collected on various aspects of physical health: pregnancy, birth, child development, self-rated health, physical well-being, acute and chronic disorders, congenital malformations, injuries, symptoms and complaints, disability and pain. It will be possible to analyse various determinants and consequences of physic…

Non-replication of association between cathepsin D genotype and late onset Alzheimer disease.

In two recent studies from Germany, a strong association was found between the allelic variant T of the amino acid substitution encoding polymorphism 224 C/T (A38V) in exon 2 of the cathepsin D gene (CTSD) and late onset Alzheimer disease (AD). Other studies from Europe and the USA revealed ambiguous results. Therefore, we performed an independent association study on CTSD and AD in a sample of 324 Caucasian patients from Germany, Switzerland, and Italy with late onset AD, and 302 non-demented controls. We could not confirm an association between CTSD genotype and AD, although there was a slig…

[The history of the so called "Shortened University Courses". The medical faculty of the Royal Hungarian University of Sciences in Breslau and Halle 1944-45].

On the autumn of 1944, when the Soviet troops entered Hungary and quickly pushed toward Budapest, the government was taken over by Hungarian Nazis - backed by the SS and the Wehrmacht. The new government attempted to evacuate all public administration including ministries, various offices, institutions of higher education, the gold reserve, the Crown etc. and equipment to Germany. A governmental decree located as a centre of Hungarian medical education Halle an der Saale. The students of the recently organized "shortened courses" were forced to leave their homeland and finish their studies in …

[Summer 1997 viral meningitis in children Frankfurt/Main--a discussion of the revised communicable disease control regulation].

According to the current law of preventing infectious diseases in Germany, bacterial as well as aseptic meningitis have to be reported to the health authorities, whereas according to the amendment aseptic meningitis will no longer be notifiable. In Summer 1997, 63 children with aseptic meningitis were reported to the local health authorities of Frankfurt compared with 4 or 5 per year during the preceding years. In 40% enterovirus, resp. ECHO-30 virus could be detected. The local health authorities gave detailed information on the medical relevance as well as necessary hygienic measures to the …

Emerging Aeromonas spp. infections in Europe: characterization of human clinical isolates from German patients.

Bacteria of the genus Aeromonas are widely distributed in water bodies around the world. Some Aeromonas species have been identified as human pathogens causing intestinal and a variety of extraintestinal infections. In Germany, information on diseases caused by Aeromonas is rare, because Aeromonas infections are not notifiable in Germany. To address this information gap and gain better insights, a successful collaboration with human medical diagnostic laboratories within Germany was established and several Aeromonas isolates from diseased patients were sent to the Aeromonas laboratory of the G…

[Onabotulium toxin A detrusor injection: The "real world" of users, the "real world" of patients - Update BOTUROLOGY 2022].

BACKGROUND: OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox) has been approved in Germany since 2013 for the second-line treatment of idiopathic overactive bladder in the form of a detrusor injection (OnabotA DI) after failure of anticholinergic therapy. Until 2018, however, its application lagged far behind the demand due to billing hurdles. Since the beginning of 2018, there has been an EBM (German Uniform Evaluation Standard) approval number in Germany for the transurethral application of Botox in urology. QUESTION: The aim of a survey performed in 2019 among course participants of regular injection workshops (…

[Contact granuloma of the larynx].

The authors analyse the results of clinical examination of patients with contact granuloma of the larynx treated in Moscow and Erlangen (Germany) clinics. Etiology, pathogenesis of this disease and treatment policy are discussed.

[Is complete immunity against measles a realistic target for patients with rheumatic diseases and how can it possibly be achieved?].

Measles outbreaks occur rather frequently in Germany. Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases are often treated with immunosuppressants. A recent study showed that about 7% of such patients are not protected against measles according to the lack of documentation in the vaccination card or the absence of protective antibodies. The Standing Committee on Immunization (STIKO) recommends a first vaccination against measles as a measles-mumps-rubella combined vaccination (MMR) in children aged 11-14 months and a second vaccination at 14-23 months. For adults born after 1970, vaccination against …

Straightforward analytical method to determine opium alkaloids in poppy seeds and bakery products.

A straightforward method to determine the content of six opium alkaloids (morphine, codeine, thebaine, noscapine, papaverine and narceine) in poppy seeds and bakery products was developed and validated down to a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1mg/kg. The method was based on extraction with acetonitrile/water/formic acid, ten-fold dilution and analysis by LC-MS/MS using a pH 10 carbonate buffer. The method was applied for the analysis of 41 samples collected in 2015 in the Netherlands and Germany. All samples contained morphine ranging from 0.2 to 240mg/kg. The levels of codeine and thebain…

Usutu virus, Belgium, 2016.

During late summer 2016, in a northwest European region extending over Belgium, the Netherlands and the eastern border of the German state o … equenced. The strain, designated Usutu-LIEGE, is a close phylogenetic relative of those isolated in Germany which form a distinct group within the USUV phylogeny, the so-called Europe_3 lineage. Should this outbreak recapitulate the characteristics of those in southwest Germany in 2011 and in/around Vienna (Austria) in 2001, it is expected that specific a …

[Community-acquired Legionella pneumonia : data from the CAPNETZ study].

Legionella are present in the environment as well as in biofilms of water installation systems. Most Legionella live in amoebae. More than 51 different species of Legionella have been identified; however, most pneumonias are caused by Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. Legionnaire's disease has an incidence of about 4% in Germany. Most cases of Legionnaire's disease are sporadic. Microbiological identification of Legionella can be achieved by cultivation of Legionella spp. on specific media, performing of Legionella-specific PCR from respiratory samples, or Legionella urinary antigen testing.…